Article
Infectious Diseases
Jieun Kim, Mi-Ran Seo, Bongyoung Kim, Jinyeong Kim, Mi-Hyun Bae, Hyunjoo Pai
Summary: This study aimed to analyze the genetic relatedness of Clostridioides difficile RT017 strains in a hospital with high prevalence. The majority of the strains were genetically related to CC-A, indicating the transmission and evolution of RT017 strains within the hospital. Variations in antibiotic resistance rates were observed among different CCs, suggesting significant differences in resistance profiles.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Korakrit Imwattana, Papanin Putsathit, Deirdre A. Collins, Teera Leepattarakit, Pattarachai Kiratisin, Thomas Riley, Daniel R. Knight
Summary: Clostridioides difficile PCR ribotype (RT) 017 is one of the most successful strains of C. difficile globally, and its global dissemination time and key factors have been determined through high-resolution genomic and Bayesian evolutionary analyses. Furthermore, the study found that C. difficile RT 017 may have been spreading between Asia and Europe since the Middle Ages and was introduced to North America in the 19th century.
MICROBIAL GENOMICS
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Jen-Chieh Lee, Yuan -Pin Hung, Bo -Yang Tsai, Pei -Jane Tsai, Wen -Chien Ko
Summary: Severe CDIs in the ICU were not rare in this study. The ileus group tended to have more severe presentation, with severe and fulminant CDIs accounting for 65.2% and an ICU mortality rate of 39.1%. Clinicians should be aware of abdominal symptoms and signs other than diarrhea, such as ileus, for timely diagnosis and management of CDI.
JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY IMMUNOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Ibrahim A. Al-Zahrani
Summary: Clostridioides difficile (C. difficile) infection is a global threat to many healthcare settings. Excessive use of antimicrobials, lack of optimal antibiotic policies, and suboptimal infection control practices have fueled the development of this health issue. Prudent use of antimicrobials and simple infection control measures can significantly reduce infection rates.
SAUDI MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Peng An Khun, Thomas V. Riley
Summary: This review provides an overview of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) in southeast Asia, including its prevalence, detection methods, antimicrobial susceptibility profiles, and the potential significance of a One Health approach. CDI is a common cause of hospital-acquired gastroenteritis worldwide, with higher rates observed in high-income countries. Lack of knowledge and awareness about CDI, along with antimicrobial abuse and inadequate education on appropriate usage, contribute to its evolution. Underreporting of CDI rates and misuse of antimicrobial agents pose a significant threat in regions like Indochina, while C. difficile RT 017 strain is endemic in southeast Asia.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE
(2022)
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tebelay Dilnessa, Alem Getaneh, Workagegnehu Hailu, Feleke Moges, Baye Gelaw
Summary: A high prevalence of C. difficile was observed among hospitalized patients, emphasizing the need for attention and prevention. The resistance of C. difficile to metronidazole and vancomycin was lower compared to other antibiotics.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Amanda Nadia Diniz, Loren Nery Fontoura Moura, Diogo Soares Goncalves Cruz, Carlos Augusto Oliveira Junior, Henrique Cesar Pereira Figueiredo, Joao Luis Reis Cunha, Eduardo Garcia Vilela, Edward J. Kuijper, Mark H. Wilcox, Francisco Carlos Faria Lobato, Rodrigo Otavio Silveira Silva
Summary: Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is a global healthcare problem, and new strains continue to emerge. This study characterized three novel Brazilian clade 2 strains of C. difficile and conducted a two-year survey in animals and humans. The results suggest that these new clade 2 strains have virulence potential and continue to emerge in Brazil.
Article
Microbiology
Peng An Khun, Long Duc Phi, Phuong Thi Pham, Ha Thi Thu Nguyen, Quyen Thi Huyen Vu, Deirdre A. Collins, Thomas V. Riley
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence, molecular epidemiology, and antimicrobial susceptibility of Clostridioides difficile in children with diarrhea in Vietnam. The results showed a high prevalence of C. difficile, but a comparatively low proportion of toxigenic strains.
Article
Microbiology
Meiji Soe Aung, Asami Matsuda, Noriko Urushibara, Mitsuyo Kawaguchiya, Nobuhide Ohashi, Norifumi Matsuda, Mayumi Nakamura, Masahiko Ito, Satoshi Habadera, Akinori Matsumoto, Mina Hirose, Nobumichi Kobayashi
Summary: The study analyzed the clonal diversity and toxin gene prevalence in clinical isolates of Clostridium perfringens from humans in northern Japan. The most frequent toxinotype was A, followed by F and G, with additional toxin genes identified in a small number of isolates. Various toxin gene profiles were observed, indicating the presence of six clonal complexes and showing diversity in C. perfringens clones of human origin.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Saaya Ichiyama, Shunsuke Soma, Katsunori Ito
Summary: Clostridium difficile (CD) causes enteritis when intestinal microbiota balance is disrupted by broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents. In recent years, there has been an increase in community-acquired CD enteritis in the United States. This report presents a case of a 57-year-old man with CD enteritis who required ICU treatment.
CUREUS JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Adelina Raluca Marinescu, Ruxandra Laza, Virgil Filaret Musta, Talida Georgiana Cut, Raluca Dumache, Anca Tudor, Mirela Porosnicu, Voichita Elena Lazureanu, Monica Licker
Summary: CDI complicates the outcome of COVID-19 patients, especially those with comorbidities or previous exposure to the healthcare system. Clinicians should remain vigilant for possible CDI and SARS-CoV-2 co-infections in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic and widespread use of antibiotics.
MEDICINA-LITHUANIA
(2021)
Article
Surgery
Masayuki Hiraki, Rei Suzuki, Nobuo Tanaka, Hiroki Fukunaga, Yoshinori Kinoshita, Hayato Kimura, Shusaku Tsutsui, Masaru Murata, Shunji Morita
Summary: This case report presents a rare case of community-acquired fulminant pseudomembranous colitis caused by ribotype 027 C. difficile after H. pylori eradication therapy in a 68-year-old woman. In Japan, this strain is reported to be uncommon, making this case notable.
SURGICAL CASE REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Myrte Tielemans, Mireille van Westreenen, Corne Klaassen, Hannelore M. Gotz
Summary: This study investigated the effect of confirmatory testing on Neisseria gonorrhoeae (Ng) positivity in a population visiting a sexual health clinic in Rotterdam. Confirming urogenital and anorectal samples reduced Ng positivity rates, especially for women. The lack of a gold standard for Ng infection confirmation presents a dilemma in public health settings: choosing between missed diagnoses or overtreatment.
SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS
(2022)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Manu P. Bilsen, Merel M. C. Lambregts, Joffrey van Prehn, Ed J. Kuijper
Summary: Recent studies have shown some effectiveness of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) for decolonization of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO), but questions remain regarding its true efficacy, optimal route of administration, role of antibiotics pre and post-FMT, and efficacy in different patient populations. Further research is needed to explore the observed decrease in MDRO infections post-FMT.
CURRENT OPINION IN GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Cornelis Adrianus De Pijper, Jenny Lea Schnyder, Cornelis Stijnis, Abraham Goorhuis, Martin Peter Grobusch
Summary: Severe thrombocytopenia is a rare but life-threatening complication of ZVI, with immune-induced thrombocytopenia as the main pathophysiological mechanism. Further research is needed to determine the optimal treatment strategy for this complication due to a lack of cases.
TRAVEL MEDICINE AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Erlangga Yusuf, Manuela Tompa, Nikolaos Strepis, Corne H. W. Klaassen, Wil H. F. Goessens
Summary: In this study, we collected 104 meropenem-nonsusceptible A. baumannii isolates from a University Hospital in Romania. We found that these isolates exhibited a high level of resistance to multiple antimicrobial agents, indicating the presence of extensive antimicrobial resistance mechanisms. Whole-genome sequencing revealed the prevalence of the bla(OXA-24) gene and the association of ST502 sequence type with bla(OXA-24) in these isolates. Tobramycin and colistin were identified as potential therapeutic options.
MICROBIAL DRUG RESISTANCE
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Dimard E. Foudraine, Camiel N. M. Aarents, Agnes A. Wattel, Ria van Boxtel, Nikolaos Strepis, Marian T. ten Kate, Annelies Verbon, Theo M. Luider, Corne H. W. Klaassen, John Hays, Lennard J. M. Dekker, Jan Tommassen, Wil H. F. Goessens
Summary: Extended-Spectrum beta-Lactamases (ESBL) and AmpC beta-lactamases can inhibit the activity of carbapenem antibiotics by preventing their interaction with penicillin-binding proteins. When present in high concentrations along with decreased antibiotic influx, they can confer carbapenem resistance in Enterobacterales. A targeted LC-MS/MS method was developed to detect beta-lactamases and porins in Escherichia coli, providing potential clinical value in the early detection of non-carbapenemase-producing carbapenem-resistant E. coli.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Adrienne S. van der Schoor, Juliette A. Severin, Anna S. van der Weg, Nikolaos Strepis, Corne H. W. Klaassen, Johannes P. C. van den Akker, Marco J. Bruno, Johanna M. Hendriks, Margreet C. Vos, Anne F. Voor In 't Holt
Summary: Transitioning to 100% single-occupancy rooms did not decrease ESBL-E acquisition, but did significantly decrease the number of intra-hospital patient transfers. The latter was associated with lower odds on ESBL-E acquisition. ESBL-E carriers remained largely unidentified through clinical samples.
ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE AND INFECTION CONTROL
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Daan W. Notermans, Annelot F. Schoffelen, Fabian Landman, Cornelia C. H. Wielders, Sandra Witteveen, Varisha A. Ganesh, Marga Van Santen-Verheuvel, Sabine C. de Greeff, Ed J. Kuijper, Antoni P. A. Hendrickx
Summary: Urine-associated Escherichia coli ST38 producing OXA-244 harboring putative uropathogenicity factors emerged in the Netherlands.
JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Sammy Huygens, Albert Dunbar, Jochem B. Buil, Corne H. W. Klaassen, Paul E. Verweij, Karin van Dijk, Nick de Jonge, Jeroen J. W. M. Janssen, Walter J. F. M. van der Velden, Bart J. Biemond, Aldert Bart, Anke H. W. Bruns, Pieter-Jan A. Haas, Astrid M. P. Demandt, Guy Oudhuis, Peter von dem Borne, Martha T. van der Beek, Saskia K. Klein, Peggy Godschalk, Lambert F. R. Span, Douwe F. Postma, Greetje A. Kampinga, Johan Maertens, Katrien Lagrou, Toine Mercier, Ine Moors, Jerina Boelens, Dominik Selleslag, Marijke Reynders, Willemien Zandijk, Jeanette K. Doorduijn, Jan J. Cornelissen, Alexander F. A. D. Schauwvlieghe, Bart J. A. Rijnders
Summary: This prospective multicenter study showed that real-time resistance testing may limit the impact of azole resistance on mortality. An isolated positive polymerase chain reaction assay was not associated with mortality. Its place in the current EORTC/MSGERC definitions should be reconsidered.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Linda J. J. Wammes, Anne F. Voor in F. 't Holt, Corne H. W. Klaassen, Margreet C. C. Vos, Nelianne J. J. Verkaik, Juliette A. Severin
Summary: This study aimed to improve the sensitivity of detecting vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VRE) transmission and determine the time from presumed exposure to detectable colonization. Retrospective analysis of 9 VRE outbreaks showed that using the first three out of five rectal swabs identified 89% of all secondary cases, compared to only 64% with the first swab. In addition, taking one or more rectal swabs around day 9 after presumed exposure was found to be the most effective screening approach.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY & INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Adrienne S. van der Schoor, Juliette A. Severin, Corne H. W. Klaassen, Diederik Gommers, Marco J. Bruno, Johanna M. Hendriks, Anne F. Voor in 't Holt, Margreet C. Vos
Summary: This study aimed to compare the environmental contamination with highly resistant microorganisms (HRMO) between an old hospital building and a new hospital building, and to investigate the environmental contamination in the new building after relocation. The results showed a significant decrease in HRMO contamination in the new building, which is important for hospital design and construction considerations.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYGIENE AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jannette Pirzadian, Anne F. Voor In 't Holt, Mehjabeen Hossain, Corne H. W. Klaassen, Inge de Goeij, Heidy H. H. T. Koene, Lonneke G. M. Bode, Margreet C. Vos, Juliette A. Severin
Summary: In healthcare environments, sinks are recognized as reservoirs for multidrug-resistant bacteria. This study implemented an intervention to install sink drain plugs as barriers against transmission of VIM-PA from drain reservoirs. Results showed a significant reduction in VIM-PA positivity after the intervention, but recolonization was observed over time.
Article
Microbiology
Ishani Wickramage, Zhong Peng, Soumyadeep Chakraborty, Celine Harmanus, Ed J. Kuijper, Sally Alrabaa, Wiep Klaas Smits, Xingmin Sun
Summary: Clostridioides difficile has a complex relationship with antibiotics, as they can both increase the risk of infection and be the primary treatment for C. difficile infection (CDI). This study identified two clinical isolates of C. difficile with elevated resistance to vancomycin and rifaximin, as well as mutations related to resistance. The findings highlight the importance of surveillance in understanding antibiotic resistance and developing effective treatment strategies.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Adrienne S. van der Schoor, Juliette A. Severin, Corne H. W. Klaassen, Johannes P. C. van den Akker, Marco J. Bruno, Johanna M. Hendriks, Margreet C. Vos, Anne F. Voor F. In 't Holt
Summary: Timely identification of patients carrying multidrug-resistant microorganisms is crucial to prevent nosocomial spread. This study compared the yield of a universal screening strategy upon admission to the current risk assessment combined with risk-based screening, showing that universal screening identified significantly more carriers in a low endemic setting.
Article
Microbiology
P. M. C. Klein Klouwenberg, W. van der Kuil, A. J. van Griethuysen, M. Hendriks, E. J. Kuijper, D. W. Notermans, A. F. Schoffelen, ISIS AR Study Grp
Summary: Using data from the Dutch national surveillance system for antimicrobial resistance, this study found discrepancies in minimum inhibitory concentrations of aminoglycosides measured by the automated testing systems VITEK2 and Phoenix. The Phoenix system showed higher MICs and an annual increase in resistance for certain species. These findings have implications for the clinical treatment of sepsis patients.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Karuna E. W. Vendrik, Amoe Baktash, Jelle J. Goeman, Celine Harmanus, Daan W. Notermans, Sabine C. de Greeff, Ed J. Kuijper
Summary: This study found a higher proportion of severe CDI cases during the second wave of COVID-19, which was partially caused by delayed diagnostics possibly due to decreased patient visits or restricted hospital referral.
LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH-EUROPE
(2022)