Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jonatan Bagger, Magnus F. G. Grondahl, Asger Lund, Jens J. Holst, Tina Vilsboll, Filip K. Knop
Summary: The study showed that GLP-1 potentiated the glucagon-suppressive effect of glucose in a dose-dependent manner in healthy individuals and patients with type 2 diabetes. However, patients with type 1 diabetes were insensitive to the glucagonostatic effects of both glucose and GLP-1.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Yaqin Zhang, Ruofei Chen, Yangyang Jia, Mingwei Chen, Zongwen Shuai
Summary: The study revealed that the GLP-1R agonist exenatide has an effect on coagulation function and platelet aggregation in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, which is beneficial for reducing the risk of cardiovascular events.
DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jinfang Song, Na Li, Ruonan Hu, Yanan Yu, Ke Xu, Hongwei Ling, Qian Lu, Tingting Yang, Tao Wang, Xiaoxing Yin
Summary: This study aimed to explore the impact of genetic variants in the PPARD on the therapeutic efficacy of exenatide. The results showed that the PPARD rs2016520 and rs3777744 polymorphisms were associated with the efficacy of exenatide monotherapy, possibly through influencing insulin resistance through affecting the expression of GLP-1R. The findings suggest the importance of genetic variants in personalized medicine and treatment response prediction.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Avishai M. Tsur, Shir Hershkovich, Inbar Zucker, Miri Lutski, Orit Pinhas-Hamiel, Asaf Vivante, Maya Fischman, Ofer Amir, Jacob Rotchild, Hertzel C. Gerstein, Tali Cukierman-Yaffe, Limor Friedensohn, Ofri Mosenzon, Estela Derazne, Dorit Tzur, Amir Tirosh, Arnon Afek, Itamar Raz, Gilad Twig
Summary: The study found an association between adolescent stuttering and an increased risk of early-onset type 2 diabetes in men, with this association being stronger in later birth cohorts.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Samit Ghosal, Debasis Datta, Binayak Sinha
Summary: GLP1-RA treatment shows significant improvement in liver function, weight reduction, decrease in liver fat content, better glycemic control, and reduction in hepatic inflammation for patients with both T2D and NAFLD.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Carlos Bendicho-Lavilla, Iria Seoane-Viano, Francisco J. Otero-Espinar, Asteria Luzardo-Alvarez
Summary: This article discusses the challenges of subcutaneous administration of peptide-based therapeutics in diabetes treatment and provides an overview of formulations available for different routes of administration with improved bioavailability and reduced frequency of administration.
ACTA PHARMACEUTICA SINICA B
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Mariam Alatrach, Christina Agyin, Carolina Solis-Herrera, Olga Lavryneko, John Adams, Amalia Gastaldelli, Curtis Triplitt, Ralph A. DeFronzo, Eugenio Cersosimo
Summary: This study found that SGLT2 inhibitors have an effect on the increase of endogenous glucose production (EGP) in patients with type 2 diabetes after oral glucose intake. Despite elevated plasma insulin and glucagon, the stimulation of EGP was observed, suggesting that additional factors may be involved.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Annika Vestergaard Kvist, Mohamad I. Nasser, Peter Vestergaard, Morten Frost, Andrea M. Burden
Summary: A study in Denmark from 1997 to 2017 found that the incidence rates of fractures were higher in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes compared to those without diabetes, except for foot fractures. The incidence of hip fractures decreased by 35.2%, 47.0%, and 23.4% in patients with type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, and without diabetes, respectively, over the last 5 years. However, vertebral fractures increased by 14.8%, 18.5%, and 38.9% in the same groups. After age adjustment, patients with type 1 diabetes still had a higher risk of fractures compared to those without diabetes, while patients with type 2 diabetes had a risk similar to those without diabetes.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Lin Zhang, Yanjin Hu, Yu An, Qiu Wang, Jia Liu, Guang Wang
Summary: This study used a lipidomic approach to investigate lipid changes in response to treatment with exenatide in T2DM patients. The results showed that exenatide treatment can improve lipid metabolism, especially sphingomyelins, lysophosphatidylcholines, and lysophosphatidylethanolamines.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Emilie H. Zobel, Rasmus S. Ripa, Bernt J. von Scholten, Viktor Rotbain Curovic, Andreas Kjaer, Tine W. Hansen, Peter Rossing, Joachim Storling
Summary: Liraglutide has been found to exert anti-inflammatory effects in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of individuals with type 2 diabetes, with no significant presence of GLP-1 receptor expression. Further research is needed to clarify the indirect effects of liraglutide on PBMC gene expression and establish the anti-inflammatory potential of GLP-1 receptor agonists.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hideaki Kaneto, Tomohiko Kimura, Masashi Shimoda, Atsushi Obata, Junpei Sanada, Yoshiro Fushimi, Taka-aki Matsuoka, Kohei Kaku
Summary: Various transcription factors in the pancreas play important roles in pancreas development, differentiation of endocrine progenitor cells, and preservation of mature beta-cell function. In type 2 diabetes mellitus, the expression levels of insulin gene transcription factors are suppressed due to prolonged exposure to high glucose levels, leading to beta-cell failure. In addition, coronavirus infection directly infects beta-cells, causing cell death and reduced insulin secretion.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Han Liu, Suohui Zhang, Zequan Zhou, Mengzhen Xing, Yunhua Gao
Summary: In this study, two-layer sustained-release microneedles (TS-MNs) were successfully fabricated for the sustained delivery of exenatide (EXT). The TS-MNs showed good mechanical strength and could penetrate the skin for drug release. Moreover, the TS-MNs retained high drug activity during storage and had high relative bioavailability.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ju-Wei Hsu, Li-Chi Chen, Kai-Lin Huang, Shih-Jen Tsai, Ya-Mei Bai, Tung-Ping Su, Tzeng-Ji Chen, Mu-Hong Chen
Summary: Compared to adolescents with antidepressant-responsive depression, those with antidepressant-resistant depression have a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus. Clinicians should closely monitor risk factors related to type 2 diabetes in high-risk populations, especially in adolescents with antidepressant-resistant depression.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Mostafa Salama, Bridget K. Biggs, Ana Creo, Rose Prissel, Alaa Al Nofal, Seema Kumar
Summary: The prevalence of T2DM among children and adolescents, especially ethnic minorities, has significantly increased in the last two decades. Managing T2DM in adolescents is challenging due to various factors such as biological, socioeconomic, cultural, and psychological barriers. Weight reduction is crucial in T2DM management as it improves insulin sensitivity and glycemic status. A family-centered and culturally appropriate approach provided by a multidisciplinary team is essential to address the barriers to youth weight management in T2DM. Lifestyle interventions, pharmacotherapy, and bariatric surgery have shown efficacy in weight reduction in adolescents with T2DM. Emerging therapies for weight reduction in youth include digital technologies, newer GLP-1 agonists, and endoscopic procedures.
DIABETES METABOLIC SYNDROME AND OBESITY
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Kok-Hou Lok, Nicholas J. Wareham, Rajesh Sreedharan Nair, Chee Wun How, Lay-Hong Chuah
Summary: This paper discusses the expression of enteroendocrine L-cell hormones, nutrient-sensing mechanisms, and other physiological characteristics in patients with type 2 diabetes, explores L-cell targeted therapies, and provides a new direction for T2DM treatment.
PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2022)