Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Bobbie-Jo M. Webb-Robertson, Ernesto S. Nakayasu, Brigitte Frohnert, Lisa M. Bramer, Sarah M. Akers, Jill M. Norris, Kendra Vehik, Anette G. Ziegler, Thomas O. Metz, Stephen S. Rich, Marian J. Rewers
Summary: This study aimed to investigate whether a combination of genetic, immunologic, and metabolic features measured in infancy can predict the likelihood of developing T1D in children by age 6.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Ben G. Small, Trevor N. Johnson, Karen Rowland Yeo
Summary: The qualification of pediatric physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (P-PBPK) models is crucial for the precision dosing of diverse pediatric populations. This study found that a majority of the predicted PK parameters using P-PBPK models were within an acceptable range compared to the observed data, demonstrating the robustness of the models.
CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Gopal Pawar, Fang Wu, Liang Zhao, Lanyan Fang, Gilbert J. Burckart, Kairui Feng, Youssef M. Mousa, Abdullah Al Shoyaib, Marie-Christine Jones, Hannah K. Batchelor
Summary: This study investigated the impact of gastro-intestinal fluid volume and bile salt concentration on the dissolution of carbamazepine immediate release tablets. The study found that changes in the composition of the biorelevant media had little effect on CBZ dissolution. PBPK modeling showed that 500 mL of Ad-FaSSGF/Ad-FaSSIF media for adults and 200 mL Ped-FaSSGF/FaSSIF media for pediatrics were the most predictive dissolution volumes and media compositions.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
William E. Banks, Marie-Helene Moncel, Jean-Paul Raynal, Marlon E. Cobos, Daniel Romero-Alvarez, Marie-Noelle Woillez, Jean-Philippe Faivre, Brad Gravina, Francesco d'Errico, Jean-Luc Locht, Frederic Santos
Summary: This passage examines the Middle Paleolithic archaeological record in Western Europe, finding that Neanderthal populations adapted to new environmental conditions during periods of climatic variability by developing original cultural adaptations, which enabled them to maintain territorial stability.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
MohammadMehdi Kafashan, Anna W. Jaffe, Selmaan N. Chettih, Ramon Nogueira, Inigo Arandia-Romero, Christopher D. Harvey, Ruben Moreno-Bote, Jan Drugowitsch
Summary: Information about the direction of a moving visual stimulus is distributed across hundreds of neurons in mouse primary visual cortex, scaling sub-linearly due to correlated noise. The study predicts that tens of thousands of neurons encode 95% of the information, supporting the idea of a redundant code in the brain.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Surgery
Casey M. Luckhurst, Holly M. Wiberg, Rebeccah L. Brown, Steven W. Bruch, Nicole M. Chandler, Paul D. Danielson, John M. Draus, Mary E. Fallat, Barbara A. Gaines, Jeffrey H. Haynes, Kenji Inaba, Saleem Islam, Stephen S. Kaminski, Hae Sung Kang, Vashisht V. Madabhushi, Jason Murray, Michael L. Nance, Faisal G. Qureshi, Jeanne Rubsam, Steven Stylianos, Dimitris J. Bertsimas, Peter T. Masiakos
Summary: This study highlights the clinical variability in evaluating pediatric trauma patients with increased use of cervical spine imaging. The prediction tool developed could aid in decreasing imaging use, assisting in clinical decision-making, and reducing hospital resource use and cost. As compared to the previous model, the PEDSPINE II model showed improved ability in identifying cervical spine injuries.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Srinivas Mummidi, Vidya S. Farook, Lavanya Reddivari, Joselin Hernandez-Ruiz, Alvaro Diaz-Badillo, Sharon P. Fowler, Roy G. Resendez, Feroz Akhtar, Donna M. Lehman, Christopher P. Jenkinson, Rector Arya, Jane L. Lynch, Jose A. Canas, Ralph A. DeFronzo, Daniel E. Hale, John Blangero, Juan Carlos Lopez-Alvarenga, Ravindranath Duggirala, Jairam K. P. Vanamala
Summary: High concentrations of carotenoids, particularly alpha-carotene and beta-carotene, have protective effects against cardiometabolic risk traits in both adults and children. Genetic influences play a significant role in determining the levels of these carotenoids in serum, and they show correlations with various cardiometabolic risk factors. Further research suggests that carotenoids may have differential effects on susceptibility to cardiometabolic diseases in children.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Peter Hilpert, Matthew Vowels, Merijn Mestdagh, Laura Sels
Summary: Contemporary emotion theories suggest that the coupling of partners' emotions during interactions can predict the quality of their relationship. This study used machine learning methods to investigate whether emotions during positive and negative interactions can predict relationship stability two years later. The results showed that the variability of individual emotions and the coupling of partners' emotions during positive interactions predicted relationship separation.
Article
Immunology
Ayse Karaaslan, Ceren Cetin, Mehmet Tolga Kole, Murat Dereli, Serap Demir Tekol, Gaye Filinte, Yasemin Akin
Summary: This study examined the frequency of bloodstream and wound infections in hospitalized children with burn injuries, as well as their potential risk factors. The results showed that Gram-positive bacteria were the most common cause of bloodstream infections, while Gram-negative bacteria were the most common cause of wound infections. Prolonged hospitalization, extensive burn surface area, and intensive care unit stay were associated with increased infection risk. Therefore, reducing infections in this population could be achieved by minimizing invasive procedures and employing a multidisciplinary approach, particularly for patients with large burn surface areas and expected long hospital stays.
PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
J. Steven Leeder, Jean C. Dinh, Andrea Gaedigk, Vincent S. Staggs, Bhagwat Prasad, Robin E. Pearce
Summary: This study determined the values of microsomal protein per gram of liver (MPPGL) in pediatric and adult liver samples and found that MPPGL varied within different age groups/developmental stages. Tissue source was identified as a contributing factor. The results highlight the importance of considering source effects in studies involving tissue samples from different sources.
DRUG METABOLISM AND DISPOSITION
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Taima Alrimy, Wadee Alhalabi, Areej A. Malibari, Fatma Salih Alzahrani, Sharifah Alrajhi, Mohammed Alhalabi, Hunter G. Hoffman
Summary: This study investigates the effectiveness of desktop VR in reducing just noticeable pressure pain in children aged 2-10. The results show that VR significantly reduces pain sensitivity in children, especially in the age group of 2-5.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Heeseung Jo, Venkatesh Pilla Reddy, Joanna Parkinson, David W. Boulton, Weifeng Tang
Summary: This study developed a PBPK model for dapagliflozin to predict drug exposure in different populations, especially children, for dosing regimen guidance.
CPT-PHARMACOMETRICS & SYSTEMS PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Edmond Atindaana, Abena Kissi-Twum, Sarah Emery, Cleo Burnett, Jake Pitcher, Myra Visser, Jeffrey M. Kidd, Alice Telesnitsky
Summary: This study reveals that there are variations in virus production among clones in HIV-infected cell populations. The HIV protein Vpr selectively affects proviral expression patterns and integration site landscapes. The presence of Vpr leads to the selection of a subset of clones that resemble persistent populations in patients. These findings provide insights into the role of interclonal variation in expression patterns in proviral persistence.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
DeWayne P. Williams, Julian F. Thayer, James D. Halbert, Xiaoling Wang, Gaston Kapuku
Summary: The study found that African Americans and European Americans differ in hemodynamics underlying long-term blood pressure regulation. Over 6 years, African Americans show total peripheral resistance-mediated increases in blood pressure compared to European Americans. Higher heart rate variability predicts lower blood pressure and total peripheral resistance 6 years later in European Americans but not African Americans.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Fabian Preisner, Kalliopi Pitarokoili, Benjamin Lueling, Jeremias Motte, Anna Lena Fisse, Thomas Grueter, Tim Godel, Daniel Schwarz, Sabine Heiland, Ralf Gold, Martin Bendszus, Moritz Kronlage
Summary: This study evaluated the effectiveness of MRN for the longitudinal assessment of patients with CIDP. The results showed that changes in nerve cross-sectional area and fractional anisotropy can reflect the clinical and electrophysiological course of CIDP patients.
ANNALS OF CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL NEUROLOGY
(2023)