Review
Immunology
Swati Sharma, Tarun Tyagi, Silvio Antoniak
Summary: Thrombo-inflammation, characterized by the formation of microvascular thrombosis and inflammation, is a clinical manifestation observed in various diseases. Platelets play a crucial role in this process by contributing to coagulation, inflammatory processes, and leukocyte recruitment. Understanding the role of platelets in thrombo-inflammatory disorders, including COVID-19, can provide valuable insights for potential therapeutic targets.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Hematology
Maria Selvadurai, Moeen Riaz, Sophia Xie, Andrew M. Tonkin, John J. McNeil, Paul Lacaze, Justin R. Hamilton
Summary: This article examines the association between the single-nucleotide polymorphism rs773902 and cardiovascular events and aspirin use. The results indicate that rs773902 is not significantly associated with thrombotic or bleeding events.
THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS
(2022)
Review
Hematology
Johan W. M. Heemskerk, Jonathan West
Summary: This review discusses our current understanding of platelet diversity and its implications in hemostasis and thrombosis, as well as the advanced technologies that can provide new insights in this field. The term "diversity" is used to capture the intrasubject variability of platelets, which can be intrinsic or influenced by the environment, resulting in a heterogeneous response pattern in terms of aggregation, clot promotion, and external communication. The review highlights the use of advanced technologies such as next-generation sequencing, proteomic approaches, advanced imaging techniques, and microfluidics assays to gain insights into the underlying causes of platelet molecular, structural, and functional diversity. It discusses various sources of diversity, including different allele-specific expression patterns in proliferating megakaryocytes, asymmetrical formation of proplatelets, changes in platelets induced by aging and priming, interplatelet heterogeneity in thrombus organization and stability, and platelet-dependent communications. The review also emphasizes the importance of these technologies in characterizing platelet populations and identifying platelet biomarkers for cardiovascular disease treatment.
ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Celestine Hong, Yanpu He, Porter A. Bowen, Angela M. Belcher, Bradley D. Olsen, Paula T. Hammond
Summary: Researchers have developed a two-component system to treat internal bleeding by leveraging increased injury accumulation to achieve crosslinking and addressing both primary and secondary hemostasis. This approach significantly increases survival relative to the particle-only control in a liver resection model.
ADVANCED HEALTHCARE MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Hematology
Xiang Gui, Xiang Chu, Yuwei Du, Yuhan Wang, Sixuan Zhang, Yangyang Ding, Huan Tong, Mengdi Xu, Yue Li, Wen Ju, Zengtian Sun, Zhenyu Li, Lingyu Zeng, Kailin Xu, Jianlin Qiao
Summary: PDE5A deficiency prolongs bleeding time and delays arterial and venous thrombus formation. It inhibits platelet aggregation and activation, reduces phosphatidylserine exposure, calcium mobilization, and reactive oxygen species production, increases intracellular cGMP level, and modulates platelet function and thrombus formation.
THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS
(2023)
Article
Hematology
David S. Paul, Tasha N. Blatt, Wyatt J. Schug, Emily G. Clark, Tomohiro Kawano, Nigel Mackman, Sebastian Murcia, Kathryn O. Poe, Jean Marie N. Mwiza, T. Kendall Harden, Wolfgang Bergmeier, Robert A. Nicholas
Summary: Rapid desensitization of the P2Y1 receptor plays a critical role in platelet function and thrombus formation, but does not affect platelet adhesion and aggregation at sites of vascular injury.
JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS
(2023)
Review
Hematology
Oluwamayokun Oshinowo, Sally S. Azer, Jessica Lin, Wilbur A. Lam
Summary: Mechanotransduction is the ability of cells, including platelets, to sense and respond to their mechanical microenvironment. Dysregulation of platelet mechanotransduction can lead to bleeding and thrombosis. Understanding platelet mechanotransduction is crucial for better understanding and treatment of clotting and bleeding disorders.
JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Aditya Girish, Ketan Jolly, Nijmeh Alsaadi, Maria de la Fuente, Arielle Recchione, Ran An, Dante Disharoon, Zachary Secunda, Shruti Raghunathan, Norman F. Luc, Cian Desai, Elizabeth Knauss, Xu Han, Keren Hu, Hanyang Wang, Ujjal Didar Singh Sekhon, Nathan Rohner, Umut A. Gurkan, Marvin Nieman, Matthew D. Neal, Anirban Sen Gupta
Summary: This study presents the design and evaluation of thrombin-loaded injury-site-targeted lipid nanoparticles (t-TLNPs) that can specifically localize at an injury site and release thrombin for hemostatic action. The nanoparticles were found to restore hemostatic dysfunction and reduce bleeding in both in vitro and in vivo experiments.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lucas Veuthey, Alessandro Aliotta, Debora Bertaggia Calderara, Cindy Pereira Portela, Lorenzo Alberio
Summary: Procoagulant platelets are key regulators of thrombus formation and derive from cells capable of accumulating enough cytosolic calcium. We lack insight into the actual mechanisms controlling the dichotomous pattern of procoagulant versus aggregating phenotype.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Hematology
Florian Puhm, Eric Boilard, Kellie R. Machlus
Summary: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a means of cell-to-cell communication, and platelets readily generate EVs upon activation, containing diverse cargo that can enter various bodily fluids. The importance of platelet-derived EVs extends beyond hemostasis, highlighting their physiological and pathological significance.
ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Hematology
Sally Thomas, Anandi Krishnan
Summary: Myeloproliferative neoplasms are malignant bone marrow disorders characterized by dysregulated balance between proliferation and differentiation, with potential to transform into acute myeloid leukemia and complications such as thrombosis. Recognizing markers for disease progression is a clinical need, and blood platelets could offer insights into disease understanding. Recent work has shown progressive platelet heterogeneity by subtype in a large cohort of MPN patients.
ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Hematology
Anne-Mette Hvas
Summary: This review summarizes the time that has passed from the initial discovery of platelets to the advanced methodologies used in platelet research today. It provides an overview of the initial descriptions of platelets, the discovery of megakaryocytes, and the pivotal role of platelets in the clotting process. The most advanced method for studying platelets currently is flow cytometry, and advancements in genetic testing show promise for diagnosing inherited platelet disorders.
SEMINARS IN THROMBOSIS AND HEMOSTASIS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Henrike Hoermann, Irena Krueger, Nadine Maurus, Friedrich Reusswig, Yi Sun, Christina Kohlmorgen, Maria Grandoch, Jens W. Fischer, Margitta Elvers
Summary: Biglycan plays a crucial role in hemostasis and thrombosis by binding and activating platelets through GPVI. Deficiency of biglycan results in reduced platelet adhesion to injured vessels and prolonged bleeding times.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Carol Dangelmaier, Benjamin Mauri, Akruti Patel, Satya P. Kunapuli, John C. Kostyak
Summary: Platelet functional disorder associated with P2Y12 receptor mutation was identified in a human subject. Knock-in mouse model confirmed the essential role of aspartic acid residue in P2Y12 function.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Francisca Ferrer-Marin, Martha Sola-Visner
Summary: The neonatal hemostatic system differs from that of adults, with developmental differences in platelet function and primary hemostasis. Factors in neonatal blood such as high von Willebrand factor levels increase platelet-vessel wall interaction, leading to shorter bleeding times in healthy full-term infants. However, prophylactic platelet transfusions do not decrease bleeding in preterm neonates and may increase neonatal morbidity and mortality.
Article
Immunology
Shanice A. Karangwa, Jelle Adelmeijer, Johannes G. M. Burgerhof, Ton Lisman, Vincent E. de Meijer, Ruben H. de Kleine, Koen M. E. M. Reyntjens, Aad P. van den Berg, Robert J. Porte, Marieke T. de Boer
Summary: This study found that controlled DCD liver transplantation does not result in higher intraoperative blood loss or more transfusion requirements compared with DBD liver transplantation. The results of the study also showed that there was no evidence for increased hyperfibrinolysis upon reperfusion in DCD liver grafts compared with DBD liver grafts.
Article
Hematology
Johannes Thaler, Ton Lisman, Peter Quehenberger, Lena Hell, Philipp Schwabl, Bernhard Scheiner, Theresa Bucsics, Rienk Nieuwland, Cihan AY, Michael Trauner, Ingrid Pabinger, Thomas Reiberger, Mattias Mandorfer
Summary: This study investigated the coagulation system in ascites of patients with cirrhosis and found that ascitic fluid was procoagulant with high extracellular vesicle-associated tissue factor activity. Fibrinolytic enzymes were activated in ascitic fluid, potentially re-entering the systemic circulation and inducing systemic fibrinolysis. Plasma D-dimer levels were independently linked to ascites severity in a separate cohort of patients.
THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS
(2022)
Article
Surgery
Tamar A. J. van den Berg, Ton Lisman, Frank J. M. F. Dor, Cyril Moers, Robert C. Minnee, Stephan J. L. Bakker, Robert A. Pol
Summary: This survey investigates the different thromboprophylactic strategies used in kidney transplantation in Europe, finding a high variation and inconsistency across centers. Further research is needed to develop better guidelines.
EUROPEAN SURGICAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Ellen G. Driever, Fien A. von Meijenfeldt, Jelle Adelmeijer, Robbert J. de Haas, Marius C. van den Heuvel, Chandrasekaran Nagasami, John W. Weisel, Constantino Fondevila, Robert J. Porte, Anabel Blasi, Nigel Heaton, Stephen Gregory, Pauline Kane, William Bernal, Yoh Zen, Ton Lisman
Summary: The study found that portal vein thrombosis in cirrhotic patients is mainly composed of intimal fibrosis, with fibrin-rich thrombus present in only one-third of cases. Clinical characteristics showed no significant association with the presence of fibrin-rich thrombi.
Letter
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Ellen G. Driever, William Bernal, Ton Lisman
Letter
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Fanny Turon, Ton Lisman, Juan Carlos-Garcia-Pagan
JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Aglaia Zellos, Dominique Debray, Giuseppe Indolfi, Piotr Czubkowski, Marianne Samyn, Nedim Hadzic, Girish Gupte, Bjorn Fischler, Francoise Smets, Stephan Clement de Clety, Ryszard Grenda, Yael Mozer, Sara Mancell, Jorg Jahnel, Georg Auzinger, Austen Worth, Ton Lisman, Christian Staufner, Ulrich Baumann, Anil Dhawan, Estelle Alonso, Robert H. Squires, Henkjan J. Verkade
Summary: This report summarizes the latest research and developments in the field of acute liver failure in infants and children, with a focus on early recognition, curative therapies, intensive care management, imaging techniques, and treatment paradigms.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC GASTROENTEROLOGY AND NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Aglaia Zellos, Dominique Debray, Giuseppe Indolfi, Piotr Czubkowski, Marianne Samyn, Nedim Hadzic, Girish Gupte, Bjorn Fischler, Francoise Smets, Stephan Clement de Clety, Ryszard Grenda, Yael Mozer, Sara Mancell, Jorg Jahnel, Georg Auzinger, Austen Worth, Ton Lisman, Christian Staufner, Ulrich Baumann, Anil Dhawan, Estelle Alonso, Robert H. Squires, Henkjan J. Verkade
Summary: This article summarizes a conference organized by the Hepatology Committee of the European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition on pediatric liver disease, specifically focusing on Acute Liver Failure (ALF). The aim was to update physicians on developments in medical therapy, indications for liver transplantation, and future areas of research. The article provides an overview of the topics discussed during the conference and highlights key learning points.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC GASTROENTEROLOGY AND NUTRITION
(2022)
Letter
Hematology
Fien A. von Meijenfeldt, Sebastian Havervall, Jelle Adelmeijer, Charlotte Thalin, Ton Lisman
JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS
(2022)
Article
Hematology
Lara N. Roberts, Ton Lisman, Simon Stanworth, Virginia Hernandez-Gea, Maria Magnusson, Armando Tripodi, Jecko Thachil
Summary: Prolonged prothrombin time and thrombocytopenia are common in patients with cirrhosis, but they do not necessarily reflect the overall hemostatic balance or bleeding risk in the periprocedural setting. It is important to carefully evaluate bleeding risk and manage hemostatic abnormalities in these patients during procedures.
JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Annabel Blasi, Vishal C. Patel, Eva N. H. E. Spanke, Jelle Adelmeijer, Marilena Stamouli, Ane Zamalloa, Eleanor Corcoran, Andrea Calvo, Javier Fernandez, William Bernal, Ton Lisman
Summary: The study found that patients with AD and ACLF had higher thrombin generation but lower levels of prothrombin, fibrinogen, and factor XIII compared to healthy controls. Fibrinogen concentrate improved clot quality, while prothrombin complex concentrate increased clot resistance. Further research is needed to determine the clinical benefits of coagulation factor concentrates in preventing or treating bleeding in liver disease patients.
LIVER INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Hematology
Ellen G. Driever, Ton Lisman
Summary: Patients with liver diseases experience imbalances in their hemostasis, which can be further destabilized by disease complications. Systemic inflammation in these patients leads to alterations in the hemostatic system, potentially causing local ischemia, liver disease progression, and multiorgan failure. Anti-inflammatory treatment may prove beneficial in preventing thrombotic or bleeding complications and halting liver disease progression.
SEMINARS IN THROMBOSIS AND HEMOSTASIS
(2022)
Article
Hematology
Andreas Tiede, Barbara Zieger, Ton Lisman
Summary: This article provides an overview of acquired bleeding disorders, including acquired hemophilia A, acquired von Willebrand syndrome, and liver function disorders. It discusses the pathophysiology, diagnostic tests, and treatment strategies for these conditions.
Review
Hematology
Bente P. van den Boom, Ton Lisman
Summary: Patients with liver disease often experience complex changes in their blood coagulation system, including decreased platelet count and altered levels of coagulation-related proteins. Conventional coagulation tests do not accurately reflect procoagulant changes, but novel tests can better reflect the overall hemostatic changes. Despite a rebalanced hemostatic status, liver disease patients have a more fragile hemostatic system and are at risk for both bleeding and thrombosis. Many hemostatic complications in liver disease are not directly related to hemostatic failure, highlighting the importance of identifying the underlying cause for appropriate treatment.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LABORATORY HEMATOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Ton Lisman, Stephen H. Caldwell, Nicolas M. Intagliata
Summary: Patients with cirrhosis experience complex changes in their haemostatic system, but it remains balanced overall. New understanding of clinical management for patients with cirrhosis has emerged, although there is a lack of solid evidence from well-designed clinical studies. The paper outlines recent advances in bleeding and thrombotic complications in patients with cirrhosis.
JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Zhou Yuming, Tang Ruqi, Merrill Eric Gershwin, Ma Xiong
CLINICS IN LIVER DISEASE
(2024)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Inbal Houri, Gideon M. Hirschfield
CLINICS IN LIVER DISEASE
(2024)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Yasameen Muzahim, Ali Wakil, Mehak Bassi, Nikolaos Pyrsopoulos
CLINICS IN LIVER DISEASE
(2024)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Brian H. Horwich, Douglas T. Dieterich
CLINICS IN LIVER DISEASE
(2024)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Aparna Goel, Paul Kwo
Summary: The goal of autoimmune hepatitis treatment is achieving clinical and biochemical remission. Standard care involves induction treatment with corticosteroids and gradual tapering of steroids. Alternatives to standard therapy can be considered for patients with intolerance or inadequate response. Treatment withdrawal is achievable in less than 20% of patients after 2 years of sustained remission, and liver transplantation should be considered for patients with progressive disease or complications.
CLINICS IN LIVER DISEASE
(2024)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Mariana Zapata, Hendrick Pagan-Torres, Marlyn J. Mayo
CLINICS IN LIVER DISEASE
(2024)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Aalam Sohal, Sanya Kayani, Kris Kowdley
Summary: Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is an immune-mediated liver disease characterized by inflammation and fibrosis of bile ducts. It is commonly associated with inflammatory bowel disease, especially ulcerative colitis. The natural history of the disease varies among patients, but most will develop cirrhosis.
CLINICS IN LIVER DISEASE
(2024)
