Article
Oncology
Almudena Zapatero, Ana Alvarez, Araceli Guerrero, Xavier Maldonado, Carmen Gonzalez San Segundo, Maria A. Cabeza, Carmen Martin de Vidales, Josep M. Sole, Agusti Pedro Olive, Francesc Casas, Ana Boladeras, Maria L. Vazquez de la Torre, Susana Vara, Felipe A. Calvo
Summary: The study found that additional serum testosterone suppression below 20 ng/dL did not necessarily lead to better outcomes compared to levels between 20-49 ng/dL in patients with localized prostate cancer. Time to testosterone recovery after androgen deprivation therapy and high-dose radiotherapy did not impact clinical failure.
RADIOTHERAPY AND ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Joshua D. Wallach, Yihong Deng, Rozalina G. McCoy, Sanket S. Dhruva, Jeph Herrin, Alyssa Berkowitz, Eric C. Polley, Kenneth Quinto, Charu Gandotra, William Crown, Peter Noseworthy, Xiaoxi Yao, Nilay D. Shah, Joseph S. Ross, Timothy D. Lyon
Summary: In this study using real-world data to emulate the ongoing PRONOUNCE trial, it was found that degarelix treatment for prostate cancer patients did not show significant differences in cardiovascular event risks compared to leuprolide.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Mallika Marar, Qi Long, Ronac Mamtani, Vivek Narayan, Neha Vapiwala, Ravi B. Parikh
Summary: This study investigated the differences in outcomes between African American and non-Hispanic White men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) who received first-line abiraterone therapy. The results showed that African American men had a higher overall survival when receiving first-line abiraterone compared to non-Hispanic White men. However, there was a difference in outcomes between the two groups for first-line enzalutamide treatment.
Article
Oncology
Daniel J. George, Fred Saad, Michael S. Cookson, Daniel R. Saltzstein, Ronald Tutrone, Alberto Bossi, Bruce Brown, Bryan Selby, Sophia Lu, David Buckley, Bertrand Tombal, Neal D. Shore
Summary: Subgroup and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic analyses of the HERO study demonstrated that relugolix had similar efficacy and safety profiles with and without concomitant enzalutamide or docetaxel in advanced prostate cancer treatment. These findings support the standard-of-care use of relugolix in combination with these agents.
CLINICAL GENITOURINARY CANCER
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
David Ka-Wai Leung, Peter Ka-Fung Chiu, Chi-Fai Ng, Jeremy Yuen-Chun Teoh
Summary: The management of castration-resistant prostate cancer has seen significant progress, with three novel hormonal agents showing survival benefits in non-metastatic patients and a wider range of management options being investigated for metastatic disease.
Article
Biology
Vanessa Sanchez-Martinez, Cristina Buigues, Rut Navarro-Martinez, Laura Garcia-Villodre, Noura Jeghalef, Maria Serrano-Carrascosa, Jose Rubio-Briones, Omar Cauli
Summary: This study found significant changes in cognitive assessment, depressive symptoms, and sleep quality in men with prostate cancer undergoing ADT after one year of treatment. However, there was no statistically significant relationship between cognitive performance and impaired sleep or depression results.
Article
Oncology
Francesco A. Mistretta, Stefano Luzzago, Andrea Conti, Elena Verri, Giulia Marvaso, Claudia Colla Ruvolo, Michele Catellani, Ettore Di Trapani, Gabriele Cozzi, Roberto Bianchi, Matteo Ferro, Giovanni Cordima, Antonio Brescia, Maria Cossu Rocca, Vincenzo Mirone, Barbara A. Jereczek-Fossa, Franco Nole, Ottavio de Cobelli, Gennaro Musi
Summary: In patients with oligometastatic prostate cancer, multimodality treatment compared to ADT alone showed lower cancer-specific mortality, metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer rates, and second-line therapy rates, as well as a lower rate of treatment-related adverse events.
Article
Oncology
Fatima Karzai, Stephanie M. Walker, Scott Wilkinson, Ravi A. Madan, Joanna H. Shih, Maria J. Merino, Stephanie A. Harmon, David J. VanderWeele, Lisa M. Cordes, Nicole Carrabba, John R. Bright, Nicolas T. Terrigino, Guinevere Chun, Marijo Bilusic, Anna Couvillon, Amy Hankin, Monique N. Williams, Rosina T. Lis, Huihui Ye, Peter L. Choyke, James L. Gulley, Adam G. Sowalsky, Baris Turkbey, Peter A. Pinto, William L. Dahut
Summary: For patients with localized intermediate- or high-risk prostate cancer, baseline mpMRI can help predict pathologic response, with low relative tumor burden at initial scan being most predictive of minimal residual disease or pathologic complete response. Tailoring patient selection based on these metrics may lead to improved outcomes in high-risk disease.
CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Andrology
Giovanni Corona, Sandra Filippi, Nicola Bianchi, Mauro Dicuio, Giulia Rastrelli, Sergio Concetti, Alessandra Sforza, Mario Maggi
Summary: ADT is the standard treatment for locally advanced or metastatic prostate cancer, but it is associated with increased cardiovascular and metabolic risks. Preclinical evidence suggests a direct role of ADT in worsened metabolic profile, while clinical data are insufficient to clarify the relationship between reduced testosterone and altered metabolism in ADT patients. All patients on ADT should be screened for cardiovascular risk factors and encouraged to make lifestyle modifications and engage in physical exercise.
WORLD JOURNAL OF MENS HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ulrich Sommer, Tiziana Siciliano, Celina Ebersbach, Alicia-Marie K. Beier, Matthias B. Stope, Korinna Joehrens, Gustavo B. Baretton, Angelika Borkowetz, Christian Thomas, Holger H. H. Erb
Summary: PSMA protein plays an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer, and the activation and inhibition of androgen receptor (AR) can affect PSMA protein levels. This study found that AR activation and inhibition affect PSMA protein levels through a possible non-canonical mechanism, and low PSMA expression rates may be necessary to increase PSMA protein through androgen deprivation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Urology & Nephrology
Sophia C. Kamran, Anthony L. Zietman
Summary: Over the past decade, advances in technology and understanding of biology have greatly improved radiation therapy for prostate cancer, leading to more personalized treatment options for individual patients.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tae Jin Kim, Young Hwa Lee, Kyo Chul Koo
Summary: The androgen receptor (AR) plays a crucial role in the development and progression of prostate cancer (PCa), and treatment for hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (HSPC) relies heavily on androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). Despite most patients progressing to castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), studies suggest that manipulating alternative molecular pathways can help improve current treatments and develop novel therapies for CRPC management.
Review
Oncology
A. B. Reiss, U. Saeedullah, D. J. Grossfeld, A. D. Glass, A. Pinkhasov, A. E. Katz
Summary: ADT is a preferred treatment for advanced prostate cancer, but it can lead to cognitive dysfunction possibly due to reduced testosterone support. While the direct causal relationship is not established, there is controversy surrounding the connection between ADT and neurocognitive deterioration. Studies on the protective mechanisms of androgens on neuronal integrity are discussed, along with lifestyle modifications to minimize cognitive issues in prostate cancer patients.
CLINICAL & TRANSLATIONAL ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sooraj Kakkat, Paramahansa Pramanik, Seema Singh, Ajay Pratap Singh, Chandrani Sarkar, Debanjan Chakroborty
Summary: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and complications are commonly observed in patients with prostate cancer (PCa) and can impact their clinical management. Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), the main treatment for PCa, has been shown to increase cardiovascular risks and metabolic syndromes. There is emerging evidence of a molecular link between PCa and CVDs, but it remains to be fully understood. This article explores the connection between PCa and CVDs, utilizing a comprehensive gene expression study and biological pathway analysis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Shabbir M. H. Alibhai, Henriette Breunis, Gregory Feng, Narhari Timilshina, Aaron Hansen, Padraig Warde, Richard Gregg, Anthony Joshua, Neil Fleshner, George Tomlinson, Urban Emmenegger
Summary: This study longitudinally examined cognitive function in older men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer undergoing treatment with docetaxel, abiraterone, enzalutamide, and radium Ra 223. The findings suggest that most older men do not experience significant cognitive decline in attention, executive function, and global cognition regardless of the treatment used.