Review
Orthopedics
Samuel S. Rudisill, Nathan H. Varady, Aseal Birir, Susan M. Goodman, Michael L. Parks, Troy B. Amen
Summary: This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the associations between race/ethnicity and various metrics in total hip arthroplasty (THA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA), and found racial and ethnic disparities in both utilization and outcomes.
JOURNAL OF ARTHROPLASTY
(2023)
Article
Orthopedics
Troy B. Amen, Nathan H. Varady, Joshua Wright-Chisem, Patawut Bovonratwet, Michael L. Parks, Michael P. Ast
Summary: This study reveals emerging and worsening racial disparities in the utilization of outpatient total joint arthroplasty procedures between White and Black patients from 2011 to 2019. The findings emphasize the need for early intervention by orthopaedic surgeons and policy makers to address the growing inequities in access to care.
JOURNAL OF ARTHROPLASTY
(2022)
Article
Orthopedics
Aoife S. MacMahon, Kevin L. Mekkawy, Kawsu Barry, Harpal S. Khanuja
Summary: This study aimed to understand racial and ethnic disparities in hospital-based outpatient total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The findings showed differences in preoperative characteristics and postoperative outcomes between racial/ethnic groups, with Asians and Hispanics having the highest rate of outpatient TKA volume increase. These disparities may impact patient recovery and healthcare costs, emphasizing the need to address inequalities and improve access for minority patients.
JOURNAL OF ARTHROPLASTY
(2023)
Article
Orthopedics
Wayne B. Cohen-Levy, Matthew Sloan, Jamie M. Shoag, Antonia F. Chen, Hany S. Bedair
Summary: The study found that variations in IAT scores by geographical region in the United States did not correlate with racial disparities in the utilization of total hip and total knee arthroplasty (THA, TKA). However, significant differences in THA and TKA utilization were observed between different geographic divisions.
JOURNAL OF ARTHROPLASTY
(2021)
Article
Anesthesiology
Whitney Scott, Sarah E. Jackson, Ruth A. Hackett
Summary: Discrimination negatively affects the health and well-being of the general population, and this study examines its impact on people with pain. The research finds that individuals with pain are more likely to experience discrimination, which is associated with poorer health, increased depressive symptoms, higher loneliness levels, and lower quality of life and life satisfaction. Discrimination also predicts the onset of pain in pain-free adults. These findings underscore the importance of addressing discrimination to improve the well-being of individuals with pain and potentially reduce the risk of pain development.
Article
Orthopedics
Janet O. Adeola, Pelle V. Wall, Soraya Mehdipour, Alvaro A. Macias, Rodney A. Gabriel
Summary: This study found that among patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty, Black patients had a lower odds of receiving regional anesthesia compared to White patients, while Hispanic patients also had lower odds compared to non-Hispanic patients. Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander patients had increased odds of receiving regional anesthesia. Overall, this study highlights racial and ethnic disparities in the provision of regional anesthesia for patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty. Rating: 8/10.
JOURNAL OF ARTHROPLASTY
(2023)
Review
Gerontology
Chelsea Liu, Adrian N. S. Badana, Julia Burgdorf, Chanee D. Fabius, David L. Roth, William E. Haley
Summary: This study systematically reviewed articles comparing racial/ethnic differences in psychological and physical well-being among dementia caregivers. The findings showed better psychological well-being in African American caregivers and lower physical well-being in Hispanic/Latino caregivers compared to white caregivers. The research suggests the importance of future studies using population-based samples to explore cultural differences among caregivers from diverse backgrounds.
Article
Orthopedics
Nicholas A. Giordano, Krista B. Highland, Vi Nghiem, Maya Scott-Richardson, Michael Kent
Summary: This study found that preoperative opioid use, increased pain, elevated preoperative Pain Catastrophizing Scale scores, and lower Physical Function scores were significantly associated with continued postoperative opioid use up to 6 months after TKA or THA surgery. Continued assessment of patient-reported outcomes is crucial to mitigate poor postoperative pain outcomes.
ARCHIVES OF ORTHOPAEDIC AND TRAUMA SURGERY
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Elizabeth Oltmans Ananat, Becca Daniels, John Fitz-Henley II, Anna Gassman-Pines
Summary: Research shows that receiving unemployment insurance can reduce mental health problems, but there are racial and ethnic disparities in access to this benefit. During the COVID-19 pandemic, non-White non-Hispanic workers were more likely to be laid off and less likely to receive unemployment insurance compared to White workers. These findings suggest that unemployment insurance has the potential to reduce material and health disparities, but policies are needed to improve access and ensure equity.
Article
Ethnic Studies
Adam J. Hoffman, Beth Kurtz-Costes, Janae Shaheed
Summary: The study found that ethnic-racial identity held more prominence for girls than for boys among this sample of Cherokee adolescents, although aspects of gender identity were more strongly related to well-being for both genders.
CULTURAL DIVERSITY & ETHNIC MINORITY PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Orthopedics
Yale A. Fillingham, Thomas M. Hanson, Kathleen A. Leinweber, Adriana P. Lucas, David S. Jevsevar
Summary: This study shows that preoperative anxiety disorders are a risk factor for poor pain control following TJA, but can be modifiable when appropriately treated. Screening for preoperative anxiety disorders using GAD-2 and referral for treatment may improve patient outcomes and reduce opioid consumption after TJA.
JOURNAL OF ARTHROPLASTY
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Robert Crosnoe, Carol A. Johnston, Shannon E. Cavanagh, Elizabeth Gershoff
Summary: Studying the disparities in well-being among different groups of women can reveal the racial health risks of gendered family life. By integrating life course and demand-reward perspectives, this study used sequencing techniques to analyze the National Longitudinal Study of Youth: 1979 and identified seven trajectories of partnership and parenthood during women's 20s and 30s. These trajectories highlighted the positive and negative aspects of women's well-being in their 50s, with family roles playing a significant role. However, the relationship between family roles and well-being varied by race-ethnicity, with White women experiencing greater well-being, Black women placing more importance on parenthood, and Latinas emphasizing the coupling of partnership and parenthood.
JOURNAL OF HEALTH AND SOCIAL BEHAVIOR
(2023)
Review
Psychology, Educational
Sauro Civitillo, Anna-Maria Mayer, Philipp Jugert
Summary: Research has shown that racial-ethnic discrimination in schools has negative effects on students' well-being, academic performance, and psychological health. These effects are present in various domains and are influenced by the racial-ethnic composition of the school.
JOURNAL OF EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Juan Del Toro, Adam Fine, Ming-Te Wang, Alvin Thomas, Lisa M. Schneper, Colter Mitchell, Ronald B. Mincy, Sara McLanahan, Daniel A. Notterman
Summary: Ethnic/racial minority children in the United States are more likely to experience father loss to incarceration than White children, and this study found that paternal incarceration is associated with shorter telomere lengths among children from low-income families. The link between paternal incarceration and telomere length shortening was mediated by increases in maternal depression.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Shai S. Shemesh, James Douglas Dieterich, Darwin Chen, Roni Sharon, Michael J. Bronson, Tal Frenkel Rutenberg, Calin S. Moucha
Summary: This study aimed to investigate whether pain catastrophizing and neuropathic pain could predict poor postoperative pain outcomes in total joint arthroplasty (TJA). The results showed that both pain catastrophizing and neuropathic pain were not associated with length of stay, postoperative complications, and pain scores. Therefore, pain catastrophizing and neuropathic pain are not accurate predictors of surgical outcomes in TJA.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2023)