Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Xiaotong Xia, Nianxu Huang, Boxia Li, Yan Li, Lang Zou, Dongdong Yuan, Banghua Huang, Yufei Bei, Yuxin Liu, Jinglan Fu, Tingting Wu, Wenjun Chen, Shaojun Jiang, Meina Lv, Jinhua Zhang
Summary: This study systematically investigated genetic and non-genetic factors affecting warfarin dose in the Chinese Han population. The pharmacogenomic dose prediction model constructed in this study can predict the anticoagulant efficacy of warfarin and has potential application value in clinical practice.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Hematology
Weam Aldiban, Yara Altawil, Samir Hussein, Majd Aljamali, Lama A. Youssef
Summary: This article reports a rare case of hyper-responsive phenotype to warfarin in a patient with heterozygous CYP2C9 * 1 * 46 polymorphism.
THROMBOSIS JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jia X. Li, Moo H. Kim, Kai Song, Long Z. Guo, En Z. Jin, Soo J. Kim, Kwang M. Lee, Victor Serebruany
Summary: The study found that Korean patients require lower warfarin doses than Caucasians, potentially due to genetic polymorphism differences.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF THERAPEUTICS
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
DeWayne P. Williams, Julian F. Thayer, James D. Halbert, Xiaoling Wang, Gaston Kapuku
Summary: The study found that African Americans and European Americans differ in hemodynamics underlying long-term blood pressure regulation. Over 6 years, African Americans show total peripheral resistance-mediated increases in blood pressure compared to European Americans. Higher heart rate variability predicts lower blood pressure and total peripheral resistance 6 years later in European Americans but not African Americans.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Emilio Itamar de Freitas Campos, Karina Braga Gomes, Daniel Dias Ribeiro, Marja Kaarina Puurunen, Aline deOliveira Magalhaes Mourao, Isadora Goncalves Ferreira, Manoel Otavio da Costa Rocha, Renan Pedra de Souza, Maria Auxiliadora Parreiras Martins
Summary: This study investigated the impact of polymorphisms in CYP2C9, VKORC1, MDR1, and APOE genes on the mean weekly warfarin maintenance dose in adults. The results showed that age, use of amiodarone, and specific genotypes were associated with a reduced warfarin dose.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kit K. Elam, Thao Ha, Zoe Neale, Fazil Aliev, Danielle Dick, Kathryn Lemery-Chalfant
Summary: The study investigated how genetic influences on alcohol use varied by age over a 15 year period within a diverse ethnic/racial sample of adolescents. Results showed that polygenic risk for alcohol use was associated with alcohol use at different age ranges in African American and European American samples, highlighting the intersection of alcohol use and developmental genetic effects in diverse populations.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Editorial Material
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Mwada Jallul, Inas Alhudiri, Laith Al-Eitan, Adam Elzagheid
Summary: It is widely accepted that pharmacogenomics information from Asia and Europe should not be applied to Africa. More research is needed to create population-specific algorithms for different ethnic groups to ensure safe and effective use.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Honghong Zhang, Cristina Alarcon, Larisa H. H. Cavallari, Edith Nutescu, Gemma L. L. Carvill, Minoli A. A. Perera, Wenndy Hernandez
Summary: This study conducted the first genome-wide analysis of copy number variants (CNVs) in African Americans, revealing CNVRs associated with warfarin dose requirement and VTE risk.
CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Muhammad Bilal Ghafoor, Faiza Yasmeen, Abdul Wadood Khalid, Ghulam Mustafa, Shagufta Khaliq, Shahida Mohsin
Summary: This study aimed to observe the vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 1-1639 G>A polymorphism in patients resistant to warfarin therapy and determine its allele frequency in the local population. The results showed that this polymorphism alone is not the dominant genetic factor associated with warfarin response variability.
JOURNAL OF THE PAKISTAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Nihal El Rouby, Mohamed H. Shahin, Loulia Bader, Sherief I. Khalifa, Hazem Elewa
Summary: This study is the first genomewide association study in the MENA region to identify genetic variants associated with warfarin dose variability. The results confirm the importance of VKORC1 and CYP2C9 variants in warfarin dose variability among patients from the MENA region.
CTS-CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Hematology
Maria A. Ruiz, Binal N. Shah, Guohui Ren, Faiz Hussain, Franklin Njoku, Roberto F. Machado, Victor R. Gordeuk, Santosh L. Saraf
Summary: This study finds that different isoforms of the Haptoglobin gene are associated with cell-free hemoglobin concentrations and complications related to sickle cell disease. The HP 1 allele is associated with higher Haptoglobin concentrations and lower cell-free hemoglobin concentrations, as well as a lower risk of multiorgan failure during acute chest syndrome.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Raavi Gupta, Raag Agrawal, Zaheer Bukhari, Absia Jabbar, Donghai Wang, John Diks, Mohamed Alshal, Dokpe Yvonne Emechebe, F. Charles Brunicardi, Jason M. Lazar, Robert Chamberlain, Aaliya Burza, M. A. Haseeb
Summary: African-American/Black COVID-19 patients in a predominantly Black neighborhood in New York City had higher in-hospital mortality rates, likely due to higher prevalence of comorbidities, older age, and elevated levels of key laboratory indicators. Early dialysis and pre-admission intake of ACE inhibitors/ARBs were associated with improved patient outcomes. Early escalation of care based on comorbidities and key laboratory indicators is critical for improving outcomes in African-American patients.
BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Laurens Holmes, Malik A. Williams, Daniel R. Halloran, Jacqueline A. Benson, Nastocia T. Bafford, Kadedrah Parson, Kirk Dabney, Betyna N. Berice
Summary: The study found higher cumulative incidence among white children with lymphoma, while higher mortality rates were observed in Black/African American children. The survival disadvantage among Black/AA children relative to whites can be explained by urbanity and median household income.
JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Kaitlyn E. Stepler, Taneisha R. Gillyard, Calla B. Reed, Tyra M. Avery, Jamaine S. Davis, Rena A. S. Robinson
Summary: African American/Black adults have a higher risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) compared to non-Hispanic White adults, partially due to genetic factors. The ABCA7 gene is more strongly associated with AD risk in individuals of African ancestry and its dysfunction is related to major pathological mechanisms of AD.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
M. Yu. Kolesnyk, Ya. M. Mykhailovskyi
Summary: The study evaluated the efficacy and safety of using pharmacogenetic dosing method in warfarin therapy for patients with atrial fibrillation. Patients in the genotype-guided dosing group had significantly lower frequency and risk of excessive coagulation episodes and bleeding compared to those in the clinical dosing group.
ZAPOROZHYE MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Julia C. F. Quintanilha, Jin Wang, Alexander B. Sibley, Chen Jiang, Amy S. Etheridge, Fei Shen, Guanglong Jiang, Flora Mulkey, Jai N. Patel, Daniel L. Hertz, Elizabeth Claire Dees, Howard L. McLeod, Monica Bertagnolli, Hope Rugo, Hedy L. Kindler, William Kevin Kelly, Mark J. Ratain, Deanna L. Kroetz, Kouros Owzar, Bryan P. Schneider, Danyu Lin, Federico Innocenti
Summary: A genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analysis was conducted in European ancestry bevacizumab-treated patients, identifying significant SNPs associated with hypertension and proteinuria, providing new markers for predicting toxicities induced by bevacizumab.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Rachel A. Myers, Thomas L. Ortel, Alexander Waldrop, Sandeep Dave, Geoffrey S. Ginsburg, Deepak Voora
Summary: The study demonstrates a dose-independent effect of aspirin on the platelet transcriptome, potentially acting as an inhibitor of protein synthesis, and correlated with platelet function levels.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Kevin A. Friede, Rachel A. Myers, Jordan Gales, Ilya Zhbannikov, Thomas L. Ortel, Svati H. Shah, William E. Kraus, Geoffrey S. Ginsburg, Deepak Voora
Summary: Gene expression biosignatures can be used to personalize antiplatelet therapy and predict the risk of adverse cardiovascular events. The ARS score, calculated based on the response of pro-thrombotic gene transcripts to antiplatelet drugs, is also associated with the risk of bleeding events.
CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Mark Biagi, Michelle Lee, Tiffany Wu, Aisha Shajee, Shitalben Patel, Lalitagauri M. Deshpande, Rodrigo E. Mendes, Eric Wenzler
Summary: This study evaluated the in vitro activity of aztreonam plus imipenem-relebactam against clinical and isogenic strains of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae co-harboring NDM and >1 serine beta-lactamase. The results suggest that aztreonam plus imipenem-relebactam may be a viable treatment option for these resistant strains.
DIAGNOSTIC MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Olivia M. Dong, Kevin A. Friede, Catherine Chanfreau-Coffinier, Deepak Voora
Summary: CYP2C19-guided P2Y(12) inhibitor selection can improve cardiovascular outcomes and reduce costs for Veterans post-ACS/PCI within 12 months.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL-QUALITY OF CARE AND CLINICAL OUTCOMES
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Karen D. Garay Buenrostro, Keila C. Ostos Mendoza, Pinal N. Kanabar, Nina S. Los, Temitope O. Lawal, Shitalben M. Patel, Alice M. Lopez, Paulina Cabada-Aguirre, Nishikant A. Raut, Mark Maienschein-Cline, Zarema Arbieva, Gail B. Mahady
Summary: This study found that combinations of vitamins A and D reduced tumor burden in mice and altered the expression of miRNAs directly associated with genes in apoptosis, tumor suppression, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition pathways. These results suggest that vitamin A and D combinations may be more effective in the treatment and prevention of cancer, as well as reducing cancer metastasis.
FUNCTIONAL FOODS IN HEALTH AND DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Roseann S. Gammal, Munir Pirmohamed, Andrew A. Somogyi, Sarah A. Morris, Christine M. Formea, Amanda L. Elchynski, Kazeem A. Oshikoya, Howard L. McLeod, Cyrine E. Haidar, Michelle Whirl-Carrillo, Teri E. Klein, Kelly E. Caudle, Mary Relling
Summary: Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is associated with the development of acute hemolytic anemia in the presence of oxidative stress. This guideline provides information on using G6PD genotype for diagnosing G6PD deficiency and categorizes medications based on their risk level in individuals with G6PD deficiency. High-risk medications should be avoided, medium-risk medications should be used with caution, and low-risk medications can be used without considering the G6PD phenotype.
CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Andrology
Qian Hu, Jiali Hu, Cuiyu Chen, Yang Wang, Yu Zhang, Jielin Wan, Ouyang Jing, Hanying Yi, Shiyu Wang, Weihua Huang, Jie Liu, Wei Zhang, Howard L. McLeod, Ran Xu, Yijing He
Summary: The study found that propranolol can inhibit the growth of bladder cancer cells and induce apoptosis. It also inhibits bladder cancer growth in a mouse model. Propranolol also activates systemic antitumor immune response.
TRANSLATIONAL ANDROLOGY AND UROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Dongya Shen, Jia Luo, Ling Chen, Wenjuan Ma, Xiaoyuan Mao, Yu Zhang, Juyan Zheng, Yang Wang, Jielin Wan, Shiyu Wang, Jing Ouyang, Hanying Yi, Dongbo Liu, Weihua Huang, Wei Zhang, Zhaoqian Liu, Howard L. McLeod, Yijing He
Summary: In cancer cells, the PARP-1 and PARP2 proteins regulate DNA repair pathways to protect against therapy-induced DNA damage and cell death. Combining PARP inhibitors (PARPis) with radiotherapy has been effective in clinical trials, but the mechanisms underlying their action are still unclear. This study reveals that the activation of cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) signaling by ionizing radiation (IR)-induced DNA damage leads to regulated cell death, known as ferroptosis, and an anti-tumor immune response. Additionally, a widely used PARPi called niraparib enhances cGAS-mediated ferroptosis and immune activation. The depletion of cGAS expression compromises IR-induced ferroptosis and reverses the infiltration of CD8(+) T cells in colorectal cancer models. High expression of cGAS, ATF3, and PTGS2, as well as a high density of CD8(+) T cells, is associated with a significantly higher disease-free survival rate in patients with rectal cancer after standard radiotherapy.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Nephi A. Walton, Brent Hafen, Sara Graceffo, Nykole Sutherland, Melanie Emmerson, Rachel Palmquist, Christine M. Formea, Maricel Purcell, Bret Heale, Matthew A. Brown, Christopher J. Danford, Sumathi I. Rachamadugu, Thomas N. Person, Katherine A. Shortt, G. Bryce Christensen, Jared M. Evans, Sharanya Raghunath, Christopher P. Johnson, Stacey Knight, Viet T. Le, Jeffrey L. Anderson, Margaret Van Meter, Teresa Reading, Derrick S. Haslem, Ivy C. Hansen, Betsey Batcher, Tyler Barker, Travis J. Sheffield, Bhaskara Yandava, David P. Taylor, Pallavi Ranade-Kharkar, Christopher C. Giauque, Kenneth R. Eyring, Jesse W. Breinholt, Mickey R. Miller, Payton R. Carter, Jason L. Gillman, Andrew W. Gunn, Kirk U. Knowlton, Joshua L. Bonkowsky, Kari Stefansson, Lincoln D. Nadauld, Howard L. McLeod
Summary: The clinical use of genomic analysis has rapidly expanded, leading to increased availability and utility of genomic information in clinical care. Developing an infrastructure utilizing informatics tools and clinical processes is critical in facilitating the use of whole genome sequencing data for population health management. It is important to address domain-specific challenges and scale such a system to multiple clinical domains, supported by informatics tools and complementary to existing clinical processes.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Kelly M. Tomcsanyi, Kelvin A. Tran, Jill Bates, Francesca E. Cunningham, Robert Silverman, Amy K. Norris, Von R. Moore, Deepak Voora
Summary: This study aims to describe the implementation of clinical decision support tools for alerting prescribers about actionable drug-gene interactions in the Veterans Health Administration (VHA). The VHA implemented the Pharmacogenomic Testing for Veterans (PHASER) program in 2019 to offer panel-based, preemptive pharmacogenomic testing and interpretation, focusing on the SLCO1B1 gene. The program aims to reduce adverse drug reactions and improve medication efficacy by alerting practitioners of actionable drug-gene interactions.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH-SYSTEM PHARMACY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Alan S. Go, Sana M. Al-Khatib, Patrice Desvigne-Nickens, Nisha Bansal, Cheryl D. Bushnell, Margaret C. Fang, James V. Freeman, Brian F. Gage, Thorsten Hanke, Elaine M. Hylek, Renato D. Lopes, Peter A. Noseworthy, Vivek Y. Reddy, Daniel E. Singer, Kevin L. Thomas, Mellanie True Hills, Mintu P. Turakhia, Susan J. Zieman, Lawton S. Cooper, Emelia J. Benjamin
Summary: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a strong risk factor for ischemic stroke, which is a major cause of disability and death. With the increasing prevalence of AF and improved survival in cardiovascular disease, the number of people affected by AF will continue to rise. This report summarizes a workshop focused on identifying key research opportunities related to stroke prevention in AF, addressing areas such as improving risk stratification tools, overcoming challenges with oral anticoagulants, and determining the optimal roles of percutaneous left atrial appendage occlusion and surgical closure/excision. The report aims to promote innovative research that leads to personalized and effective stroke prevention strategies in individuals with AF.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Elizabeth Zhao, Stephanie N. Giamberardino, Neha J. Pagidipati, Deepak Voora, Geoffrey S. Ginsburg, Udo Hoffmann, Julia Karady, Maros Ferencik, Pamela S. Douglas, Borek Foldyna, Svati H. Shah
Summary: The study found an association between branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) and adipose depots and coronary artery disease (CAD), but BCAAs did not appear to be in the causal pathway of either disease.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Correction
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Daryl Pritchard, Jai N. Patel, Lindsay E. Stephens, Howard L. McLeod
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH-SYSTEM PHARMACY
(2022)
Article
Hematology
Kristen M. Sanfilippo, Kenneth R. Carson, Tzu-Fei Wang, Suhong Luo, Natasha Edwin, Nicole Kuderer, Jesse M. Keller, Brian F. Gage
Summary: The study aimed to evaluate the predictive ability of the Khorana score for venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients with multiple myeloma (MM). The results showed that the Khorana score did not effectively predict VTE risk in patients with MM. The study supports the use of MM-specific risk models for predicting VTE risk.
RESEARCH AND PRACTICE IN THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS
(2022)