Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Kaleen N. Hayes, Ulrike Baschant, Barbara Hauser, Andrea M. Burden, Elizabeth M. Winter
Summary: GIOP, caused by chronic GC therapy, can lead to fractures in up to 40% of patients if untreated. Low awareness among clinicians and lack of clear guidelines on when to start and stop anti-osteoporosis treatment are major barriers to preventing fractures in patients with GC use. This review summarizes current evidence and provides considerations for the duration of anti-osteoporosis treatment in GC patients.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Punchalee Kaenmuang, Warangkana Keeratichananont, Sarayut Lucien Geater, Nicha Chantamanee, Piyaporn Srikaew
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and potential predictors of osteoporosis in COPD patients. The results showed a high prevalence of osteoporosis in COPD patients, with advanced age, lower BMI, history of exacerbation, and high CRP levels being potential predictors. COPD patients without treatment exhibited a rapid decline in bone mineral density.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Respiratory System
Dave Singh
Summary: Pharmacological treatment for COPD has moved towards a personalized approach, integrating clinical and biomarker information to optimize treatment decisions for individuals. Blood eosinophil counts have been adopted as a biomarker to predict responses to ICS in COPD patients. The development of novel inhaled combination treatments has provided valuable evidence to guide the use of different classes of combination treatments.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Lijiao Zhang, Yongchang Sun
Summary: Sarcopenia and osteoporosis are common musculoskeletal comorbidities of COPD, affecting the quality of life and prognosis. Muscle and bone act as endocrine organs by producing myokines and osteokines, regulating functions. Myokines and osteokines play significant roles in COPD, potentially leading to muscle dysfunction and bone loss.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Frederick Vogel, Leah Braun, German Rubinstein, Stephanie Zopp, Andrea Osswald, Katharina Schilbach, Ralf Schmidmaier, Martin Bidlingmaier, Martin Reincke
Summary: This study evaluated the phenotype in patients with endogenous Cushing's syndrome treated with metformin. The results indicate potential protective effects of metformin on bone metabolism in patients with endogenous glucocorticoid excess, while no significant differences were observed in terms of muscle function and body composition.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Surgery
Owen Tsung Wen Ho, Winston Cheng Ann Ng, Zachariah Gene Wing Ow, Yeung Jek Ho, Wen Hui Lim, Jie Ning Yong, Renaeta Shiqi Wang, Keng Lin Wong, Cheng Han Ng, Mark D. Muthiah, Claire Min-Li Teo
Summary: Both oral and IV bisphosphonates are effective in reducing fracture incidence post-OLT compared to calcium and vitamin D. Oral formulations may also have an advantage over IV in reducing bone loss and fracture incidence post-OLT.
TRANSPLANT INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Xiaofen Huang, Xiaoqiu Wu
Summary: The study on patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease revealed that bone mineral density and bone metabolism marker levels can effectively predict secondary osteoporosis in these patients. Through various comparisons and correlations, the study emphasized the significance of bone health in patients with COPD.
INDIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Ianthe Piscaer, Rob Janssen, Frits M. E. Franssen, Leon J. Schurgers, Emiel F. M. Wouters
Summary: Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) often have multiple co-occurring conditions and systemic manifestations. Vitamin A, vitamin D, and vitamin K are all potentially involved in COPD pathogenesis. In this review, the potential role of vitamin K in the systemic manifestations of COPD is discussed, including its effects on prevalent co-occurring chronic conditions such as cardiovascular disorders, chronic kidney disease, osteoporosis, and sarcopenia. Recommendations for future clinical studies are also provided.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Jinyoung Kim, Chaiho Jeong, Jeongmin Lee, Jeonghoon Ha, Ki-Hyun Baek, Seohyun Kim, Tai Joon An, Chan Kwon Park, Hyoung Kyu Yoon, Jeong Uk Lim
Summary: This study discusses the common complications associated with bone metastases in lung cancer patients and the efficacy of bone-modifying agents in reducing skeletal-related events and improving outcomes. It also explores the combined effects of bone-modifying agents with radiotherapy or immunotherapy.
SEMINARS IN ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Rui Jiang, Shuanglin Mou, Feng Luo, Zheng Zhang
Summary: This study assessed the causal relationship between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and bone mineral density (BMD) in different anatomical locations. The results showed that COPD was negatively associated with heel BMD, but not with lumbar spine BMD, forearm BMD, and femoral neck BMD. There was no evidence that the loss of BMD increases the risk of COPD.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Mary E. Walsh, Mari Nerdrum, Tom Fahey, Frank Moriarty
Summary: Initiation of bone-health medication in older patients is associated with factors such as female sex, older age, state-funded health cover, and osteoporosis. High fracture risk for hip and all fractures, previous fracture, rheumatoid arthritis, corticosteroid use, and certain comorbidities are also associated with medication initiation. Undertreatment remains a concern, particularly in older patients with multiple conditions.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Alessandro Celi, Manuela Latorre, Pierluigi Paggiaro, Riccardo Pistelli
Summary: Studies support the use of ICS combined with LABD in COPD treatment, showing a reduction in mortality rates. The combination therapy of ICS/LAMA/LABA for severe COPD patients is effective in reducing mortality risk. Pharmacological treatment not only improves symptoms and reduces exacerbation frequency, but also shows promising results in improving patient prognosis in the long term.
THERAPEUTIC ADVANCES IN CHRONIC DISEASE
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Marija Gredic, Isabel Blanco, Gabor Kovacs, Zsuzsanna Helyes, Peter Ferdinandy, Horst Olschewski, Joan Albert Barbera, Norbert Weissmann
Summary: This article summarizes the pathophysiology and treatment options for PH in COPD patients, pointing out that current research still does not fully understand its underlying mechanisms, and some of the treatment methods tested in clinical settings have not been effective. Preclinical studies have proposed some treatment approaches.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Stephanie A. Christenson, Benjamin M. Smith, Mona Bafadhel, Nirupama Putcha
Summary: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a global health problem that leads to high morbidity, mortality, and healthcare utilization. Its main causes are exposure to harmful particles, such as tobacco smoke and pollutants. Recent research has shown that various factors throughout the life course increase the risk of developing COPD. Innovations in omics and imaging techniques have provided greater understanding of the disease's pathophysiology, potentially leading to advancements in its prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. This review focuses on recent advances in the epidemiology, pathophysiology, imaging, diagnosis, and treatment of COPD.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Giovanni Adami, Davide Gatti, Maurizio Rossini, Alessandro Giollo, Matteo Gatti, Francesco Bertoldo, Eugenia Bertoldo, Amy S. Mudano, Kenneth G. Saag, Ombretta Viapiana, Angelo Fassio
Summary: Certain diseases requiring glucocorticoids are independently associated with an increased risk of fractures. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and neurological diseases are associated with both vertebral and non-vertebral fracture risk, while rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are only associated with non-vertebral fractures.
Letter
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Lars Christian Lund, Mikkel Hojlund, Daniel Pilsgaard Henriksen, Jesper Hallas, Kasper Bruun Kristensen
PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY AND DRUG SAFETY
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Mikkel Hojlund, Jane Sterndorff Winkel, Mads Nybo, Jesper Hallas, Daniel Pilsgaard Henriksen, Per Damkier
Summary: The use of lithium, especially long-term, is associated with an increased risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, the extent to which detection bias and confounding by indication contribute to this association remains unclear.
BASIC & CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Joris J. Komen, Anton Pottegard, Aukje K. Mantel-Teeuwisse, Tomas Forslund, Paul Hjemdahl, Bjorn Wettermark, Jesper Hallas, Morten Olesen, Marion Bennie, Tanja Mueller, Raymond Carragher, Oystein Karlstad, Lars J. Kjerpeseth, Olaf H. Klungel
Summary: Observational data suggests that NOAC treatment may have a positive net clinical benefit compared with no treatment or VKA treatment in low stroke risk patients.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Scott Martin Vouri, Earl J. Morris, Grace Hsin-Min Wang, Alyaa Hashim Jaber Bilal, Jesper Hallas, Daniel Pilsgaard Henriksen
Summary: This study used large administrative health care databases to assess the prescribing cascade of gabapentinoids, edema, and loop diuretics in two countries. Evidence of this cascade was found, indicating a potential overuse of loop diuretics in patients using gabapentinoids.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Mikkel Hojlund, Henrik Stovring, Kjeld Andersen, Christoph U. Correll, Jesper Hallas
Summary: The study investigated the association between low-dose off-label quetiapine and changes in metabolic parameters. The results showed that low-dose quetiapine was associated with increased triglycerides and decreased high-density lipoprotein in all subjects, as well as increased HbA1c, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein among those with normal baseline values.
ACTA PSYCHIATRICA SCANDINAVICA
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Mikkel Hojlund, Larus S. Gudmundsson, Jacob H. Andersen, Leena K. Saastamoinen, Helga Zoega, Svetlana O. Skurtveit, Jonas W. Wastesson, Jesper Hallas, Anton Pottegard
Summary: The use of benzodiazepines and related drugs has decreased in the Nordic countries from 2004 to 2020, with significant differences between countries. Despite warnings, benzodiazepines are still commonly used in the older population.
BASIC & CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & TOXICOLOGY
(2023)
Letter
Neurosciences
Mikkel Hojlund, Kjeld Andersen, Martin T. Ernst, Christoph U. Correll, Jesper Hallas
ACTA NEUROPSYCHIATRICA
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Lars Christian Lund, Patricia Hjorslev Jensen, Anton Pottegard, Morten Andersen, Nicole Pratt, Jesper Hallas
Summary: Using Danish nationwide health registries, researchers identified 70 drug-diabetes associations, of which 27 were previously unknown. These findings are important for understanding the drugs that can cause diabetes.
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Letter
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Lars Christian Lund, Jesper Hallas
PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY AND DRUG SAFETY
(2023)
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Per Damkier, Brian Cleary, Jesper Hallas, Jesper H. H. Schmidt, Louise Ladebo, Peter B. B. Jensen, Lars Christian Lund
Summary: This study compared the occurrence of sudden sensorineural hearing loss after immunization with BNT162b2 (Comirnaty; Pfizer BioNTech) or mRNA-1273 (Spikevax; Moderna) vaccines to unvaccinated individuals. The results showed that there was no association between these vaccines and the occurrence of sudden sensorineural hearing loss, but there was a slightly increased risk of receiving moderate to high-dose prednisolone treatment after visiting an ear-nose-throat specialist.
OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD AND NECK SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Soren Bie Bogh, Soren Fryd Birkeland, Sebrina Maj-Britt Hansen, Olga Alexandrovna Tchijevitch, Jesper Hallas, Lars Morso
Summary: Analyzing patient complaints can help identify potential areas for improvement in hospitals, including quality, safety, institutional, and environmental issues. Disproportionality analysis of complaints is a valuable tool for systematically monitoring patient concerns.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR QUALITY IN HEALTH CARE
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Martin Torp Rahbek, Lars Christian Lund, Jesper Hallas
Summary: Using observational data, we found that liraglutide, a GLP1-RA, may have a collateral drug benefit of reducing bile acid diarrhea.
PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY AND DRUG SAFETY
(2023)
Letter
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Martin Torp Rahbek, Jesper Hallas, Lars Christian Lund
PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY AND DRUG SAFETY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Thomas Delvin, Anette Bygum, Lars Christian Lund, Jacob Harbo Andersen, Jesper Hallas
Summary: This study applied the waiting time distribution (WTD) method to screen for aberrant drug use in dermatology drugs in Denmark. The findings showed that most drugs are used as intended, with few unexpected use patterns identified. Further investigation and follow-up are needed for the identified signals of inappropriate use.
PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY AND DRUG SAFETY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Morten Schmidt, Jesper Hallas, Martin Thomsen Ernst, Anton Pottegard
Summary: This study explored whether the cardiovascular risks associated with the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) differ between patients continuing and initiating use after first-time myocardial infarction (MI) or heart failure (HF). The results showed that initiators of NSAIDs were more susceptible to adverse cardiovascular outcomes than continuing users.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL-CARDIOVASCULAR PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)