Review
Neurosciences
Rhonda R. Voskuhl, Allan MacKenzie-Graham
Summary: There are many similarities in neuropathology between MS and chronic EAE induced in C57BL/6 mice, including lesions in the spinal cord and various structures in the brain.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Taekyun Shin, Meejung Ahn, Jeongtae Kim, Kyungsook Jung, Changjong Moon, Moon-Doo Kim
Summary: Visual disabilities are important symptoms in central nervous system autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS) and its animal model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Past studies have focused on neuro-inflammatory changes in the white matter of the brain, but lesions have been found in the visual pathway and retina/optic nerves. While retina and optic nerves are immunologically privileged sites, inflammation can occur via other routes.
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Jie Lv, Mengyao Han, Guangyu Liu, Wei Zhuang, Chun Wang, Ling Xie, Kaidireya Saimaier, Sanxing Han, Changjie Shi, Qiuhong Hua, Ru Zhang, Changsheng Du
Summary: Apoptosis is important in maintaining the homeostasis of the body and immune system, but its dysfunction can lead to autoimmune diseases like multiple sclerosis (MS). An animal model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), is used to study MS. In this study, we found that carboplatin (CA), a platinum anti-tumor drug, reduced inflammation and demyelination in EAE mice. CA also decreased pathogenic T cell numbers and proportions in the spleen and lymph nodes of EAE mice. Additionally, CA induced apoptosis and inhibited T cell proliferation. These findings suggest that CA has potential as a novel drug for MS treatment.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Reem Alatrash, Maria Golubenko, Ekaterina Martynova, Ekaterina Garanina, Yana Mukhamedshina, Svetlana Khaiboullina, Albert Rizvanov, Ilnur Salafutdinov, Svetlana Arkhipova
Summary: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease that cannot be cured and progressively damages the myelin sheath. Current therapy focuses on slowing neurodegeneration and suppressing the immune system. Inflammation, axon degeneration, and neurogliosis occur in the central nervous system in MS. This study explores the therapeutic potential of artificial microvesicles (MVs) derived from adipose mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSC) and expressing nerve growth factor (NGF) on a mouse model of MS. The injection of ADMSC-MVs-NGF led to a significant decrease in neurogliosis and promoted axon regeneration in the MS model.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Qianye Zhang, Wei Sun, Qingpeng Wang, Xuexing Zheng, Ruiyan Zhang, Ning Zhang
Summary: This study evaluated the therapeutic potential of a ketogenic diet (KD) in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a model of multiple sclerosis (MS). The results showed that KD reduces demyelination and microglial activation, decreases pro-inflammatory cytokine production, and increases anti-inflammatory cytokine production in the spinal cord and spleen. Additionally, KD inhibits the activation of certain cells and modulates specific signaling pathways. These findings suggest that KD may be an effective strategy in the treatment of MS.
MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Maria Concetta Geloso, Nadia D'Ambrosi
Summary: Microglia can rapidly respond to environmental changes and play a role in shaping neuronal wiring. They regulate the elimination of weaker synapses, actively participating in modulating neuronal function. Synaptic dysfunction may be an early and independent event in the neurodegenerative process associated with diseases like multiple sclerosis.
Article
Neurosciences
Chiara Tremolanti, Chiara Cavallini, Laurence Meyer, Christian Klein, Eleonora Da Pozzo, Barbara Costa, Lorenzo Germelli, Sabrina Taliani, Christine Patte-Mensah, Ayikoe-Guy Mensah-Nyagan
Summary: Research suggests that phenylindoleglyoxylamydes (PIGAs) translocator protein (TSPO) ligands may have therapeutic potential in mice with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) that mimics primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS) in humans. Treatment with PIGA1138 significantly reduced clinical symptoms and improved motor function in MOG-EAE mice, while preserving myelin and axonal integrity. PIGA1138 also inhibited immune cell infiltration, reducing inflammation, and increased anti-inflammatory cytokine levels.
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Cassandra E. Meyer, Andrew W. Smith, Aitana A. Padilla-Requerey, Vista Farkhondeh, Noriko Itoh, Yuichiro Itoh, Josephine L. Gao, Patrick D. Herbig, Quynhanh Nguyen, Katelyn H. Ngo, Mandavi R. Oberoi, Prabha Siddarth, Rhonda R. Voskuhl, Allan MacKenzie-Graham
Summary: In multiple sclerosis (MS), demyelination in the cerebral cortex leads to atrophy and clinical disabilities. This study aimed to investigate the effect of estriol treatment on the cerebral cortex in a preclinical model of MS. The results showed that estriol treatment initiated after disease onset reduced atrophy and had neuroprotective effects in the cerebral cortex.
LABORATORY INVESTIGATION
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Sinali O. Seneviratne, Mark Marriott, Sudarshini Ramanathan, Wei Yeh, Fabienne Brilot-Turville, Helmut Butzkueven, Mastura Monif
Summary: This article presents three cases initially diagnosed as multiple sclerosis (MS) and treated with alemtuzumab. Surprisingly, all three patients showed a decline in their clinical status and an increasing lesion load on brain magnetic resonance imaging after receiving the medication. Subsequently, all three cases were found to have anti-MOG antibody in their serum.
Article
Cell Biology
Yue-Ran Cui, Zhong-Qi Bu, Hai-Yang Yu, Li-Li Yan, Juan Feng
Summary: This study demonstrates that emodin, a substance extracted from herbs such as rhubarb, has a protective effect on the central nervous system. Furthermore, emodin improves the symptoms of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by regulating the SIRT1/PGC-1 alpha/NLRP3 signaling pathway and inhibiting microglial inflammation.
NEURAL REGENERATION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Wenlin Hao, Qinghua Luo, Michael D. Menger, Klaus Fassbender, Yang Liu
Summary: Anti-CD52 therapy demonstrates neuroprotective effects in EAE mice by reducing T lymphocyte counts, preventing myelin loss, and protecting neurons. Neuronal BDNF regulates the neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects of CD52 antibody in EAE mice.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Dimitra Dafou, Eirini Kanata, Spyros Pettas, Nikolaos Bekas, Athanasios Dimitriadis, Garyfalia Kempapidou, Roza Lagoudaki, Paschalis Theotokis, Olga Touloumi, Nikoleta Delivanoglou, Evangelia Kesidou, Konstantinos Xanthopoulos, Nikolaos Grigoriadis, Fotini Nina Papavasiliou, Theodoros Sklaviadis
Summary: This study assessed the role of RNA editing in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and found that RNA-editing events mediated by APOBEC and ADAR deaminases were significantly reduced during the course of disease, potentially impacting protein expression necessary for normal neurological function. In addition, the severity of EAE was significantly higher in APOBEC-1 knockout mice.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Shishi Shen, Xi Cheng, Luyao Zhou, Yipeng Zhao, Hai Wang, Jie Zhang, Xiaobo Sun, Yuge Wang, Yaqing Shu, Yanteng Xu, Yu Tao, Mingqiang Li, Zhengqi Lu, Wei Cai, Guangjun Nie, Wei Qiu
Summary: This study developed neutrophil-derived nanovesicles (NNVs) to enhance the efficiency of myelin debris clearance in microglia for multiple sclerosis (MS) therapy. The results showed that NNVs treatment ameliorated lesional neuroinflammation and improved neurological functions and white matter integrity in a mouse model of MS. Additionally, NNVs treatment upregulated the expression of NRF2 in microglia and activated the transcription of RUBCN, leading to enhanced phagocytosis of myelin debris.
Article
Immunology
Byunghyun Park, Yu Sun Jeong, Wonseok Hu, Mingyu Lee, Ji Cheol Kim, Geon Ho Bae, Yong-Soo Bae, Yoe-Sik Bae
Summary: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a disease that damages the brain and spinal cord, leading to paralysis. Recent research has shown that B cells play a significant role in the pathogenesis of MS, as autoantibodies from B cells are closely related to central nervous system damage and prognosis. Regulating the activity of antibody secreting cells may be linked to the severity of MS symptoms.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Davide Cossu, Kazumasa Yokoyama, Shigeto Sato, Sachiko Noda, Tamami Sakanishi, Leonardo Antonio Sechi, Nobutaka Hattori
Summary: Research shows that PINK1 protein plays a crucial role in modulating the immune response during EAE, potentially contributing to the pathogenesis of neuroinflammatory and other associated conditions.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)