Article
Cell Biology
Tingting Luo, Suzhen Yang, Tianming Zhao, Hanlong Zhu, Chunyan Chen, Xiaoxiao Shi, Di Chen, Kai Wang, Kang Jiang, Dan Xu, Ming Cheng, Juan Li, Wenting Li, Weijun Xu, Lin Zhou, Mingzuo Jiang, Bing Xu
Summary: Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a major cause of acute liver failure (ALF). DDX3X plays a role in pro-survival stress granule (SG) assembly, but its role in DILI is unknown. This study revealed that DDX3X expression is decreased in DILI patients and DDX3X deficient mice. DDX3X deficiency aggravated liver injury in multiple DILI models by enhancing oxidative stress, hepatocyte death, and inflammatory responses.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Alexandra Shingina, Nizar Mukhtar, Jamile Wakim-Fleming, Saleh Alqahtani, Robert J. Wong, Berkeley N. Limketkai, Anne M. Larson, Lafaine Grant
Summary: Acute liver failure (ALF) is a rare, potentially reversible condition that causes severe liver damage and rapid clinical deterioration in patients without preexisting liver disease. Due to limited studies, guidelines provided by the American College of Gastroenterology serve as the official practice recommendations for the identification, treatment, and management of ALF. The guidelines were developed through a process of reviewing scientific evidence and using expert opinions when robust evidence was lacking. Individualized care should be applied in specific clinical scenarios due to the varied clinical presentations of ALF.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Piotr Lagosz, Jan Biegus, Szymon Urban, Robert Zymlinski
Summary: Cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) is a complex and heterogeneous spectrum of symptoms that has posed challenges for cardiologists for many years. The coexistence of heart failure (HF) and deteriorated renal function adds to these challenges and is a strong predictor of poor outcomes. However, with the development of new renal assessment methods, we now have the opportunity to treat CRS more effectively than ever before. This review focuses on explaining the pathophysiology, recent advances, and current practices of monitoring renal function in patients with acute CRS, aiming to improve patient care and guide treatment strategies.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Angela L. Chiew, Nicholas A. Buckley
Summary: Different management pathways are required for modified-release acetaminophen overdoses, large/massive overdoses, and repeated supratherapeutic ingestions. Patients at increased risk of acute liver injury include those receiving acetylcysteine more than 8 hours after acetaminophen ingestion, with high initial acetaminophen concentrations, with glutathione depletion (malnutrition), or with underlying liver disease.
CRITICAL CARE CLINICS
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Nikolaus Schreiber, Gerald Hackl, Alexander C. Reisinger, Ines Zollner-Schwetz, Kathrin Eller, Claudia Schlagenhaufen, Ariane Pietzka, Christoph Czerwenka, Timo D. Stark, Markus Kranzler, Peter Fickert, Philipp Eller, Monika Ehling-Schulz
Summary: This study reports cases of food poisoning caused by Bacillus cereus contamination in fried rice balls. The patients showed a range of symptoms, from vomiting and diarrhea to life-threatening acute liver failure and acute tubular necrosis of the kidney. The report highlights the biological hazard of contaminated rice meals and the necessity of a multidisciplinary approach in such cases.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Abhi Dutta, Shubham Saha, Ajay Bahl, Anupam Mittal, Trayambak Basak
Summary: Cardiorenal syndrome is a broad spectrum disorder affecting the heart and kidneys. India has a high burden of acute cardiorenal syndrome, with 46.1% of patients diagnosed in India. Acute cardiorenal syndrome involves sudden kidney deterioration in acute heart failure patients. The pathophysiology includes hyperactivation of the sympathetic nervous system and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. Complications increase the risk of mortality, making it a global healthcare burden. Current biomarkers have limitations in early detection, highlighting the need for novel proteomic biomarkers to prevent progression.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Mathematics
Yeongmin Kim, Minsu Chae, Namjun Cho, Hyowook Gil, Hwamin Lee
Summary: This study proposed machine learning models to predict acute respiratory failure in patients with acute pesticide poisoning. By handling missing values and outliers, selecting key features, and employing oversampling, the proposed long short-term memory model achieved high predictive accuracy.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Yaqian Li, Guangcai Yu, Longke Shi, Liwen Zhao, Zixin Wen, Baotian Kan, Wenjun Wang, Xiangdong Jian
Summary: This case report presents the diagnosis, management, and prognosis of a patient with severe methyl bromide poisoning, who developed respiratory failure and multiple organ failure leading to death.
JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL MEDICAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Manoj Kumar, Maasila Arcot Thanjan, Natarajan Gopalakrishnan, Dhanapriya Jeyachandran, Dineshkumar Thanigachalam, Sakthirajan Ramanathan
Summary: Snake bite-induced AKI in India has a 20.7% incidence rate, with mortality associated with shock and thrombocytopenia. Long-term adverse renal outcomes occurred in 48.8% of patients, with older age and longer duration on dialysis significantly linked to these outcomes.
POSTGRADUATE MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Review
Toxicology
Ali Mohammad Pourbagher-Shahri, Jonathan Schimmel, Farshad M. Shirazi, Samaneh Nakhaee, Omid Mehrpour
Summary: Fomepizole may offer benefits as an adjunct antidote for acetaminophen toxicity, although further confirmation is needed through human trials. While NAC remains the standard treatment, fomepizole may be considered as an off-label use by experienced clinicians in rare cases associated with increased risk of hepatotoxicity.
TOXICOLOGY LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Zhenzhen Sun, Qian Wang, Le Sun, Mengying Wu, Shuzhen Li, Hu Hua, Ying Sun, Tong Ni, Chunlei Zhou, Songming Huang, Aihua Zhang, Yue Zhang, Zhanjun Jia
Summary: This study revealed the important role of NEK7 in acetaminophen-induced acute liver injury. Reduced NEK7 exacerbates liver damage and provides protection against APAP-induced injury by regulating the cell cycle progression.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Rayanne Henrique Santana da Silva, Mariana de Moura, Larissa de Paula, Kelly Carolina Arantes, Marina da Silva, Jaqueline de Amorim, Marina Pacheco Miguel, Danieli Brolo Martins, Daniela de Melo e Silva, Marilia Martins Melo, Ana Flavia Machado Botelho
Summary: In this study, the hepatoprotective effects of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) against paracetamol (PAR) poisoning were analyzed. The results showed that the combined treatment of CoQ10 and NAC could alleviate liver damage caused by PAR intoxication, while NAC alone had limited effectiveness.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Ferit Celik, Nalan Gulsen Unal, Ali Senkaya, Seymur Aslanov, Murat Buyruk, Ilker Turan, Omer Ozutemiz, Zeki Karasu
Summary: The study investigated the characteristics of patients with mushroom-induced hepatotoxicity, with findings indicating potential progression from severe hepatitis to acute liver injury or acute liver failure. Survival rates were 100% in the ALI and SH groups, with a MELD score <15 potentially predicting no progression to ALI or ALF in patients with SH. However, close monitoring and advanced therapies may be necessary for cases of ALI at risk of progressing to ALF.
TURKISH JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Xin Hou, Qi Liu, Yimin Gao, Liang Yong, Huiyuan Xie, Wenting Li, Yuping Zhou, Jun Liu, Lijie Feng, Long Xu, Yuxian Shen, Hua Wang
Summary: The levels of mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor (MANF) were found to be elevated in drug-induced liver injury, and MANF plays an important role in immune regulation and liver repair. MANF may enhance IL-10 expression and phagocytosis in macrophages via the p38 MAPK pathway, promoting the phenotype conversion of inflammatory macrophages to pro-restorative macrophages.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Wenjian Yang, Seth E. Karol, Keito Hoshitsuki, Shawn Lee, Eric C. Larsen, Naomi Winick, William L. Carroll, Mignon L. Loh, Elizabeth A. Raetz, Stephen P. Hunger, Stuart S. Winter, Kimberly P. Dunsmore, Meenakshi Devidas, Mary Relling, Jun J. Yang
Summary: This study aimed to determine the genetic variants associated with hyperbilirubinemia and elevated ALT and AST levels in children, adolescents, and young adults treated for ALL. The results showed that UGT1A1 variant rs887829 and PNPLA3 variant rs738409 were associated with an increased risk of hyperbilirubinemia and elevated ALT and AST levels during ALL treatment.
