Article
Immunology
Rachel M. Burke, Shuman Shih, Chao Agnes Hsiung, Catherine Yen, Baoming Jiang, Umesh D. Parashar, Jacqueline E. Tate, Fang-Tzy Wu, Yhu-Chering Huang
Summary: Although Taiwan did not include rotavirus vaccines in the national immunization schedule, the study found that the vaccines still significantly reduced pediatric hospitalization rates associated with rotavirus.
Article
Immunology
Louisa Pollock, Aisleen Bennett, Khuzwayo C. Jere, Jonathan Mandolo, Queen Dube, Naor Bar-Zeev, Robert S. Heyderman, Nigel A. Cunliffe, Miren Iturriza-Gomara
Summary: Low plasma RV-specific IgA is strongly associated with rotavirus vaccine failure in Malawian infants. This study provides further evidence that RV-specific IgA is a marker of protection, although the question of reduced rotavirus vaccine efficacy in low-income countries remains unclear.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Rachel M. Burke, Jacqueline E. Tate, Umesh D. Parashar
Summary: Rotavirus vaccines have been widely introduced in 106 countries globally, demonstrating effectiveness against severe disease and mortality with a favorable benefit-risk profile. Ongoing research aims to understand geographic disparities in vaccine effectiveness to optimize strategies worldwide.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Rachel M. Burke, Holly C. Groom, Allison L. Naleway, Eric M. Katz, Bianca Salas, Claire P. Mattison, Judy Donald, Laura Tsaknaridis, Christianne Biggs, Michael D. Bowen, Jacqueline E. Tate, Umesh D. Parashar, Mark Schmidt, Aron J. Hall
Summary: The study demonstrates the high effectiveness of rotavirus vaccination in protecting children from mild to severe diseases. By utilizing different case definitions, the study further confirms the effectiveness of rotavirus vaccination in preventing qRT-PCR-defined illnesses.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Roger Glass, Jacqueline E. Tate, Baoming Jiang, Umesh Parashar
Summary: Rotavirus is the leading pathogen causing severe diarrhea in children worldwide, but vaccines have successfully reduced hospitalizations and deaths. However, the effectiveness of these vaccines is lower in low-income countries, prompting the development of new vaccines to address this issue.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Daniel C. Payne, Monica McNeal, Mary Allen Staat, Alexandra M. Piasecki, Allison Cline, Emily DeFranco, Michelle G. Goveia, Umesh D. Parashar, Rachel M. Burke, Ardythe L. Morrow
Summary: Rotavirus-specific antibodies continue to be transferred from US mothers to their offspring in the post-rotavirus vaccine era, despite significant decreases in childhood rotavirus gastroenteritis.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Benjamin L. Hamel, Jenny Patel, Jenna Still, Avni Joshi
Summary: A healthy two-month-old boy developed prolonged non-bloody diarrhea after receiving the rotavirus pentavalent vaccine. Further investigation revealed mild defects in his T-cell immunocompetence and ruled out hereditary forms of primary immunodeficiencies. The source of the rotavirus infection could not be determined, and the caregivers refused further vaccinations due to misconceptions.
Article
Microbiology
Tintu Varghese, Shainey Alokit Khakha, Sidhartha Giri, Nayana P. Nair, Manohar Badur, Geeta Gathwala, Sanjeev Chaudhury, Shayam Kaushik, Mrutunjay Dash, Nirmal K. Mohakud, Rajib K. Ray, Prasantajyoti Mohanty, Chethrapilly Purushothaman Girish Kumar, Seshadri Venkatasubramanian, Rashmi Arora, Venkata Raghava Mohan, Jacqueline E. Tate, Umesh D. Parashar, Gagandeep Kang
Summary: After the introduction of the indigenous rotavirus vaccine in India in 2016, surveillance showed a decrease in rotavirus positivity and changes in strain distribution. There was an increase in mixed genotypes observed in the post-vaccination period, highlighting the importance of continuous long-term surveillance.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Avnika B. Amin, Timothy L. Lash, Jacqueline E. Tate, Lance A. Waller, Mary E. Wikswo, Umesh D. Parashar, Laura S. Stewart, James D. Chappell, Natasha B. Halasa, John Williams, Marian G. Michaels, Robert W. Hickey, Eileen J. Klein, Janet A. Englund, Geoffrey A. Weinberg, Peter G. Szilagyi, Mary Allen Staat, Monica M. McNeal, Julie A. Boom, Leila C. Sahni, Rangaraj Selvarangan, Christopher J. Harrison, Mary E. Moffatt, Jennifer E. Schuster, Barbara A. Pahud, Gina M. Weddle, Parvin H. Azimi, Samantha H. Johnston, Daniel C. Payne, Michael D. Bowen, Benjamin A. Lopman
Summary: This study analyzed six years of data from eight surveillance sites in the United States and found that estimates of annual rotavirus vaccine effectiveness fluctuated over time, especially when cases were defined by on-site enzyme immunoassay alone. The use of confirmatory testing to define cases reduced fluctuations, but did not eliminate them. Controlling for time-varying rotavirus activity and bias-adjusting for diagnostic misclassification are both critical for estimating the most valid annual rotavirus vaccine effectiveness.
Article
Immunology
Jacqueline E. Tate, Jason M. Mwenda, Adama Mamby Keita, Toussaint Wendlamita Tapsoba, Edouard Ngendahayo, Bertin Dibi Kouame, Ahmadou Lamin Samateh, Negar Aliabadi, Seydou Sissoko, Yacouba Traore, Justin Bayisenga, Moufidath Sounkere-Soro, Sheriffo Jagne, Rachel M. Burke, Uma Onwuchekwa, Ma Ouattara, Joel B. Bikoroti, Kofi N'Zue, Eyal Leshem, Oumar Coulibaly, Issa Ouedraogo, Jeannine Uwimana, Samba Sow, Umesh D. Parashar
Summary: In a pooled analysis from 5 African countries, RotaTeq vaccination was not associated with an increased risk of intussusception, highlighting the importance of vaccine-specific and setting-specific risk monitoring.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Megan E. Peck, Lee M. Hampton, Sebastian Antoni, Ike Ogbuanu, Fatima Serhan, Tomoka Nakamura, Jenny A. Walldorf, Adam L. Cohen
Summary: The study found that countries participating in or conducting surveillance for invasive pneumococcal disease or rotavirus disease were more likely to introduce PCV or rotavirus vaccine. However, there is currently insufficient evidence to demonstrate whether countries with higher rotavirus positivity are more likely to introduce the vaccine.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Virology
Yuta Kanai, Misa Onishi, Takahiro Kawagishi, Pimfhun Pannacha, Jeffery A. Nurdin, Ryotaro Nouda, Moeko Yamasaki, Tina Lusiany, Pattara Khamrin, Shoko Okitsu, Satoshi Hayakawa, Hirotaka Ebina, Hiroshi Ushijima, Takeshi Kobayashi
Summary: Reverse genetics has been used to develop a new vaccine platform capable of generating recombinant rotaviruses carrying specific VP4 and VP7 genes, providing a promising approach for rapid vaccine production.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Kadri Koivumagi, Hiie Soeorg, Karolin Toompere, Eveli Kallas, Ene-Ly Joegeda, Evely Lass, Kristi Huik, Irja Lutsar
Summary: This study in Estonia focused on determining circulating RV genotypes and clinical profiles among children hospitalized due to RVGE after the introduction of the RV vaccine. Results showed changes in RV genotypes post-vaccination, with increased diversity and variations in clinical profiles among different genotypes. The study adds to understanding of RV genotype distribution in Europe and the impact of universal mass vaccination on RV epidemiology.
PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL
(2021)
Review
Microbiology
Roberto Carcamo-Calvo, Carlos Munoz, Javier Buesa, Jesus Rodriguez-Diaz, Roberto Gozalbo-Rovira
Summary: Rotavirus is the leading cause of severe acute childhood gastroenteritis, with vaccines showing effectiveness in reducing mortality but facing challenges in developing countries. The current vaccines have limitations in terms of efficacy and accessibility, leaving a significant portion of children worldwide unvaccinated and vulnerable. Researchers are exploring alternative vaccine options to address these issues.
Article
Virology
Slavica Mijatovic-Rustempasic, Jose Jaimes, Charity Perkins, M. Leanne Ward, Mathew D. Esona, Rashi Gautam, Jamie Lewis, Michele Sturgeon, Junaid Panjwani, Gail A. Bloom, Steve Miller, Erik Reisdorf, Ann Marie Riley, Morgan A. Pence, James Dunn, Rangaraj Selvarangan, Robert C. Jerris, Dona DeGroat, Umesh D. Parashar, Margaret M. Cortese, Michael D. Bowen
Summary: This study reported the genotype distribution of group A rotaviruses (RVA) collected over a span of 20 years and found changes in genotype dominance. Vaccine strains and uncommon/unusual strains were also detected. Continuous surveillance is needed to understand the long-term effects of vaccine use on RVA epidemiology and evolutionary dynamics.