Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Annalisa Schiepatti, Stiliano Maimaris, Suneil A. Raju, Olivia L. Green, Giulia Mantica, Amelie Therrien, David Flores-Marin, Justin Linden, Fernando Fernandez-Banares, Maria Esteve, Daniel Leffler, Federico Biagi, David S. Sanders
Summary: Objective Persistent villous atrophy (pVA), a condition where the intestinal lining remains damaged despite a gluten-free diet, has unclear significance in coeliac disease (CD). This study aimed to investigate the relationship between pVA and long-term outcomes and develop a scoring system to identify patients at risk of pVA. The results showed that patients with pVA had increased risk of complications and mortality. A 5-point score was developed to classify patients into low, intermediate, and high risk categories. Age at diagnosis, classic pattern of CD, lack of clinical response to GFD, and poor GFD adherence were identified as predictors for pVA.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Annalisa Schiepatti, David S. Sanders, Paola Baiardi, Giacomo Caio, Carolina Ciacci, Katri Kaukinen, Benjamin Lebwohl, Daniel Leffler, Georgia Malamut, Joseph A. Murray, Kamran Rostami, Alberto Rubio-Tapia, Umberto Volta, Federico Biagi
Summary: This study achieved a consensus on the definitions and diagnostic criteria for seronegative coeliac disease and chronic non-coeliac enteropathies in adults through the Delphi process.
Review
Cell Biology
Ian Brown, Mark Bettington, Christophe Rosty
Summary: Most nutrient absorption occurs in the proximal small intestine, and the main disorders leading to malabsorption are usually associated with morphological abnormalities in the duodenal mucosa, with coeliac disease being the most common example. Other factors can also cause similar inflammatory changes, but with subtle histological differences from coeliac disease.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Marco Vincenzo Lenti, Nicola Aronico, Paola Ilaria Bianchi, Carmela Cinzia D'Agate, Matteo Neri, Umberto Volta, Maria Gloria Mumolo, Marco Astegiano, Antonino Salvatore Calabro, Fabiana Zingone, Giovanni Latella, Antonio Di Sario, Antonio Carroccio, Carolina Ciacci, Francesco Luzza, Carmela Bagnato, Massimo Claudio Fantini, Luca Elli, Giovanni Cammarota, Antonio Gasbarrini, Piero Portincasa, Mario Andrea Latorre, Clarissa Petrucci, Claudia Quatraccioni, Chiara Iannelli, Nicoletta Vecchione, Carlo Maria Rossi, Giacomo Broglio, Gianluca Ianiro, Ilaria Marsilio, Stefano Bibbo, Beatrice Marinoni, Donatella Tomaselli, Ludovico Abenavoli, Riccardo Pilia, Giovanni Santacroce, Erica Lynch, Antonella Carrieri, Pasquale Mansueto, Margherita Gabba, Giacomo Alunno, Chiara Rossi, Francesca Onnis, Konstantinos Efthymakis, Nicola Cesaro, Marta Vernero, Federica Baiano Svizzero, Francesco Paolo Semeraro, Marco Silano, Alessandro Vanoli, Catherine Klersy, Gino Roberto Corazza, Antonio Di Sabatino
Summary: This study investigated the diagnostic delay in coeliac disease (CD) and identified patient-dependent and physician-dependent factors that contribute to the delay. It highlights the importance of implementing a proper screening strategy for CD.
DIGESTIVE AND LIVER DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Fernando Fernandez-Banares, Natalia Lopez-Palacios, Maria Corzo, Beatriz Arau, Mercedes Rubio, Marta Fernandez-Prieto, Eva Tristan, Mar Pujals, Sergio Farrais, Saul Horta, Juana Maria Hernandez, Marta Gomez-Perosanz, Pedro A. Reche, Maria Esteve, Concepcion Nunez
Summary: The study found significant differences in the percentage of CD8(+) and TCR gamma delta(+) cell subsets between CD patients and non-CD subjects after a 3-day gluten challenge. Measuring activated CD8(+) T cells provided highly accurate CD diagnosis with 95% specificity and 97% sensitivity, similar to IFN-gamma ELISPOT results.
Article
Pathology
Alexander Richardson, Stephanie Chu, Mary Agapides, Stephen Adelstein, Lucinda Wallman, Louise Wienholt
Summary: Coeliac disease is an autoimmune disorder caused by the ingestion of gluten containing foods in genetically susceptible individuals, with a worldwide prevalence of up to 1%. The only available treatment is a gluten-free diet. This study investigated the prevalence of a gluten-free diet in hospital clinic settings and the general population, and found that a significant number of individuals may be misdiagnosed for coeliac disease based on serological tests. Additionally, there was a higher proportion of females excluding gluten from their diet.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gaetana Paolella, Silvia Sposito, Antonio Massimiliano Romanelli, Ivana Caputo
Summary: Type 2 transglutaminase (TG2) is the main autoantigen in coeliac disease (CD) and plays a significant role in its pathogenesis. Research has focused on finding specific and potent inhibitors for TG2, which could be used as alternative therapeutics for CD instead of a lifelong gluten-free diet.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Anais Levescot, Georgia Malamut, Nadine Cerf-Bensussan
Summary: Coeliac disease is an immune enteropathy induced by genetic and environmental factors. The antigluten immune response and epithelial damage are key events in its pathogenesis, with the JAK/STAT pathway playing a crucial role. However, there are still many unanswered questions and challenges, such as the variability of the disease and improving the patients' quality of life.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Anupam Rej, David S. Sanders
Summary: Coeliac disease is a common autoimmune-mediated gastrointestinal disorder with a prevalence of around 1%, but many cases remain undiagnosed. The cornerstone of management is strict adherence to a gluten-free diet with support and education from a gastrointestinal dietitian, sometimes requiring re-evaluation of symptoms and repeat biopsies. Refractory CD affects a small subset of individuals and requires specialist intervention.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Michael McFarlane, Ramesh P. Arasaradnam, Beryl Reed, Emma Daulton, Alfian Wicaksono, Heena Tyagi, James A. Covington, Chuka Nwokolo
Summary: Coeliac disease patients can be distinguished from healthy individuals through the analysis of urinary volatile organic compounds (VOCs). This analysis method can also be used to monitor dietary compliance in coeliac disease patients.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Pilvi Laurikka, Laura Kivela, Kalle Kurppa, Katri Kaukinen
Summary: The systemic consequences of coeliac disease have a significant impact on the overall health of patients, affecting multiple organ systems including skeletal, reproductive, cardiovascular, and neurological systems. Early diagnosis and treatment with a gluten-free diet are beneficial for most conditions, but potential negative metabolic and psychosocial effects should be considered.
ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Fernando Fernandez-Banares, Beatriz Arau, Agnes Raga, Montserrat Aceituno, Eva Tristan, Anna Carrasco, Laura Ruiz, Albert Martin-Cardona, Pablo Ruiz-Ramirez, Maria Esteve
Summary: This study showed that a gluten-free diet is effective in treating patients with FBD, especially in those with a positive low-grade coeliac score and coeliac lymphogram.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Carlo Catassi, Elena F. Verdu, Julio Cesar Bai, Elena Lionetti
Summary: Coeliac disease is an autoimmune disorder primarily affecting the small intestine and caused by the ingestion of gluten. It has a complex immune response mechanism. The disease has diverse clinical symptoms, including gastrointestinal symptoms, extraintestinal manifestations, and subclinical cases. Diagnosis involves serological testing and small-intestinal biopsy, and treatment includes a gluten-free diet.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Iwona Kaliciak, Konstanty Drogowski, Aleksandra Garczyk, Stanislaw Kopec, Paulina Horwat, Pawel Bogdanski, Marta Stelmach-Mardas, Marcin Mardas
Summary: This study aimed to examine the changes in microbiota composition during a gluten-free diet in coeliac disease patients. The results showed that the abundance of Bifidobacterium was lower in CD patients on a gluten-free diet compared to healthy individuals and untreated CD patients, while the abundance of Bacteroides was higher in CD patients on a gluten-free diet.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Hugo A. Penny, Anupam Rej, Elisabeth M. R. Baggus, Sarah. H. Coleman, Rosalie Ward, Graeme Wild, Gerd Bouma, Nick Trott, John A. Snowden, Josh Wright, Simon S. Cross, Marios Hadjivassiliou, David S. Sanders
Summary: This study characterized the causes of non-responsive coeliac disease (NRCD) and provided contemporary mortality data in refractory coeliac disease (RCD). The study also found a high frequency of positive urine gluten immunogenic peptides (GIPs) in patients with RCD1, suggesting common gluten exposure in this group.
Letter
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Andrea Sorge, Gian Eugenio Tontini, Lucia Scaramella, Nicoletta Nandi, Flaminia Cavallaro, Maurizio Vecchi, Luca Elli
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Francesco Valitutti, Maureen M. Leonard, Victoria Kenyon, Monica Montuori, Pasqua Piemontese, Ruggiero Francavilla, Basilio Malamisura, Lorenzo Norsa, Angela Calvi, Maria Elena Lionetti, Mariella Baldassarre, Chiara Maria Trovato, Michela Perrone, Tiziana Passaro, Naire Sansotta, Marco Crocco, Annalisa Morelli, Lidia Celeste Raguseo, Federica Malerba, Luca Elli, Fernanda Cristofori, Carlo Catassi, Alessio Fasano, CD-GEMM Team
Summary: The purpose of this study was to identify potential serum biomarkers predicting the onset of celiac disease (CD) in at-risk children. The results showed that 73.6% of the children had an increase in anti-deamidated gliadin peptides (DGPs) IgG levels before their first seroconversion of anti-tissue transglutaminase (anti-tTG) IgA antibodies, indicating that anti-DGPs IgG may serve as an early preclinical biomarker predicting CD onset in children.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Elisa Farina, Paolo Cantu, Flaminia Cavallaro, Veronica Iori, Erik Rosa-Rizzotto, Maurizio Cavina, Gian Eugenio Tontini, Nicoletta Nandi, Lucia Scaramella, Romano Sassatelli, Roberto Penagini, Maurizio Vecchi, Luca Elli
Summary: The effectiveness of double-balloon enteroscope-assisted retrograde cholangiopancreatography (DBE-ERCP) in patients with surgically altered anatomy (SAA) was investigated. The study found that DBE-ERCP was successful in these challenging patients, and there has been improvement in the results over the years, suggesting the need for adequate training and centralization of patients in specialized centers.
DIGESTIVE AND LIVER DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Marco Vincenzo Lenti, Nicola Aronico, Paola Ilaria Bianchi, Carmela Cinzia D'Agate, Matteo Neri, Umberto Volta, Maria Gloria Mumolo, Marco Astegiano, Antonino Salvatore Calabro, Fabiana Zingone, Giovanni Latella, Antonio Di Sario, Antonio Carroccio, Carolina Ciacci, Francesco Luzza, Carmela Bagnato, Massimo Claudio Fantini, Luca Elli, Giovanni Cammarota, Antonio Gasbarrini, Piero Portincasa, Mario Andrea Latorre, Clarissa Petrucci, Claudia Quatraccioni, Chiara Iannelli, Nicoletta Vecchione, Carlo Maria Rossi, Giacomo Broglio, Gianluca Ianiro, Ilaria Marsilio, Stefano Bibbo, Beatrice Marinoni, Donatella Tomaselli, Ludovico Abenavoli, Riccardo Pilia, Giovanni Santacroce, Erica Lynch, Antonella Carrieri, Pasquale Mansueto, Margherita Gabba, Giacomo Alunno, Chiara Rossi, Francesca Onnis, Konstantinos Efthymakis, Nicola Cesaro, Marta Vernero, Federica Baiano Svizzero, Francesco Paolo Semeraro, Marco Silano, Alessandro Vanoli, Catherine Klersy, Gino Roberto Corazza, Antonio Di Sabatino
Summary: This study investigated the diagnostic delay in coeliac disease (CD) and identified patient-dependent and physician-dependent factors that contribute to the delay. It highlights the importance of implementing a proper screening strategy for CD.
DIGESTIVE AND LIVER DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Marco Pennazio, Emanuele Rondonotti, Edward J. Despott, Xavier Dray, Martin Keuchel, Tom Moreels, David S. Sanders, Cristiano Spada, Cristina Carretero, Pablo Cortegoso Valdivia, Luca Elli, Lorenzo Fuccio, Begona Gonzalez Suarez, Anastasios Koulaouzidis, Lumir Kunovsky, Deirdre McNamara, Helmut Neumann, Enrique Perez-Cuadrado-Martinez, Enrique Perez-Cuadrado-Robles, Stefania Piccirelli, Bruno Rosa, Jean-Christophe Saurin, Reena Sidhu, Ilja Tacheci, Erasmia Vlachou, Konstantinos Triantafyllou
Summary: According to the recommendations from ESGE, small-bowel capsule endoscopy is the recommended first-line examination for suspected small-bowel bleeding due to its excellent safety profile and patient tolerability. In cases of overt suspected small-bowel bleeding, small-bowel capsule endoscopy should be conducted as soon as possible, ideally within 48 hours after the bleeding episode to maximize diagnostic and therapeutic benefits. Routine second-look endoscopy before small-bowel capsule endoscopy is not recommended for patients with suspected small-bowel bleeding or iron-deficiency anemia. Conservative management is recommended for patients with suspected small-bowel bleeding and negative small-bowel capsule endoscopy. If lesions are identified, device-assisted enteroscopy can be used for confirmation and possibly treatment. Small-bowel capsule endoscopy is recommended as the first-line examination for patients with iron-deficiency anemia when small bowel evaluation is indicated. Small-bowel capsule endoscopy is also recommended in patients with suspected Crohn's disease and negative ileocolonoscopy findings, as well as in patients with unremarkable or nondiagnostic findings from dedicated small-bowel cross-sectional imaging if it is likely to influence patient management. A patency capsule should be used before small-bowel capsule endoscopy in patients with established Crohn's disease to decrease the capsule retention rate. Device-assisted enteroscopy can be used as an alternative to surgery for retrieving foreign bodies in the small bowel in patients without acute intestinal obstruction. Additionally, DAE-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (DAE-ERCP) is recommended as a first-line endoscopic approach to treat pancreaticobiliary diseases in patients with surgically altered anatomy, except for Billroth II patients.
Editorial Material
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Gian Eugenio Tontini, Alessandro Rimondi, Flaminia Cavallaro, Nicoletta Nandi, Lucia Scaramella, Maurizio Vecchi, Luca Elli
Article
Immunology
Ilaria Righi, Valentina Vaira, Letizia Corinna Morlacchi, Giorgio Alberto Croci, Valeria Rossetti, Francesco Blasi, Stefano Ferrero, Mario Nosotti, Lorenzo Rosso, Mario Clerici
Summary: This pilot study found that PD-1-expressing T lymphocytes were associated with acute rejection and the development of chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD) in lung transplant patients, indicating a central role of PD-1 in the pathogenesis of rejection.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Letter
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Andrea Sorge, Luca Elli
DIGESTIVE AND LIVER DISEASE
(2023)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Alessandro Rimondi, Andrea Sorge, Alberto Murino, Nicoletta Nandi, Lucia Scaramella, Maurizio Vecchi, Gian Eugenio Tontini, Luca Elli
Summary: This study conducted a systematic review of treatment options for Blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome (BRBNS), and found that endoscopy, surgery, and systemic drug therapy are feasible choices. Compared to endoscopy and surgery, endoscopic treatment requires more sessions to achieve complete eradication, and systemic drug therapy is favored as a second-line treatment after treatment failure or recurrence, but with more reported adverse events.
DIGESTIVE ENDOSCOPY
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Chris J. J. Mulder, Luca Elli, Benjamin Lebwohl, Govind K. Makharia, Kamran Rostami, Alberto Rubio-Tapia, Michael Schumann, Jason Tye-Din, Jonas Zeitz, Abdulbaqi Al-Toma
Summary: For patients with celiac disease, a gluten-free diet is necessary to resolve symptoms and minimize long-term morbidity. Follow-up care should involve a multidisciplinary approach, improved access through telemedicine, and adherence to guidelines informed by evidence-based research. However, data is lacking on optimal clinic visit intervals and outcomes, as well as quality indicators and resource utilization.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Chiara Verdelli, Giulia Stefania Tavanti, Irene Forno, Valentina Vaira, Riccardo Maggiore, Leonardo Vicentini, Paolo Dalino Ciaramella, Francesca Perticone, Giovanni Lombardi, Sabrina Corbetta
Summary: This study found that osteocalcin (OC), a bone matrix protein, can modulate the function of parathyroid tumor cells by activating the calcium sensing receptor (CASR). OC reduces the activity of pERK/ERK and increases the levels of active beta-catenin through CASR activation. It also affects the expression of related genes to influence the physiological functions of parathyroid tumor cells.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Annamaria Morotti, Francesco Gentile, Gianluca Lopez, Giulia Passignani, Luca Valenti, Marco Locatelli, Manuela Caroli, Claudia Fanizzi, Stefano Ferrero, Valentina Vaira
Summary: In this study, the differences in the epigenome of brain metastasis from colon cancer and lung cancer were analyzed and compared with primary tumors. The results show that colon tumors have a higher degree of genome-wide methylation compared to lung cancers. Brain metastasis from lung cancer deeply activates neural signatures, while colon brain metastases show activation of metabolic signaling. These signatures are specific for metastatic tumors and shed light on the epi/molecular mechanisms that colon and lung cancers adopt to thrive in the brain environment.
Editorial Material
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Nicoletta Nandi, Gian Eugenio Tontini, Lucia Scaramella, Andrea Sorge, Tommaso Pessarelli, Matilde Topa, Luca Elli
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Matilde Topa, Nicoletta Nandi, Lucia Scaramella, Michele Puricelli, Marco Pennazio, Reena Sidhu, David S. Sanders, Gian Eugenio Tontini, Roberto Penagini, Maurizio Vecchi, Luca Elli
Summary: This study assessed the clinical impact of videocapsule endoscopy (VCE) and double-balloon enteroscopy (DBE) in patients with indications other than suspected small bowel bleeding (OSBB), and compared them to a control group of suspected small bowel bleeding (SSBB) patients. The results showed that VCE and DBE are effective and safe in patients with indications other than suspected small bowel bleeding, similar to their role in suspected small bowel bleeding patients.
THERAPEUTIC ADVANCES IN GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Vincenza Lombardo, Alice Scricciolo, Andrea Costantino, Luca Elli, Giorgia Legnani, Angel Cebolla, Luisa Doneda, Federica Mascaretti, Maurizio Vecchi, Leda Roncoroni
Summary: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of urinary gluten immunogenic peptides (uGIP) in the follow-up of celiac disease (CD). The results showed that uGIP test can accurately assess the adherence to gluten-free diet and correlated significantly with duodenal biopsy results.
