Article
Cell Biology
Magdalene Isabell Schlesiger, Tobias Ruff, Duncan Archibald Allan MacLaren, Isabel Barriuso-Ortega, Khalid Magomedovich Saidov, Ting-Yun Yen, Hannah Monyer
Summary: The study reveals that septal PV+ and CB+ projections have differential effects on neuronal activity in the MEC, with PV+ projections disrupting theta-rhythmic firing and CB+ projections increasing burst firing of grid cells. Inactivation of PV+ or CB+ neurons affects context, reference, and working memory to varying degrees.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Zhongfei Bai, Jack Jiaqi Zhang, Kenneth N. K. Fong
Summary: This study investigated the immediate effects of intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) on intracortical excitatory and inhibitory circuits, neural connectivity, and network properties in patients with chronic stroke. The results showed that iTBS enhanced the amplitude of ipsilesional motor evoked potentials (MEPs) and P30 of TMS-evoked potentials located at the ipsilesional primary motor cortex (M1), but it did not have modulatory effects on intracortical inhibition or TMS-related oscillations and neural connectivity.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NEURAL SYSTEMS AND REHABILITATION ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Cheng-Ta Li, Chi-Hung Juan, Hui-Ching Lin, Chih-Ming Cheng, Hui-Ting Wu, Bang-Hung Yang, Shih-Jen Tsai, Tung-Ping Su, Paul B. Fitzgerald
Summary: This study is the first to reveal the underlying molecular mechanisms of the fronto-limbic circuit in individuals with major depressive disorder and demonstrates the differential modulation of neurotransmitter systems by rTMS and iTBS.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ethan A. Solomon, Michael R. Sperling, Ashwini D. Sharan, Paul A. Wanda, Deborah F. Levy, Anastasia Lyalenko, Isaac Pedisich, Daniel S. Rizzuto, Michael J. Kahana
Summary: Brain stimulation using theta-burst stimulation (TBS) has been shown to induce persistent theta oscillations in cortical areas at the stimulated frequency, influencing mesoscale neural activity. Functional connectivity between recording and stimulation sites guides the flow of stimulation through the brain, suggesting TBS can influence cognitively-relevant brain networks predictably.
Article
Neurosciences
Barna Dudok, Peter M. Klein, Ernie Hwaun, Brian R. Lee, Zizhen Yao, Olivia Fong, John C. Bowler, Satoshi Terada, Fraser T. Sparks, Gergely G. Szabo, Jordan S. Farrell, Jim Berg, Tanya L. Daigle, Bosiljka Tasic, Jordane Dimidschstein, Gord Fishell, Attila Losonczy, Hongkui Zeng, Ivan Soltesz
Summary: Interneurons expressing cholecystokinin (CCK) and parvalbumin (PV) play important roles in regulating hippocampal pyramidal cell output. The activity of CCK BCs in the CA1 of the mouse hippocampus scales inversely with PV and pyramidal cell activity at behaviorally relevant timescales. This inverse coupling is mediated through powerful inhibitory control of CCK BCs by PV cells, demonstrating a novel form of brain-state-specific segregation of inhibition during spontaneous behavior.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ana Dionisio, Rita Gouveia, Joao Castelhano, Isabel Catarina Duarte, Gustavo C. Santo, Joao Sargento-Freitas, Felix Duecker, Miguel Castelo-Branco
Summary: The study found significant changes in beta power of the affected thumb's opposition after implementing continuous theta burst stimulation in post-stroke patients, indicating an impact on neurophysiology. While peak-to-peak amplitude of motor-evoked potentials and motor performance were not significantly altered, this stimulation paradigm still holds potential for neurorehabilitation.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Kirstie A. Cummings, Sabina Bayshtok, Tri N. Dong, Paul J. Kenny, Roger L. Clem
Summary: This study shows that fear conditioning activates a heterogeneous population of SST-INs in the medial prefrontal cortex, which play an important role in memory expression. In contrast, a different population of SST-INs activated by morphine exerts opposing control over fear and supports reward-like effects.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kevin Pacheco-Barrios, Danielle Carolina Pimenta, Anne Victorio Pessotto, Felipe Fregni
Summary: The clinical correlates of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) measures, such as resting motor threshold (MT), motor-evoked potential (MEP), short intracortical inhibition (SICI), and intracortical facilitation (ICF), in fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) patients were investigated. It was found that SICI was associated with sleepiness, comorbidities, disease duration, and anxiety, while ICF showed a positive correlation with pain levels and a negative correlation with body mass index (BMI). These findings suggest that SICI and ICF metrics may serve as potential phenotyping biomarkers in FMS.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Andrea Guerra, Francesco Asci, Alessandro Zampogna, Valentina D'Onofrio, Alfredo Berardelli, Antonio Suppa
Summary: The study showed that the effects of transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) on long-term potentiation (LTP)-like plasticity of the primary motor cortex (M1) are significantly reduced in older adults compared to young adults.
CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Manuel Valero, Andrea Navas-Olive, Liset M. de la Prida, Gyorgy Buzsaki
Summary: This study investigates the influence of inhibitory and excitatory inputs on CA1 pyramidal cell responses and finds that inhibition is stronger than excitation and critical for place field expression.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Qian Ding, Huiting Cai, Manfeng Wu, Guiyuan Cai, Hongying Chen, Wanqi Li, Tuo Lin, Yinghua Jing, Tifei Yuan, Guangqing Xu, Yue Lan
Summary: This study systematically investigated the relationship between resting-state intracortical inhibition or facilitation and inhibitory control, finding a positive correlation between short intracortical facilitation and poorer inhibitory control. This suggests that short intracortical facilitation may serve as a potential physiological biomarker for motor-inhibitory control and have clinical implications for disorders associated with inhibitory control deficits.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Psychiatry
Parmis Fatih, M. Utku Kucuker, Jennifer L. Vande Voort, Deniz Doruk Camsari, Faranak Farzan, Paul E. Croarkin
Summary: Based on 113 articles, it is suggested that LICI may serve as a biomarker of GABA(B) functioning, but more rigorous research is required. The existing LICI literature shows methodological heterogeneity and inconsistencies in findings, which are also non-specific to diseases. Future studies should address these weaknesses and focus on high-quality test-retest reliability.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Nicholas Yeh, Jessica D. Payne, Sara Y. Kim, Elizabeth A. Kensinger, Joshua D. Koen, Nathan S. Rose
Summary: This study investigated the role of mPFC in emotional memory encoding using transcranial magnetic stimulation. The results showed that mPFC activity interacts with consolidation processes to enhance the preservation of negatively salient information.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Carl Johan Ekman, Katarzyna Popiolek, Robert Boden, Axel Nordenskjold, Johan Lundberg
Summary: This study investigated the effectiveness and tolerability of intermittent Theta-burst stimulation (iTBS) in a clinical setting. The results showed that iTBS was safe and well-tolerated, and the response rate was similar to that reported in clinical trials. Older age and milder illness predicted a better treatment response.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Martin Syvertsen Mykland, Martin Uglem, Jan Petter Neverdahl, Lise Rystad Oie, Tore Wergeland Meisingset, David W. Dodick, Erling Tronvik, Morten Engstrom, Trond Sand, Petter Moe Omland
Summary: This study investigates the mechanisms of insufficient sleep in migraine by using transcranial magnetic stimulation. It is found that sleep restriction reduces GABAergic cortical inhibition during the interictal period in individuals with migraine, particularly in non-sleep related migraine and migraine with aura. The sleep restriction effect is associated with hypersensitivity symptoms such as photophobia, while the overall silent period is associated with premonitory dopaminergic symptoms such as yawning. These findings suggest that sleep related mechanisms may affect the pathophysiology of migraine and differentiate between migraine subgroups.
CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jaakko Vallinoja, Timo Nurmi, Julia Jaatela, Vincent Wens, Mathieu Bourguignon, Helena Maenpaa, Harri Piitulainen
Summary: The study aimed to assess the effects of lesions related to spastic diplegic cerebral palsy on functional connectivity. Using multiple imaging modalities, the researchers found enhanced functional connectivity in the sensorimotor network of individuals with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy, which was not correlated with hand coordination performance.
CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Francesca Ginatempo, Nicola Loi, John C. Rothwell, Franca Deriu
Summary: This study comprehensively investigated sensorimotor integration in the cranial-cervical muscles of healthy adults and found that the integration of sensory inputs with motor output is profoundly influenced by the type of sensory afferent involved and the functional role played by the target muscle.
CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2024)
