Article
Infectious Diseases
Ajib Diptyanusa, Ika Puspa Sari, Agnes Kurniawan
Summary: Children living with HIV have an increased risk of Cryptosporidium infection, which can cause chronic diarrhea and have negative effects on growth and cognitive function. A study conducted in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, aimed to estimate the prevalence of cryptosporidiosis, describe its clinical characteristics, and identify risk factors. The study found a high prevalence of asymptomatic cryptosporidiosis among HIV-infected children and identified diarrhea, drinking well water, and drinking untreated water as independent risk factors.
TROPICAL MEDICINE AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
U. Venkateswara Prasad, Phaniraj Vastrad, N. Chandan, Manish J. Barvaliya, Rahul Kirte, R. Sabarinath, Suman K. Ray, B. Ravichandran, Tapas Chakma, Manoj V. Murhekar, Subarna Roy
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence of dental fluorosis in 6-12 year old children and its association with drinking water sources, water, and urine fluoride levels in 17 villages of Raichur district in Karnataka, India. The results showed a prevalence rate of 46.0%, with the odds of dental fluorosis increasing with age. Higher water fluoride levels (3-5 ppm) and urine fluoride levels (>4 ppm) were significantly associated with greater odds of dental fluorosis. Other sources of drinking water, compared to river water, were also significantly associated with higher odds of dental fluorosis.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
S. L. Weston, R. P. Collins, J. B. Boxall
Summary: This research provides new insights into how hydraulic transients can mobilise material adhered to the pipe wall within drinking water distribution networks, impacting water quality and customer satisfaction. The study shows that mobilisation generally occurs in the first dynamic surge of the transient, with differences observed between the physical processes governing mobilisation in different types of transients.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mukesh Prasad, R. S. Aswal, Abhishek Joshi, G. Anil Kumar, R. C. Ramola
Summary: The occurrence of heavy metals in drinking water can pose a threat to water quality, but this study found that the concentrations of most heavy metals in potable water samples collected from the Mandakini valley in the Garhwal Himalaya region of India were below the reference values, indicating no health risks. The results of this study provide important baseline data for state and national regulatory agencies.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Ammar Alkhalidi, Suhil Kiwan, Abdullah Al-Hayajneh
Summary: The freezing desalination process for brackish water is a developed technology with low energy consumption, and the experimental results show that high-quality drinking water can be achieved.
CASE STUDIES IN THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Showkat Ahmad Lone, Sami Ullah Bhat, Aadil Hamid, Farooz Ahmad Bhat, Amit Kumar
Summary: This study investigated the water quality of freshwater springs in South Kashmir over a two-year period (2013-2015) and found that the water quality was good, with potential to meet the increasing demand for drinking water. Principal component analysis showed that variations in water quality were mainly influenced by discharge, temperature, dissolved oxygen, as well as lithology and anthropogenic inputs.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Suman Kanungo, Pranab Chatterjee, Jayanta Saha, Tania Pan, Nandini Datta Chakrabarty, Shanta Dutta
Summary: The study found high WASH coverage among residents of urban slums in Kolkata, with some issues such as unhealthy disposal of children's stools. While most households had access to piped water, some still spent a significant amount of time fetching water. Food hygiene practices were good, but frequent consumption of street food was reported.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Shipra Tyagi, Manushi Siddarth, Brijesh Kumar Mishra, Basu Dev Banerjee, Abdul Jamil Urfi, Sri Venkata Madhu
Summary: Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) are synthetic pesticides widely used in agriculture and public health, posing challenges due to their high toxicity, slow degradation, and bioaccumulation. This study in North India found higher OCP levels in groundwater than tap water, with a positive association between OCP levels and risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) after long-term exposure to contaminated groundwater. The findings highlight the importance of monitoring OCP contamination in drinking water to mitigate health risks, particularly related to diabetes.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2021)
Article
Water Resources
T. Geetha
Summary: The study found that students most commonly use polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles to carry water, which may lead to health issues due to the leaching of phthalates and antimony into the water. While the concentrations of these substances were not high enough to pose a threat to human life, the increasing trend of antimony concentration with temperature and time is concerning.
APPLIED WATER SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Himani Yadav, S. Sethulekshmi, Amritanshu Shriwastav
Summary: The extent of human exposure to microplastics is currently unknown. This study estimated exposure levels through drinking water, food, and air sampling. The results showed that food ingestion was the major pathway, with fragments as the dominant particle type.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Qiaozhi Liu, Yuan Zhuang, Baoyou Shi
Summary: The addition of three-dimensional reduced graphene oxide (3D-rGO) as an additive was found to enhance the stability of cement mortar lining (CML) and reduce the leaching of its constituents. Molecular dynamics simulation showed that 3D-rGO nanosheets strengthened the tensile strain of cement and restricted the movement of calcium ions by forming strong bonds with the calcium-silicate-hydrate gel network. Moreover, 3D-rGO modified cement reduced the formation of disinfection by-products and microbial richness in drinking water. Therefore, reinforcing CML iron pipes with 3D-rGO can enhance their safety and durability in drinking water distribution systems.
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Hongyu Guo, Shimiao Zong, Li Yong, Yang Jiang, Ling Qin, Liang Zhou, Qiaoqiao Ren, Xufang Gao, Fayang Kang, Wei Huang, Jianyu Chen, Li Zhang
Summary: This study investigated the association between perchlorate concentration in drinking water and the height and weight of children and adolescents in Sichuan Province. The results showed that an increase in perchlorate concentration was associated with a decrease in height and weight of children and adolescents, suggesting a potential negative impact on their development.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Nathan H. Weber, Cameron S. Delva, Sebastian P. Stockenhuber, Charles C. Grimison, John A. Lucas, John C. Mackie, Michael Stockenhuber, Eric M. Kennedy
Summary: Pyrolysis of PFOS was studied, and a new low-temperature product C2F4 was discovered. The pyrolysis mechanism and adsorption behavior were investigated.
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Priyanka Kumari, Anil Kumar Misra
Summary: High fluoride intake from groundwater poses a significant health risk to children, particularly in Munger. A study was conducted to evaluate the non-carcinogenic health risks associated with excessive fluoride consumption in drinking water. Findings revealed that 13.8% of groundwater samples in Munger exceeded the allowable limit of fluoride concentration. Children in Munger are highly vulnerable to non-carcinogenic health risks through prolonged fluoride intake via drinking water.
HUMAN AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Chao Zhang, Lingyun Huang, Hongyin Long
Summary: This study uses the implementation of the Ten-point Water Plan policy in 2015 as an exogenous event and employs a quasi-experimental method to analyze panel data of Chinese listed companies from 2010 to 2019. The results show that the policy has a significant negative effect on the green innovation of water pollution-intensive enterprises, mainly due to increased compliance costs. Heterogeneity analysis reveals that the negative effect is stronger for higher-cost green innovation activities and WPIEs subject to stricter environmental regulations. This research challenges the weak Porter hypothesis and suggests that incentive-based measures should be taken to foster green innovation in environmental policymaking.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Development Studies
Joko Adianto, Rossa Turpuk Gabe, Rini Kurniawati, Suciyhuma Armenda
Summary: This study examines the relationship between housing satisfaction and low-income tenants' willingness to pay rental fees in government-owned rental apartments (GORAs) in Indonesia. It reveals that the physical features of GORAs do not necessarily increase housing satisfaction due to the failure to accommodate residents' sociocultural context and the prohibition of adjustments to the units, resulting in diminished financial capacity and social ties.
HOUSING POLICY DEBATE
(2023)
Article
Environmental Studies
Joko Adianto, Rossa Turpuk Gabe
Summary: This empirical study suggests that forced eviction is a crucial determinant for the housing choices of low-income migrants, who tend to rebuild their lives in locations closer to their family members.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF URBAN SCIENCES
(2023)
Editorial Material
Health Care Sciences & Services
Elena N. N. Naumova
JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH POLICY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Health Care Sciences & Services
Elena N. Naumova
JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH POLICY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Breanne K. Langlois, Elizabeth Marsh, Tyler Stotland, Ryan B. Simpson, Katherine Berry, David A. Carroll, Aris Ismanto, Magaly Koch, Elena N. Naumova
Summary: We explored the link between the national disaster database maintained by the Indonesian National Board for Disaster Management and the global flood monitoring database of Dartmouth Flood Observatory to aid local vulnerability assessment in Indonesia. We calculated a vulnerability metric for physical damage from flooding using principal component analysis and identified the most vulnerable areas as well as nonhomogeneous spatiotemporal trends of flooding and vulnerability. This study demonstrates the potential usability of public climate data and provides directions for further research.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Tarun K. George, Nayana P. Nair, Awnish Kumar Singh, A. Dilesh Kumar, Arup Deb Roy, Varshini Neethi Mohan, Gagandeep Kang
Summary: This study proposed a multi-criteria decision analysis framework to guide decision-makers in comparing vaccines in the Indian context. Through virtual workshops and weight allocation, the final scores for each vaccine were calculated. Based on the available data and stakeholder preference, Covaxin, Janssen, and Sputnik were identified as preferred options.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Joseph A. Lewnard, Chandra B. Mohan, Gagandeep Kang, Ramanan Laxminarayan
Summary: Globally, there were 9.5 million excess deaths during 2020-2021 compared to documented COVID-19 deaths, mainly occurring in low- and middle-income countries with limited vital surveillance. By analyzing death registrations from Madurai, India, this study reveals the contributions of probable COVID-19 deaths and other factors to excess all-cause mortality. The implementation of lockdown measures was associated with a reduction in all-cause mortality, but also led to increases in cancer deaths.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Veeraraghavan Balaji, Duy M. M. Dinh, Anne V. V. Kane, Sajid Soofi, Imran Ahmed, Arjumand Rizvi, Meera Chatterjee, Sudhir Babji, Joanne Duara, Joy Moy, Elena N. N. Naumova, Christine A. A. Wanke, Honorine D. D. Ward, Zulfiqar A. A. Bhutta
Summary: This longitudinal study in Sindh, Pakistan found that age, residential location, and intervention had significant effects on the composition, relative abundance, and diversity of the intestinal microbiota in children under 24 months of age. The study highlights the importance of longitudinal studies with larger sample sizes to fully understand the intestinal microbiota of children in resource-limited settings.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Shmuel Shoham, Carolina Batista, Yanis Ben Amor, Onder Ergonul, Mazen Hassanain, Peter Hotez, Gagandeep Kang, Jerome H. Kim, Bhavna Lall, Heidi J. Larson, Denise Naniche, Timothy Sheahan, Nathalie Strub-Wourgaft, Samba O. Sow, Annelies Wilder-Smith, Prashant Yadav, Maria Elena Bottazzi
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a disproportionate impact on immunocompromised patients, who are at increased risk for impaired vaccine responses, severe disease, prolonged hospitalizations, and deaths. People with deficiencies in lymphocyte number or function, such as transplant recipients and those with hematologic malignancies, are particularly at risk. Their impaired immune responses to vaccination and infection leave them more vulnerable to high viral loads and severe complications of COVID-19, which can in turn lead to disease progression, development of immune escape variants, and transmission of infection.
Editorial Material
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Kamran Abbasi, Parveen Ali, Virginia Barbour, Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo, Marcel G. M. Olde Rikkert, Richard Horton, Robert Mash, Carlos Monteiro, Elena N. N. Naumova, Eric J. J. Rubin, Peush Sahni, James Tumwine, Paul Yonga, Chris Zielinski, Arun Mitra, Tilman Ruff, Andy Haines, Ira Helfand
ACTA OBSTETRICIA ET GYNECOLOGICA SCANDINAVICA
(2023)
Editorial Material
Allergy
Kamran Abbasi, Parveen Ali, Virginia Barbour, Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo, Marcel G. M. Olde Rikkert, Andy Haines, Ira Helfand, Richard Horton, Bob Mash, Arun Mitra, Carlos Monteiro, Elena N. N. Naumova, Eric J. J. Rubin, Tilman Ruff, Peush Sahni, James Tumwine, Paul Yonga, Chris Zielinski
Article
Immunology
Jonathan Mandolo, Edward P. K. Parker, Christina Bronowski, Kulandaipalayam Natarajan C. Sindhu, Alistair C. Darby, Nigel A. Cunliffe, Gagandeep Kang, Miren Iturriza-Gomara, Arox W. Kamng'ona, Khuzwayo C. Jere, RoVI Study Grp
Summary: Breastmilk microbiota composition does not appear to play a significant role in the response to oral rotavirus vaccines in infants from India, Malawi, and the UK.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Christopher B. Uzzell, Dilip Abraham, Jonathan Rigby, Catherine M. Troman, Satheesh Nair, Nicola Elviss, Lalithambigai Kathiresan, Rajan Srinivasan, Veeraraghavan Balaji, Nicolette A. Zhou, John Scott Meschke, Jacob John, Gagandeep Kang, Nicholas Feasey, Venkata Raghava Mohan, Nicholas C. Grassly
Summary: Environmental surveillance can be used for the prevention of typhoid fever and vaccine introduction, and it can describe the prevalence and distribution of Salmonella Typhi even in the absence of typhoid cases.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Gagandeep Kang, Anand Lakhkar, Chetanraj Bhamare, Abhijeet Dharmadhikari, Jyoti Narwadkar, Arti Kanujia, Sajjad Desai, Bhagwat Gunale, Cyrus S. Poonawalla, Prasad S. Kulkarni
Summary: This study examined the safety of ROTASIIL, an oral rotavirus vaccine, in real-world settings in India. The majority of adverse events were unrelated to ROTASIIL and were likely caused by concomitant vaccines. Only a small number of adverse events could be attributed to ROTASIIL, all of which were mild or moderate in severity and resolved without sequelae. Overall, ROTASIIL was found to be safe and well tolerated.
Article
Environmental Studies
Joko Adianto, Rossa Turpuk Gabe, Nadya Octavia
Summary: This study establishes an alternative intra-migration stage for urban renters. Existing literature suggests that increasing monthly incomes and changing housing priorities do not lead to housing mobility among slum inhabitants due to strong social ties. Instead, renters mutate conventional intra-migration patterns based on their distinctive characteristics and housing priorities.