Article
Immunology
Cornelius J. Clancy, Deanna Buehrle, Michelle Vu, Marilyn M. Wagener, M. Hong Nguyen
Summary: Following revised clinical practice guidelines, there was a significant increase in the cumulative treatment courses of oral vancomycin and fidaxomicin, while a decrease in the treatment courses of oral metronidazole in the US. Monthly use of vancomycin significantly increased, and metronidazole significantly decreased after the publication of revised guidelines. The impact of revised guidelines in changing treatment practices for CDI was greater than clinical trial data establishing the superiority of vancomycin over metronidazole.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Eun Ju Oh, Jang Mook Kim, Jae Kyung Kim
Summary: This study analyzed the impact of climate factors on the incidence and severity of foodborne diseases, finding positive correlations between certain pathogens and variables such as sunshine intensity, wind-chill temperature, relative humidity, and particulate matter content. The findings may help predict relationships among climatic factors and inform environmental health policies, but further research involving large-scale data, molecular biology, and epidemiology is needed for effective prevention and management of foodborne bacterial infections.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Sergio Alvarez-Perez, Blanca Anega, Jose L. Blanco, Marta Hernandez, Marta E. Garcia
Summary: This study demonstrates the high effectiveness of fidaxomicin against C. perfringens strains from dogs and cats. Although fidaxomicin is considered critically important and not yet licensed for veterinary use, the results provide useful baseline data for tracking the emergence of fidaxomicin-resistant C. perfringens strains in the veterinary setting.
BMC VETERINARY RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jianfeng Dai, Jing Gong, Rui Guo
Summary: This study compared the treatment outcomes of fidaxomicin and vancomycin/metronidazole regimens in CDI patients, showing no significant differences in terms of clinical cure, sustained cure, recurrence, and all-cause mortality, but a higher risk of treatment failure in CDI patients receiving fidaxomicin.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Igori Balta, Mark Linton, Laurette Pinkerton, Carmel Kelly, Lavinia Stef, Ioan Pet, Ducu Stef, Adriana Criste, Ozan Gundogdu, Nicolae Corcionivoschi
Summary: The increasing antibiotic resistance in Campylobacter species highlights the need for novel antimicrobials that can inhibit virulence without causing resistance or host toxicity. Understanding the antibacterial potency and biological mechanisms of natural antimicrobials is crucial for combating bacterial virulence factors. Further research is necessary to evaluate the effectiveness of plant, animal, bacteria, and marine-derived antimicrobials as promising alternatives to antibiotics.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nader S. Abutaleb, Mohamed N. Seleem
Summary: Clostridioides difficile infections are a significant public health threat globally, and auranofin shows potential as a new effective anti-CDI agent.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Review
Microbiology
Chetna Dureja, Abiola O. Olaitan, Julian G. Hurdle
Summary: Antimicrobial resistance in Clostridioides difficile has significantly impacted patient care, but there are still many knowledge gaps in understanding the mechanisms of resistance.
CURRENT OPINION IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Jeremy Grossman, Jun Fan, Felicia Allard, Jane Moon, Luis A. Marcos
Summary: This article reports a fatal case of S. stercoralis hyperinfection in an immigrant from rural Ecuador and emphasizes the importance of screening for this parasite in the appropriate clinical scenarios. Various diagnostic methods are introduced to make the diagnosis of S. stercoralis more accessible to practitioners.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Fatmanur Demirbas, Enes Dertli, Muhammet Arici
Summary: This study detected the presence of Clostridium sporogenes and Clostridium tepidium strains in traditional Kashar cheese samples and found that Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis strains, derived from dairy, demonstrated anti-clostridial activity. The co-inoculum of these two strains showed a decrease in Cl. sporogenes numbers in Kashar cheese stored at 4°C.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Ronald G. Hall, Travis J. Cole, Chip Shaw, Carlos A. Alvarez
Summary: Fidaxomicin was found to be associated with a significantly lower risk of CDI recurrence compared to vancomycin in a matched cohort study.
Article
Parasitology
Lei Deng, Huiyi Tay, Guangneng Peng, Jonathan W. J. Lee, Kevin S. W. Tan
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence and subtype characteristics of Blastocystis in patients with suspicion of C. difficile infection in Singapore. The study found a Blastocystis positivity rate of 10.1%, with the predominant subtype being ST7. Co-infection of Blastocystis and C. difficile was observed in five patients, with subtypes ST7, ST1, and ST3 identified.
PARASITES & VECTORS
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Yogendra Bhaskar, Xiaoquan Su, Chenggang Xu, Jian Xu
Summary: The computational approach SLOFE can identify SRPS operons and predict their stoichiometry at a genome-wide scale using only DNA sequence, achieving an 80% accuracy in identifying SRPS operons in Clostridium cellulolyticum. SLOFE predicts transcript- and protein-level stoichiometry in operons encoding cellulosome complexes, ATP synthases, ABC transporter family proteins, and ribosomal proteins, surpassing existing in silico approaches in several bacteria species.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mao Hagihara, Tadashi Ariyoshi, Yasutoshi Kuroki, Shuhei Eguchi, Seiya Higashi, Takeshi Mori, Tsunemasa Nonogaki, Kenta Iwasaki, Makoto Yamashita, Nobuhiro Asai, Yusuke Koizumi, Kentaro Oka, Motomichi Takahashi, Yuka Yamagishi, Hiroshige Mikamo
Summary: CBM 588 enhances the antibacterial activity against C. difficile, reduces colon epithelial damage, and improves immunity through upregulating pathogen specific immunoglobulin A and enhancing gut epithelial barrier function to protect colon tissue from CDI.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Anne J. Gonzales-Luna, Andrew M. Skinner, Carolyn D. Alonso, Emilio Bouza, Oliver A. Cornely, Tim G. J. de Meij, Richard J. Drew, Kevin W. Garey, Dale N. Gerding, Stuart Johnson, Stacy A. Kahn, Haru Kato, Ciaran P. Kelly, Colleen R. Kelly, Larry K. Kociolek, Ed J. Kuijper, Thomas Louie, Thomas Riley, Thomas J. Sandora, Maria J. G. T. Vehreschild, Mark H. Wilcox, Erik R. Dubberke
Summary: With the approval and development of narrow-spectrum antibiotics for the treatment of Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI), the primary endpoint for treatment success of CDI antibiotic treatment trials has shifted from treatment response at end of therapy to sustained response 30 days after completed therapy. The current definition of a successful response to treatment (three or fewer unformed bowel movements [UBMs] per day for 1-2 days) has not been validated, does not reflect CDI management, and could impair assessments for successful treatment at 30 days. We propose new definitions to optimise trial design to assess sustained response. Primarily, we suggest that the initial response at the end of treatment be defined as (1) three or fewer UBMs per day, (2) a reduction in UBMs of more than 50% per day, (3) a decrease in stool volume of more than 75% for those with ostomy, or (4) attainment of bowel movements of Bristol Stool Form Scale types 1-4, on average, by day 2 after completion of primary CDI therapy (ie, assessed on day 11 and day 12 of a 10-day treatment course) and following an investigator determination that CDI treatment can be ceased.
LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tomasz Grenda, Anna Grenda, Piotr Domaradzki, Pawel Krawczyk, Krzysztof Kwiatek
Summary: Clostridium spp. is a large and heterogeneous genus of bacteria that can be classified into 19 clusters. Certain clusters, including C. butyricum strains, have been found to be beneficial for human health, while others are associated with pathogenic processes. The aim of this study is to review the potential use of Clostridium strains as probiotics, their positive impact on human health, and the risks associated with their pathogenic properties.
CURRENT ISSUES IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2022)