Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Guoqing Zhang, Ran Li, Wu Li, Sijia Yang, Qing Sun, Hongping Yin, Cui Wang, Biyu Hou, Huanhuan Wang, Liping Yu, Rucheng Chen, Liyun Shi, Kezhong Zhang, Chong Wee Liew, Guifen Qiang, Qinghua Sun, Cuiqing Liu
Summary: TLR3 plays a crucial role in obesity and metabolic disorders, as demonstrated by the protective effects of TLR3 deficiency against high-fat diet-induced obesity, glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, and lipid accumulation. These findings provide new mechanistic links between inflammation and obesity-related metabolic abnormalities in lipid/glucose metabolism.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jieli Lu, Shuangyuan Wang, Mian Li, Zhengnan Gao, Yu Xu, Xinjie Zhao, Chunyan Hu, Yi Zhang, Ruixin Liu, Ruying Hu, Lixin Shi, Ruizhi Zheng, Rui Du, Qing Su, Jiqiu Wang, Yuhong Chen, Xuefeng Yu, Li Yan, Tiange Wang, Zhiyun Zhao, Xiaolin Wang, Qi Li, Guijun Qin, Qin Wan, Gang Chen, Min Xu, Meng Dai, Di Zhang, Xulei Tang, Guixia Wang, Feixia Shen, Zuojie Luo, Yingfen Qin, Li Chen, Yanan Huo, Qiang Li, Zhen Ye, Yinfei Zhang, Chao Liu, Youmin Wang, Shengli Wu, Tao Yang, Huacong Deng, Donghui Li, Shenghan Lai, Yiming Mu, Lulu Chen, Jiajun Zhao, Guowang Xu, Guang Ning, Yufang Bi, Weiqing Wang
Summary: Aberrations in serum bile acids before the onset of diabetes may be associated with the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus. Unconjugated primary and secondary bile acids were inversely associated with incident diabetes, while conjugated primary and secondary bile acids were positively related. This study suggests a potential role of bile acid metabolism in the pathogenesis of diabetes.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Caio Yogi Yonamine, Maria Luiza Estimo Michalani, Rafael Junges Moreira, Ubiratan Fabres Machado
Summary: The association between diabetes and cognitive dysfunction has a long history, with observations showing a deficit of cognitive capacity in children with type 1 diabetes and a high association between type 2 diabetes and dementia in older populations. The role of glucose in neuronal functioning and how it accesses the neuronal intracellular compartment, as well as the pathological mechanisms involved in dementia-related areas such as the hippocampus, are discussed. The reduction in the expression and translocation of the insulin-sensitive glucose transporter GLUT4 in hippocampal neurons, leading to neurocytoglycopenia and cognitive dysfunction, is also addressed.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Emma K. Rautenberg, Yassin Hamzaoui, Dawn K. Coletta
Summary: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity present major challenges in public health. Understanding the molecular mechanisms contributing to these metabolic disorders, particularly insulin resistance, is crucial. Impaired mitochondria structure and function are common features in insulin-resistant individuals with T2D or obesity, potentially due to epigenetic regulation of mitochondrial and nuclear-encoded genes. Investigating mitochondrial abnormalities is important for gaining insights into the pathogenesis of diabetes and obesity.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Allison M. Hodge, Md Nazmul Karim, James R. Hebert, Nitin Shivappa, Barbora de Courten
Summary: The study found that dietary inflammatory index and Alternative Healthy Eating Index-2010 were positively associated with diabetes incidence, while Mediterranean Diet Score was not. Mediation analysis indicated that body size played a moderate to large mediating role in the association between AHEI and DII and incident diabetes.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Anna Mengr, Veronika Strnadova, Stepan Strnad, Vladimir Vrkoslav, Helena Pelantova, Marek Kuzma, Thomas Comptdaer, Blanka Zelezna, Jaroslav Kunes, Marie-Christine Galas, Andrea Pacesova, Lenka Maletinska
Summary: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by various pathological changes in the brain, including amyloid-beta plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, and neuroinflammation. This study investigated the impact of obesity-induced insulin resistance and inflammation on AD-like pathology in a mouse model. The results showed that a high-fat diet exacerbated AD pathology and inflammation in the brains of the mice, indicating a deleterious effect of obesity-related metabolic abnormalities on the development of AD.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anna Litwiniuk, Wojciech Bik, Malgorzata Kalisz, Agnieszka Baranowska-Bik
Summary: Alzheimer's disease, obesity, and type 2 diabetes mellitus share common features such as chronic inflammation, increased oxidative stress, insulin resistance, and impaired energy metabolism. Adiposity-related inflammatory factors lead to the formation of inflammasome complexes, which can affect neuroinflammatory processes. The abnormal activation of the NLRP3 signaling pathway may link adiposity with cognitive impairment in humans.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Lindsey A. Muir, Kae Won Cho, Lynn M. Geletka, Nicki A. Baker, Carmen G. Flesher, Anne P. Ehlers, Niko Kaciroti, Stephen Lindsly, Scott Ronquist, Indika Rajapakse, Robert W. O'Rourke, Carey N. Lumeng
Summary: This study identified different subtypes of adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) in obese and diabetic individuals and found that these subtypes play different roles in inflammation and insulin resistance. CD206(+)CD11c(-) ATMs were increased in diabetic participants and expressed proinflammatory cytokines and scavenger receptors, while the other two subtypes were lipid antigen presenting.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Ronghe Chen, Shanshan Huang, Tongtong Lin, Haosong Ma, Wenjun Shan, Fei Duan, Jing Lv, Jinde Zhang, Lei Ren, Liming Nie
Summary: Photodynamic therapy and adipose browning induction are two promising approaches to reverse obesity, with the former acting rapidly and locally, and the latter having a more gradual and widespread effect. Despite their complementarity, they have rarely been combined and imaged non-invasively in vivo.
NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Marcela Montilla, Andrea Liberato, Pablo Ruiz-Ocana, Ana Saez-Benito, Manuel Aguilar-Diosdado, Alfonso Maria Lechuga-Sancho, Felix A. Ruiz
Summary: Obesity increases the risk of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes, and polyphosphate may serve as an inflammation biomarker in the onset of metabolic diseases.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shaza B. Zaghlool, Anna Halama, Nisha Stephan, Valborg Gudmundsdottir, Vilmundur Gudnason, Lori L. Jennings, Manonanthini Thangam, Emma Ahlqvist, Rayaz A. Malik, Omar M. E. Albagha, Karsten Suhre, Abdul Badi Abou-Samra
Summary: This study translates T2D subtypes previously identified in European individuals to an Arab population and identifies specific metabolic and proteomic signatures for each subtype, providing further understanding of the pathogenesis of these subtypes.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Aesha Shah, William C. Dodson, Penny M. Kris-Etherton, Allen R. Kunselman, Christy M. Stetter, Carol L. Gnatuk, Stephanie J. Estes, Kelly C. Allison, David B. Sarwer, Patrick M. Sluss, Christos Coutifaris, Anuja Dokras, Richard S. Legro
Summary: Oral contraceptive pills have a significant impact on the hormones of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome, but this does not correlate with live birth.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Min Xu, Yu-Meng Wang, Wan-Qing Li, Cheng-Long Huang, Jun Li, Wen-Hua Xie, Hong-Xiang Zeng, Lin-Fen Tao, Xi Li
Summary: This study found that Ccrl2 expression is increased in visceral adipose tissue of obese mice. Deletion of Ccrl2 gene exacerbates obesity and insulin resistance, resulting in increased visceral adipose tissue inflammation and M1/M2 macrophage ratio.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Yu Zhou, Deli Ye, Xiaofen Yuan, Yonglie Zhou, Jun Xia
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the association of serum bile acids (BAs) with different types of diabetes and analyze their correlation with clinical and laboratory parameters. The results showed that patients with diabetes had higher levels of serum BAs, but BAs did not have a special value in the pathogenesis of LADA. Inflammatory cytokines were positively associated with certain BA species.
JOURNAL OF DIABETES RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Juciane de Abreu Ribeiro Pereira, Maria de Fatima Piccolo Barcelos, Eduardo Valerio Villas Boas, Roberta Hilsdorf Piccoli, Janina de Sales Guilarducci, Rafaela Correa Pereira, Jose Rodrigo Pauli, Eric Batista Ferreira, Michel Cardoso de Angelis-Pereira, Dennys Esper Cintra
Summary: This study found that the combination of yacon flour and yogurt with two strains of probiotics had positive effects on metabolic parameters, inflammatory and insulin signaling proteins in diet-induced obese mice. The combination resulted in decreased body weight, fasting glucose, and triacylglycerol levels, as well as reduced fat accumulation. Additionally, it decreased inflammatory markers and improved insulin signaling. These findings suggest that the use of prebiotics and probiotics in food can counteract obesity-associated inflammation and improve insulin resistance in the short term.
JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Md. Mominur Rahman, Sadia Afsana Mim, Md. Rezaul Islam, Nasrin Sultana, Muniruddin Ahmed, Mohammad Amjad Kamal
Summary: G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are activated by neurotransmitters and play a crucial role in psychiatric and neurological disorders. GPCRs show potential as therapeutic targets for obesity, diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, and other central nervous system disorders. Orphan GPCRs, such as GPR52, GPR6, and GPR8, are of particular interest and may have therapeutic implications for psychiatric disorders.
CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS-DRUG TARGETS
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Aziz Unnisa, Nigel H. H. Greig, Mohammad A. A. Kamal
Summary: Nanotechnology involves manipulating shape and size at the nanoscale to design and create structures, devices, and systems. It has shown great potential in improving drug delivery and overcoming the blood-brain barrier for treating brain disorders such as brain cancer and Alzheimer's disease. The use of nanomaterials in diagnostics and controlled drug delivery systems holds promise for enhancing the efficacy of treatments. However, further research is needed to ensure the safety and effectiveness of nanotechnology-assisted drugs.
CURRENT MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Aziz Unnisa, Nigel H. H. Greig, Mohammad Amjad Kamal
Summary: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of death and morbidity, and is the focus of translational research. Apoptosis is important in the pathophysiology of TBI, and inhibiting it may improve functional recovery. Caspases, such as Caspase-3 and Caspase-9, are key mediators of cell death due to apoptosis in TBI. Understanding these apoptotic pathways and finding ways to inhibit Caspases may have significant treatment implications for TBI.
CURRENT NEUROPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Aziz Unnisa, Kamal Dua, Mohammad Amjad Kamal
Summary: Parkinson's disease is a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder that affects the basal nuclei and impairs motor and cognitive functions. The disease is characterized by a loss of dopaminergic neurons and the aggregation of Lewy bodies. Current medications only relieve symptoms and do not cure the disease, highlighting the need for therapies that can effectively stop or reverse degeneration. Cell-based therapies using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have gained attention for their abundance in the body, proliferation ability, and immunomodulation, showing promise in repairing dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson's patients.
CURRENT NEUROPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Andleeb Khan, Sivakumar Sivagurunathan Moni, M. Ali, Syam Mohan, Huma Jan, Saiema Rasool, Mohammad A. Kamal, Saeed Alshahrani, Maryam Halawi, Hassan A. Alhazmi
Summary: Fungal infections are on the rise worldwide, particularly in immunocompromised individuals. Candida spp. is the most common disease-causing fungus, causing various infections. Understanding the morphological and developmental pathways of Candida is crucial for developing new antifungal drugs. Conventional antifungal drugs have developed resistance, necessitating the exploration of new sources such as phytochemicals and their secondary metabolites.
CURRENT MOLECULAR PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Faijan Akhtar, Parth K. Patel, Md Belal Bin Heyat, Saba Yousaf, Atif Amin Baig, Rashenda Aziz Mohona, Muhamad Malik Mutoffar, Tanima Bhattacharya, Bibi Nushrina Teelhawod, Jian Ping Li, Mohammad Amjad Kamal, Kaishun Wu
Summary: This study aims to determine the research volume conducted on students who are affected by smartphone addiction and design a database. It also provides a comprehensive image of smartphone-addicted students and highlights critical problems for future research.
CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS-DRUG TARGETS
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Aziz Unnisa, Nigel H. Greig, Mohammad Amjad Kamal
Summary: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by underdeveloped brain and impaired social interaction. Recent research suggests that disturbances in neuron-glia interactions play a significant role in the pathophysiology of ASD. Glial cells, in addition to neurons, are essential for mental activities, and a new strategy emphasizing neuron-glia interactions should be applied. Dysfunctional neuron-glia connections result in abnormal neural network formation and neurotransmission, leading to the malfunctioning of brain circuits and behavioral issues. Reactive glial cells and dysfunction in microglia have been associated with autism, and various approaches involving glial cell treatment are being explored.
CURRENT NEUROPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Correction
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ghulam Md. Ashraf, Debarati DasGupta, Mohammad Zubair Alam, Saleh S. Baeesa, Badrah S. Alghamdi, Firoz Anwar, Thamer M. A. Alqurashi, Sharaf E. Sharaf, Waleed Al Abdulmonem, Mohammed A. Alyousef, Fahad A. Alhumaydhi, Anas Shamsi
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Mehboob Hoque, Arijit Samanta, Syed Sahajada Mahafujul Alam, Torki A. Zughaibi, Mohammad Amjad Kamal, Shams Tabrez
Summary: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disease characterized by the accumulation of amyloid beta (A beta) plaques and hyperphosphorylated tau protein neurofibrillary tangles (NFT). Current AD treatments have limited success and focus on improving cognitive and behavioral symptoms. Developing novel treatment approaches to control/inhibit AD progression, especially in the elderly, is crucial. Immunotherapy, which boosts the patient's immune system, shows promise as a safe treatment option. However, delivering therapeutics to the brain poses a challenge due to the minimal immune surveillance in the brain. The review discusses the use of different nano-formulations to enhance AD immunotherapy.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2023)
Editorial Material
Neurosciences
Mohammad Amjad Kamal, Athanasios Alexiou, Asma Perveen
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Editorial Material
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Mohammad Khursheed Alam, Mohammad Amjad Kamal, Kumar Chandan Srivastava
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Mohammad Zubair Alam
Summary: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a complex autoimmune disease that affects the central nervous system. The exact cause of MS is still unknown. Medications can slow down the progression of the disease, but long-term use of synthetic drugs can have undesirable effects. Medicinal plants, as complementary treatment, show potential in improving MS symptoms and can be used as adjuvants to existing treatment.
ANNALES PHARMACEUTIQUES FRANCAISES
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Amer M. Alanazi, Azmat Ali Khan, Amer Mahmood, Araib Tahir, Mohammad Amjad Kamal
Summary: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different bleaching methods, 40% hydrogen peroxide (HP) and Zinc Phthalocyanine (ZP), activated by photodynamic therapy (PDT) with the utilization of diverse procedures of reversal, on bond values, surface microhardness, and surface roughness of bleached enamel surface. The results showed that Zinc Phthalocyanine activated by PDT with the application of 10% ascorbic acid as the reversal solution had the highest bond values and surface microhardness with acceptable surface roughness for bonding adhesive resin to the enamel surface.
PHOTODIAGNOSIS AND PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Qamar Sultana, Jill Kar, Amogh Verma, Shreya Sanghvi, Nirja Kaka, Neil Patel, Yashendra Sethi, Hitesh Chopra, Mohammad Amjad Kamal, Nigel H. H. Greig
Summary: Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are a group of heterogeneous tumors that can originate from any organ and account for 2% of all malignancies in the United States. NEN patients often experience endocrine imbalances due to increased hormone secretion, affecting their quality of life and prognosis. The past decade has seen significant advancements in the categorization, diagnosis, and treatment choices for NENs, leading to a better understanding and the possibility of targeted therapies beyond surgery.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Shimaa Mohammad Yousof, Badrah S. Alghamdi, Thamer Alqurashi, Mohammad Zubair Alam, Reham Tash, Imrana Tanvir, Lamis AbdelGadir Kaddam
Summary: The study found that Palmaria p. has the potential to prevent multiple sclerosis by modulating the gut microbiota, increasing antioxidant activity, and preserving structural integrity.
