Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Chyou-Wei Wei, Tsai-Kun Wu, Shu-Cing Wu, Yi-Lin Chen, Ying-Ru Pan, Yi-Chung Chien, Jia-Yan Wu, Yung-Lung Yu, Giou-Teng Yiang
Summary: This study compared the different cytotoxic effects on renal cells between IS and PCS treatment, and found that PCS exerted a stronger anti-proliferative effect on renal tubular cells compared to IS treatment. In addition, the study demonstrated for the first time that curcumin enhanced PCS-induced cell cytotoxicity through caspase-dependent apoptotic pathway and cell cycle alteration.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ping-Hsun Wu, Yi-Ting Lin, Yi-Wen Chiu, Gabriel Baldanzi, Jiun-Chi Huang, Shih-Shin Liang, Su-Chu Lee, Szu-Chia Chen, Ya-Ling Hsu, Mei-Chuan Kuo, Shang-Jyh Hwang
Summary: Protein-bound uremic toxins (IS and PCS) are associated with various cardiovascular-related proteins, involved in endothelial barrier function, cell adhesion, phosphate homeostasis, and inflammation. Multiplex proteomics may be a promising approach to uncover novel pathophysiology of uremic toxins.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Jia-Huang Chen, Chih-Kang Chiang
Summary: Uremic toxins are harmful metabolites that accumulate in the body of patients with declining renal function, particularly in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. Clearing uremic toxins has become a conventional treatment in the clinic, but the clearance of uremic toxins in the early stage of acute kidney injury (AKI) is rarely emphasized, despite increasing evidence showing its correlation with injury severity or mortality.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
David S. Wishart, Eponine Oler, Harrison Peters, AnChi Guo, Sagan Girod, Scott Han, Sukanta Saha, Vicki W. Lui, Marcia LeVatte, Vasuk Gautam, Rima Kaddurah-Daouk, Naama Karu
Summary: The Human Microbial Metabolome Database (MiMeDB) is a comprehensive multi-omic microbiome resource that connects microorganisms, microbial genomes, microbial metabolites, the human exposome, and human health. It contains detailed taxonomic and microbiological data on human microbes, linked to genomic and proteomic sequence data. The database also includes information about metabolites, reactions, enzymes, and exposure sources, as well as health effects and protein targets. MiMeDB aims to enable comprehensive multi-omic integration and is designed to be easy to search, browse, and navigate.
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Teresa Arcidiacono, Lorenza Macrina, Simone Premaschi, Arianna Bologna, Giulia Magni, Nadia Foligno, Monica Avino, Cristina Belloni, Nicola Palmieri, Ferruccio Conte, Sergio Bisegna, Marco Simonini, Giorgio Slaviero, Massimo Locatelli, Giuseppe Vezzoli
Summary: Serum free IS may be associated with PTH and 1,25(OH)(2)D secretion, whereas free PCS may predict cardiovascular risk in hemodialysis patients.
JOURNAL OF NEPHROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Rossella Di Paola, Ananya De, Raafiah Izhar, Marianna Abate, Silvia Zappavigna, Anna Capasso, Alessandra F. Perna, Antonella La Russa, Giovambattista Capasso, Michele Caraglia, Mariadelina Simeoni
Summary: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) leads to the accumulation and production of uremic toxins, which activate harmful processes. Gut dysbiosis is common in CKD patients and promotes the growth of certain bacteria that release substances like p-Cresol, Indoxyl Sulfate, and p-Cresyl Sulfate. These substances play a role in chronic inflammation, free radical production, and immune dysfunction, potentially contributing to colon cancer development. Further research is needed to fully understand the mechanisms behind this association.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Regiane Stafim da Cunha, Paulo Cezar Gregorio, Rayana Ariane Pereira Maciel, Giane Favretto, Celia Regina Cavichiolo Franco, Jenifer Pendiuk Goncalves, Marina Luise Viola de Azevedo, Roberto Pecoits-Filho, Andrea Emilia Marques Stinghen
Summary: Uremic toxins PCS and IS contribute to endothelial dysfunction in chronic kidney disease. This study found that CREB/ATF1 is activated by PCS, IS, and US in uremic conditions and may play a relevant role in endothelial dysfunction.
BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Xuechun Lin, Wangqun Liang, Li Li, Qianqian Xiong, Shuiqing He, Jing Zhao, Xiaolei Guo, Siyun Xiang, Piwei Zhang, Hong Wang, Chenjiang Ying, Ying Yao, Xuezhi Zuo
Summary: The present study revealed that patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) exhibit serious accumulation of indoxyl sulfate (IS) and p-cresyl sulfate (pCS), along with significant expansion of indole-producing bacteria and p-cresol-producing bacteria, upregulation of the bacterial tryptophan metabolism pathway, and greatly increased serum IS and pCS concentrations, whereas significant decline in daily IS and pCS removal.
JOURNAL OF RENAL NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Lara Caldiroli, Silvia Armelloni, Alessandra Eskander, Piergiorgio Messa, Vittoria Rizzo, Elisabetta Margiotta, Matteo Cesari, Simone Vettoretti
Summary: In a cross-sectional study of 93 patients with chronic kidney disease, it was found that indoxyl sulfate (IS) and p-cresyl sulfate (PCs) were not associated with sarcopenia, although they were linked to certain inflammatory pathways. Particularly, p-cresyl sulfate was positively associated with the Protein Energy Wasting syndrome (PEW).
EXPERIMENTAL GERONTOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Maria Teresa Rocchetti, Biagio Raffaele Di Iorio, Mirco Vacca, Carmela Cosola, Stefania Marzocco, Ighli di Bari, Francesco Maria Calabrese, Roberto Ciarcia, Maria De Angelis, Loreto Gesualdo
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the specific effect of ketoanalogs (KA)-supplemented diets for gut microbiota modulation in CKD patients. The results showed that KA-supplemented MD reduced certain microbial families and decreased levels of harmful substances, but was not as effective as the VLPD.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Li Chen, Junhe Shi, Xiaojuan Ma, Dazhuo Shi, Hua Qu
Summary: Microbiota-driven therapy has a modest effect on circulating IS concentration but can decrease PCS concentration in CKD patients. Prebiotic and synbiotic supplementation can effectively reduce PCS concentration, while probiotic supplementation does not show significant effects.
ADVANCES IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Nicolas Fabresse, Islam Amine Larabi, Emuri Abe, Elodie Lamy, Claire Rigothier, Ziad A. Massy, Jean-Claude Alvarez
Summary: The objective of this study was to investigate the correlation between saliva concentration and free serum concentration of 10 uremic toxins (UTs). Saliva and blood samples from 18 healthy volunteers were collected and analyzed using LC-MS/MS. The results showed a significant correlation between saliva and serum for six UTs, while the correlation for other substances was weak or not evident. This study is the first to report the saliva concentrations of TMAO, KYN, HA, PAGN, pCG, and 3-IAA.
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Lama Nazzal, Leland Soiefer, Michelle Chang, Farah Tamizuddin, Daria Schatoff, Lucas Cofer, Maria E. Aguero-Rosenfeld, Albert Matalon, Bjorn Meijers, Robert Holzman, Jerome Lowenstein
Summary: The study demonstrated that suppressing the microbiome with vancomycin led to changes in multiple gut-derived uremic solutes, but the recovery of solutes varied significantly among subjects.
KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lavinia Balint, Carmen Socaciu, Andreea Iulia Socaciu, Adrian Vlad, Florica Gadalean, Flaviu Bob, Oana Milas, Octavian Marius Cretu, Anca Suteanu-Simulescu, Mihaela Glavan, Silvia Ienciu, Maria Mogos, Dragos Catalin Jianu, Sorin Ursoniu, Victor Dumitrascu, Daliborca Vlad, Roxana Popescu, Ligia Petrica
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the relationship between metabolites derived from gut microbiota and indicators of endothelial, proximal tubule (PT), and podocyte dysfunction, as well as neurosonological indices. The results showed that in serum, arginine, butenoylcarnitine, and indoxyl sulfate were potential biomarkers of renal endothelial dysfunction and carotid atherosclerosis, while sorbitol may be a potential biomarker of blood-brain barrier dysfunction. In urine, BCA and IS were associated with markers of podocyte damage, whereas PCS correlated with markers of PT dysfunction.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Catherine McFarlane, Rathika Krishnasamy, Tony Stanton, Emma Savill, Matthew Snelson, Gabor Mihala, Jaimon T. Kelly, Mark Morrison, David W. Johnson, Katrina L. Campbell
Summary: The study evaluated the feasibility and effects of synbiotic supplementation in CKD patients, finding that synbiotics altered the gut microbiome and led to a decrease in kidney function.
Article
Statistics & Probability
Maarten Coemans, Geert Verbeke, Maarten Naesens
Summary: This study examines the diagnostic value of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in kidney graft rejection by building a joint model that combines characteristics of transition models and shared parameter models. Applying the model to data from University Hospitals Leuven, the study concludes that a negative deviation from the mean eGFR slope increases the probability of rejection in indication biopsies, but using the eGFR profile alone has limited benefit for diagnosing rejection when considering biopsy history. Methodologically, the study fills a gap in the biomarker literature by relating a frequently measured continuous outcome with a less frequently measured binary indicator, and the developed joint transition model is versatile and applicable to other research settings.
STATISTICAL MODELLING
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Sukhdeep S. Jatana, Hedi Zhao, Laurine M. Bow, Emanuele Cozzi, Ibrahim Batal, Tillie Horak, Alexandre Amar-Zifkin, Carrie Schinstock, Medhat Askar, Darshana M. Dadhania, Matthew Cooper, Maarten Naesens, Edward S. Kraus, Ruth Sapir-Pichhadze
Summary: This study systematically assessed the definition and prognostic implications of HLA incompatibility in transplant outcomes, finding heterogeneity in the definition and incomplete reporting of variables. The risk of bias in studies examining the association between death-censored graft failure and HLA incompatibility was high. Therefore, optimizing HLA compatibility assessment and standardizing the reporting of variables are necessary for improving transplant outcomes and promoting international collaboration.
Article
Surgery
Anna Buxeda, Laura Llinas-Mallol, Javier Gimeno, Dolores Redondo-Pachon, Carlos Arias-Cabrales, Carla Burballa, Adrian Puche, Miguel Lopez-Botet, Jose Yelamos, Carlos Vilches, Maarten Naesens, Maria Jose Perez-Saez, Julio Pascual, Marta Crespo
Summary: Isolated microvascular inflammation (iMVI) is a rare phenotype that cannot be classified as antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR) in recent Banff classifications because it lacks HLA donor-specific antibodies or C4d deposition. In this study, we compared peripheral blood leukocyte distribution and inflammatory infiltrates in kidney transplant biopsies among ABMR, iMVI, and normal cases. We found that iMVI had fewer lymphocytes and peripheral T cells compared to ABMR and normal cases, but more NKG2A+ NK cells. iMVI also showed decreased plasma cell infiltration and increased cytotoxic T cell infiltration compared to ABMR.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Claire Tinel, Baptiste Lamarthee, Stephane Gazut, Elisabet Van Loon, Florent Von Tokarski, Aurelien Benon, Virginia Sauvaget, Victor Garcia-Paredes, Mickael Menager, Lise Morin, Laila Aouni, Nicolas Cagnard, Marion Rabant, Christophe Legendre, Fabiola Terzi, Marie Essig, Wilfried Gwinner, Maarten Naesens, Pierre Marquet, Dany Anglicheau
Summary: Increasing evidence suggests that microRNAs are involved in the pathophysiology of renal diseases, including kidney transplantation. In this study, the researchers investigated the changes in circulating microRNA expression and their involvement in antibody-mediated rejection. They found that certain microRNAs were significantly decreased in samples with rejection, and these microRNAs were associated with myeloid-related pathways and CD14+ monocytes.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Georgia Chatonidi, Jonas Poppe, Kristin Verbeke
Summary: In this systematic review, the effects of common plant-based fermented foods on satiety cascade parameters were evaluated. Among the fermented foods, sourdough bread consumption showed promising results in reducing postprandial glucose response, but its relationship with appetite regulation remains unclear. Further well-designed clinical trials are needed to better understand how sourdough may modulate satiety and energy intake.
TRENDS IN FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Mara Lauriola, Ricard Farre, Pieter Evenepoel, Saskia Adriana Overbeek, Bjorn Meijers
Summary: Patients with CKD have a higher cardiovascular risk than the general population due to the accumulation of uremic toxins. Protein-bound uremic toxins originate from various sources and are difficult to remove with conventional therapies. Diet plays an important role in uremic toxicity, with most toxins derived from the gut. This review summarizes the sources of uremic toxins in foods and discusses their metabolism and potential dietary strategies for reducing their plasma levels.
Review
Urology & Nephrology
Marlies Noordzij, Bjorn Meijers, Ron T. Gansevoort, Adrian Covic, Raphael Duivenvoorden, Luuk B. Hilbrands, Marc H. Hemmelder, Kitty J. Jager, Geir Mjoen, Ionut Nistor, Ekaterina Parshina, Giuseppina Pessolano, Serhan Tuglular, Priya Vart, Luca Zanoli, Casper F. M. Franssen, ERACODA collaborators
Summary: This study analyzed the infection prevention and control strategies implemented by dialysis centers in Europe during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. The results showed that most centers implemented measures such as fever screening, hand disinfection, and mask-wearing to prevent the spread of the virus. There were variations between centers and national guidelines in terms of recommended distances between dialysis chairs and isolation practices.
CLINICAL KIDNEY JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Charlotte Evenepoel, Greet Vandermeulen, Anja Luypaerts, Daniel Vermeulen, Matthias Lannoo, Bart Van der Schueren, Johan Buyse, Kristin Verbeke
Summary: The study investigates the impact of different bariatric surgeries on nutrient absorption and colonic protein fermentation. The results show variations in fat, protein, and carbohydrate malabsorption between the surgical groups and controls, with increased protein fermentation in both surgical groups. This suggests a potential impact on colonic health and calls for further research.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2023)
Editorial Material
Urology & Nephrology
Thomas Demuynck, Alexander Wilmer, Bjorn Meijers
CLINICAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY
(2023)
Letter
Urology & Nephrology
Angelica Pagliazzi, Elisabet Van Loon, Maarten Naesens
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Marcus Boehme, Noela Remond-Derbez, Clara Lerond, Luca Lavalle, Sonia Keddani, Myriam Steinmann, Andreas Rytz, Boushra Dalile, Kristin Verbeke, Lukas Van Oudenhove, Pascal Steiner, Bernard Berger, Maria Vicario, Gabriela Bergonzelli, Sara Colombo Mottaz, Julie Hudry
Summary: Emerging science suggests that probiotic intake may have an impact on stress and mental health. This study examined the effects of a 6-week intervention with Bifidobacterium longum on stress-related parameters in healthy adults with mild-to-moderate stress. The results showed that probiotic supplementation significantly reduced perceived stress and improved subjective sleep quality compared to placebo, indicating the potential of probiotics in improving mental health.
Article
Microbiology
Jonas Poppe, Sara Vieira-Silva, Jeroen Raes, Kristin Verbeke, Gwen Falony
Summary: In vitro fermentation strategies using fecal inocula provide cost-effective methods for studying the dynamics of fecal microbiota communities. However, these methods have limitations due to differences from the in vivo situation, which can introduce biases into the results. This study aimed to optimize in vitro fermentation conditions to minimize drift from the initial inoculum, limit growth of opportunistic colonizers, and maximize the effect of added fiber products. The researchers found that starting cell densities below 10(10) cells/ml allowed for the growth of Enterobacteriaceae family members, especially when using frozen fecal samples stored at -80°C. Higher medium nutrient concentrations helped preserve the inoculum community, but using a less nutrient dense medium increased the impact of fiber product addition on metabolite profiles.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Danique La Torre, Lukas Van Oudenhove, Tim Vanuytsel, Kristin Verbeke
Summary: Stress can increase intestinal permeability through mast-cell dependent mechanisms, but there are difficulties in drawing conclusions about the relationship between stress and intestinal permeability in human research compared to animal studies.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF STRESS
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
S. Jahanbakhsh, J. Howland, M. O. Ndayishimiye Uwineza, M. T. Thwaites, C. M. Pillar, A. W. Serio, D. M. Anastasiou, D. A. Hufnagel
Summary: Omadacycline demonstrated intracellular activity against M. abscessus, similar to tigecycline, but not against clarithromycin and amikacin.
JAC-ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Konstantinos Korompokis, Jan A. Delcour, Kristin Verbeke
Summary: This study aimed to enzymatically elongate amylopectin chains to promote retrogradation and investigate its impact on glycemic responses. The results showed that there were no significant differences in postprandial glycemic responses between the enzymatically modified oatmeal porridge and the unmodified counterpart.
