Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Mireille Kanaan, Alain Brabant, George Joseph Eckert, Anderson Takeo Hara, Joana Christina Carvalho
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and severity of tooth wear in adults and identify the risk factors associated with it. The findings revealed that tooth wear is common and severe among adults. Age, gender, toothpaste selection, occlusal splint usage, and consumption of acidic beverages were identified as risk factors for tooth wear, especially dental erosion.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Anna Maria Martone, Matteo Tosato, Francesca Ciciarello, Vincenzo Galluzzo, Maria Beatrice Zazzara, Cristina Pais, Giulia Savera, Riccardo Calvani, Emanuele Marzetti, Maria Camprubi Robles, Maria Ramirez, Francesco Landi
Summary: The prevalence of sarcopenia is high in patients recovered from COVID-19 acute illness, particularly in those with persistent symptoms like fatigue, dyspnea, and joint pain. Physical activity, especially when combined with adequate nutrition, appears to be an important protective factor.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Angeline Andrew, Jie Zhou, Jiang Gui, Xun Shi, Meifang Li, Antoinette Harrison, Bart Guetti, Ramaa Nathan, Tanya Butt, Daniel Peipert, Maeve Tischbein, Erik P. Pioro, Elijah Stommel, Walter Bradley
Summary: This study aimed to identify industrial chemicals released into the air that may be associated with ALS etiology. By using a medical claims database and geospatial data, styrene, chromium, nickel, and dichloromethane were found to have positive associations with ALS risk. These findings contribute to the future evaluation of these environmental chemicals as potential etiologic contributors to sporadic ALS risk.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Zdenek Fisar
Summary: The discovery of biomarkers and verification of biological hypotheses are crucial for understanding the etiology of schizophrenia. Risk factors and biomarkers can disrupt brain function and establish new homeostatic setpoints, leading to the symptoms of schizophrenia. Different risk factors and biomarkers can converge to cause the same symptoms, indicating the highly individual nature of the disease.
PROGRESS IN NEURO-PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY & BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Adewale Samuel Akinosun, Sylvia Kamya, Jonathan Watt, William Johnston, Stephen J. Leslie, Mark Grindle
Summary: This study aims to assess the distribution and prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in a rural region of the Scottish Highlands, identify target risk factors for intervention, and develop a model to define clusters of risk factors. Data from 2025 patients in NHS Highlands hospital were collected and analyzed. The key risk factors identified were hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and elevated body mass index (BMI). Cluster analysis showed a high prevalence of elevated BMI and its association with hyperlipidemia and hypertension. This information can help improve the effectiveness of interventions. Rating: 8/10.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Adam Jona, Anna Kenyeres, Sandor Barna, Arpad Illes, Zsofia Simon
Summary: The study found that maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) and lymphocyte/monocyte (Ly/Mo) ratio at staging PET/CT can predict FL patients' progression-free survival (PFS) significantly, improving prognostic assessment. The combination of staging and interim SUVmax values can also help predict poor prognosis and translate into overall survival (OS) advantage. Additional biological prognostic factors should be investigated while emphasizing the role of PET/CT in FL.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Jean-Remi Lavillegrand, Emmanuelle Mercier-Des-Rochettes, Elodie Baron, Frederic Pene, Damien Contou, Raphael Favory, Sebastien Preau, Arnaud Galbois, Chloe Molliere, Arnaud-Felix Miailhe, Jean Reignier, Mehran Monchi, Claire Pichereau, Sara Thietart, Thibault Vieille, Gael Piton, Gabriel Preda, Idriss Abdallah, Marine Camus, Eric Maury, Bertrand Guidet, Guillaume Dumas, Hafid Ait-Oufella
Summary: In this large retrospective multicenter study, it was found that mortality associated with acute cholangitis decreased significantly over time. Risk factors for in-hospital mortality include severity of organ failure, cause of obstruction, local complications of acute cholangitis, as well as delayed biliary drainage over 48 hours.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Jeffrey S. Hyams, Michael Brimacombe, Yael Haberman, Thomas Walters, Greg Gibson, Angela Mo, David Mack, Anne Griffiths, Brendan Boyle, Neal LeLeiko, James Markowitz, Joel Rosh, Ashish Patel, Sapana Shah, Robert Baldassano, Marian Pfefferkorn, Cary Sauer, Joelynn Dailey, Suresh Venkateswaran, Subra Kugathasan, Lee A. Denson
Summary: This study developed a model for predicting the risk of colectomy in children newly diagnosed with ulcerative colitis. The findings suggest that a small group of children with severe UC still require colectomy despite current therapies. The gene signature observations provide additional targets for managing patients who do not respond to current medical treatments.
INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Balanescu Laura, Balanescu Radu, Cimpeanu Patricia, Moga Andreea
Summary: This study analyzed the impact of risk factors on the prognosis of neuroblastoma patients, finding a clear correlation between positive IDRF status at diagnosis and other prognostic factors such as high NSE levels, MYCN amplification status, large tumor size, incomplete tumor resection, and unfavorable outcomes.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Roberto De Masi, Stefania Orlando, Chiara Leo, Matteo Pasca, Luca Anzilli, Maria Carmela Costa
Summary: The etiology of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is still unknown, and its pathogenic risk factors are believed to have a minimal individual effect, but assume a pathogenic role when interacting with each other. However, there is currently no method to statistically weigh this pathogenic role in predicting MS risk, thus hindering its clinical and health insurance applications. This study aims to establish a population-based multi-criterial model to weigh the biological risk factors in MS and calculate the individual MS risk value for health insurance application.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ling Wang, Binquan Wang, Chunyan Wu, Jie Wang, Mingkuan Sun
Summary: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder with increasing prevalence. The lack of diagnostic markers and targeted medications for treatment has urged multidisciplinary collaboration in studying the underlying mechanisms and developing precision therapies. This review explores various animal models and interdisciplinary studies to understand the behavioral pathology and neurobiological alterations in ASD. It also highlights the advancements in gene transcription, synaptic signaling, epigenetic modifications, brain-gut axis, immune inflammation, and neural loop abnormalities, providing a theoretical basis for future precision therapies. Additionally, existing therapy tactics, limitations, and challenges in translating multidisciplinary knowledge into clinical practice are discussed.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jad Tahouri, Abdelhamid Sadiki, L'houcine Karrat, Verner Carl Johnson, Ngai Weng Chan, Zhang Fei, Hsiang Te Kung
Summary: Our work used the PAP/RAC method to assess the trends, erosion states, and causal risk factors for soil erosion in the Asfalou watershed. By incorporating soil types, slope length, and climatic factors, we improved the reliability of our model. The study identified the key factors and provided insights into the current state of soil degradation.
INTERNATIONAL SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jiwoo Lee, Sakari Jukarainen, Antti Karvanen, Padraig Dixon, Neil M. Davies, George Davey Smith, Pradeep Natarajan, Andrea Ganna
Summary: Understanding the causal impact of clinical risk factors on healthcare costs is crucial for evaluating healthcare interventions. Using a genetically-informed design, this study found that waist circumference, body mass index, and blood pressure have significant causal impact on healthcare costs. Increased waist circumference is a major contributor to annual total healthcare costs.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Yue Liang, Tian-Chyi Jim Yeh, Chen Ma, Jing Zhang, Wei Xu, Dehong Yang, Yonghong Hao
Summary: Soil erosion is crucial in hydraulic engineering, and this study investigates the use of three chemical stabilizers to improve erosion resistance of sandy soil. The experiments show that the stabilizers significantly enhance the anti-erosion capability, with sodium polyacrylate (PAANa) performing the best among the tested stabilizers. The results suggest that PAANa is recommended for treating sandy soil to prevent erosion and ensure the safety of hydraulic projects.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2021)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Naymul Karim, Ahmed K. Rashwan, Shiyu Liu, Jitbanjong Tangpong, Tao Lin, Wei Chen
Summary: Cranberries, a well-known berry fruit and member of the Ericaceae family, have been found to possess various bioactive components that can suppress human diseases such as obesity, diabetes, microbial infections, hepatotoxicity, hypertension, cardiotoxicity, neurotoxicity, and cancer. This review focuses on the chemical components of cranberries and explores their biological capabilities based on recent findings. The review also discusses the health benefits of cranberries based on recent clinical studies. It is reported that cranberries are rich in minerals, vitamins, organic acids, sugars, and polyphenols, and they exhibit potential antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiobesity, anti-diabetic, antimicrobial, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, neuroprotective, and anti-cancer activities. The antimicrobial activity of cranberries is particularly promising. Recent clinical studies have further confirmed the health benefits and safety of cranberries, although more extensive clinical research is needed to ensure these effects at the clinical level. Consumption of cranberries and their products is suggested for ameliorating biological disorders.