Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Mehdi Sheibani, Nasim Zamani, Amir Hushang Gerami, Hossein Akhondi, Hossein Hassanian-Moghaddam
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the clinical, laboratory, and electrocardiographic findings of colchicine poisoning and their correlation with respiratory/cardiovascular failure and death. The results showed that abdominal pain and hypotension at presentation were significantly correlated with mortality. Additionally, mortality was significantly associated with sinus tachycardia, hypokalemia, metabolic acidosis, and impaired liver and kidney function tests. All patients had some ECG abnormalities, with the most frequent being pathologic ST segment elevation and depression, left atrial enlargement, sinus tachycardia, PR elevation in aVR lead, and T wave inversion.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Mary E. Roth, Melissa E. Chinn, Steven P. Dunn, Kenneth C. Bilchick, Sula Mazimba
Summary: This study found that the use of colchicine to treat acute gout in patients with acute heart failure is associated with significantly lower in-hospital mortality rates.
CLINICAL CARDIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Piotr Lagosz, Jan Biegus, Szymon Urban, Robert Zymlinski
Summary: Cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) is a complex and heterogeneous spectrum of symptoms that has posed challenges for cardiologists for many years. The coexistence of heart failure (HF) and deteriorated renal function adds to these challenges and is a strong predictor of poor outcomes. However, with the development of new renal assessment methods, we now have the opportunity to treat CRS more effectively than ever before. This review focuses on explaining the pathophysiology, recent advances, and current practices of monitoring renal function in patients with acute CRS, aiming to improve patient care and guide treatment strategies.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Seonghwan Hwang, Amy Hicks, Chai Zhen Hoo, Yong Seong Kwon, Ye Eun Cho, Joanna Moore, Bin Gao
Summary: Acute liver failure (ALF) is a life-threatening condition characterized by rapidly progressing liver dysfunction, while acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) occurs in patients with existing chronic liver disease. Both conditions are associated with multiple organ failure and high short-term mortality. This review discusses the causes, pathogenesis, and current treatment options for ALF and ACLF, and explores the potential therapeutic use of interleukin-22 (IL-22), a cytokine that has shown promise in protecting against organ damage and reducing bacterial infection.
LIVER INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Pedro Fernandes Moura, Ines De Albuquerque Monteiro, Filipa S. Pinho, Pedro M. Neves, Pedro Sliveria
Summary: We report a case of severe multi-organ dysfunction caused by cocaine overdose. The patient, a healthy 51-year-old man, developed liver and kidney dysfunction after inhaling crack. He had marked hepatic cytolysis with elevated ALT and AST levels, along with mild coagulopathy and hyperbilirubinemia. Treatment with acetylcysteine and intermittent haemodialysis resulted in good clinical response and improvement of the patient's condition. This case highlights the importance of acetylcysteine in the management of severe multi-organ dysfunction.
CUREUS JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Abhi Dutta, Shubham Saha, Ajay Bahl, Anupam Mittal, Trayambak Basak
Summary: Cardiorenal syndrome is a broad spectrum disorder affecting the heart and kidneys. India has a high burden of acute cardiorenal syndrome, with 46.1% of patients diagnosed in India. Acute cardiorenal syndrome involves sudden kidney deterioration in acute heart failure patients. The pathophysiology includes hyperactivation of the sympathetic nervous system and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. Complications increase the risk of mortality, making it a global healthcare burden. Current biomarkers have limitations in early detection, highlighting the need for novel proteomic biomarkers to prevent progression.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
William Bernal, Constantine Karvellas, Faouzi Saliba, Fuat H. Saner, Philippe Meersseman
Summary: Acute-on-chronic liver failure syndrome involves liver function deterioration, extrahepatic organ failure, and high mortality rate, requiring rapid and coherent management in the intensive care unit to improve patient outcomes.
JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Alberto Aimo, Domingo A. Pascual Figal, Antoni Bayes-Genis, Michele Emdin, Georgios Georgiopoulos
Summary: Colchicine therapy significantly reduced the risk of cardiovascular events in CCS patients compared to placebo, and showed a trend towards reducing the risk in ACS patients as well. Additionally, colchicine tended to reduce the increase of hs-CRP levels compared to placebo.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Manoj Kumar, Maasila Arcot Thanjan, Natarajan Gopalakrishnan, Dhanapriya Jeyachandran, Dineshkumar Thanigachalam, Sakthirajan Ramanathan
Summary: Snake bite-induced AKI in India has a 20.7% incidence rate, with mortality associated with shock and thrombocytopenia. Long-term adverse renal outcomes occurred in 48.8% of patients, with older age and longer duration on dialysis significantly linked to these outcomes.
POSTGRADUATE MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Francois Durand, Olivier Roux, Emmanuel Weiss, Claire Francoz
Summary: Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is a disease characterized by rapid organ failure in patients with cirrhosis, with high mortality rates. The severity of ACLF can be classified into three grades, with grade 3 showing over 70% mortality within 28 days. While infections and bleeding are common causes, around 60% of ACLF cases have unidentified precipitating factors. Identifying high-risk cirrhosis patients and managing them carefully are crucial in preventing ACLF.
LIVER INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Osvely Mendez-Guerrero, Daniel A. Calle-Rodas, Eduardo Cervantes-Alvarez, Elisa Alatorre-Arenas, Juanita Perez-Escobar, Nalu Navarro-Alvarez, Aldo Torre
Summary: ACLF patients with renal and brain failure have significantly higher mortality rates, indicating that these factors are independent predictors of 28-and 90-day mortality.
ANNALS OF HEPATOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Peng Li, Xi Liang, Jinjin Luo, Jun Li
Summary: Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is a critical clinical entity characterized by acute decompensation, organ failure, and high mortality in patients with chronic liver disease. The pathophysiology of ACLF involves systemic inflammation, immune-metabolism disorder, mitochondrial dysfunction, and microenvironment imbalance. Omics-based analytical techniques offer novel insights into the mechanisms of ACLF and can identify potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets. This paper reviews the current knowledge and recent advances in ACLF definitions, criteria, prognostic assessments, and the application of omics-based analyses in understanding ACLF biology.
LIVER INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Seiko Yamakoshi, Takahiro Nakamura, Lusi Xu, Masahiro Kohzuki, Osamu Ito
Summary: Exercise training can protect renal function in patients with chronic kidney disease by reducing the generation of reactive oxygen species.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Di Zhang, Lei Li, Jun Li, YunLei Wei, Jian Tang, Xiaohua Man, Feng Liu
Summary: Colchicine treatment mitigates the severity of SAP-ALI in rats by inhibiting inflammation, oxidative stress, and cell apoptosis.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Carmine Gambino, Salvatore Piano, Paolo Angeli
Summary: ACLF is a syndrome that develops in patients with acutely decompensated chronic liver disease, characterized by high mortality, organ failures, and systemic inflammation. Different scientific societies have proposed diagnostic criteria and clinical characteristics for ACLF, along with established and experimental treatments. Further research is needed to better understand the pathophysiology of the syndrome and explore new therapies.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)