Review
Cell Biology
Fernando Jose Rascon-Ramirez, Noelia Esteban-Garcia, Juan Antonio Barcia, Albert Trondin, Cristina Nombela, Leyre Sanchez-Sanchez-Rojas
Summary: Clinical trials of cell therapies targeting stroke have shown significant growth in recent years, mainly focusing on phases I and II. Most published studies indicate that stem cells are safe to use via various routes of administration, with transient and mild adverse events that do not generally have severe consequences for health. However, there is considerable variation in statistical design, sample size, cell types, routes of administration, and functional assessments among these trials, making comparison difficult. Establishing a standardized criteria for these clinical trials will be essential for future studies to ensure favorable and reliable results.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Liying Sun, Chi Zhang, Shuhua An, Xiangpeng Chen, Yamei Li, Leshan Xiu, Baoping Xu, Zhengde Xie, Junping Peng
Summary: This study evaluated the value of molecular methods in managing community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in children. The combined-MS methods showed improved pathogen detection and guided antibiotic therapy adjustments, potentially reducing hospitalization time for severe CAP patients.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Jonathan Solomon, Magdalena Raskova, Daniel Rosel, Jan Brabek, Hava Gil-Henn
Summary: Metastasis is a significant factor in the mortality rates of solid tumor cancer patients, yet research has traditionally focused on characteristics that make tumor cells proliferative and different from normal cells, neglecting the importance of metastasis. Metastasis-free survival has been approved as a primary endpoint in clinical trials, shifting the focus towards evaluating the prognosis of nonmetastatic cancer patients.
Article
Pediatrics
Mingyu Tang, Wenfang Dong, Shuhua Yuan, Jiande Chen, Jie Lin, Jinhong Wu, Jing Zhang, Yong Yin, Lei Zhang
Summary: This retrospective study compared the changes in respiratory pathogens in hospitalized children with community-acquired pneumonia during the COVID-19 pandemic from 2019 to 2020. The study found that strict public health interventions in China effectively suppressed the spread of not only SARS-CoV2 but parainfluenza virus, influenza virus, and Mycoplasma pneumonia as well, while having a more limited effect on bacteria and rhinovirus.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Min Hyuk Choi, Dokyun Kim, Kyoung Hwa Lee, Jae Hwa Cho, Seok Hoon Jeong
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the changes in pathogens causing hospital-acquired bacterial pneumonia (HABP), their antimicrobial resistance patterns, and the risk factors for 28-day all-cause mortality in patients with HABP. The annual incidence of Staphylococcus aureus HABP decreased while that of Klebsiella pneumoniae HABP increased significantly. The resistance rate of S. aureus to methicillin decreased, while the non-susceptibility rate of K. pneumoniae to carbapenems increased. HABP caused by certain pathogens and preceded by COVID-19 was associated with increased mortality and incidence of bacteraemic pneumonia.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS
(2023)
Article
Respiratory System
Hannah Lawrence, Tricia M. McKeever, Wei Shen Lim, British Thoracic Soc
Summary: The readmission rates for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in the UK have increased over the past decade. This study aimed to describe the cohort of patients who were readmitted within 30 days after hospitalisation for CAP in England and explore the reasons for this. A retrospective analysis was performed using data from the British Thoracic Society audit, and it was found that pneumonia was the most common condition treated on readmission and had a higher mortality rate than other diagnoses.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Chen Sun, Alan Chu, Rui Song, Shijia Liu, Ting Chai, Xin Wang, Zongwen Liu
Summary: The combination of PARP inhibitors and radiotherapy has great potential in cancer treatment, enhancing the sensitivity of cancer cells to radiation, intensifying DNA damage, and triggering cell death. Clinical trials have shown that this combination therapy improves response rates and progression-free survival in diverse cancer patients.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Yuto Akiyama, Takashi Ishiguro, Ryuji Uozumi, Takashi Nishida, Yoichi Kobayashi, Noboru Takayanagi
Summary: This study found that age, general condition, comorbidities, and specific pathogens were predictors of long-term prognosis in CAP patients. Respiratory diseases were the most common cause of death post-CAP.
RESPIRATORY MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
John A. Clark, Andrew Conway Morris, Martin D. Curran, Deborah White, Esther Daubney, Iain R. L. Kean, Vilas Navapurkar, Josefin Bartholdson Scott, Mailis Maes, Rachel Bousfield, M. Estee Torok, David Inwald, Zhenguang Zhang, Shruti Agrawal, Constantinos Kanaris, Fahad Khokhar, Theodore Gouliouris, Stephen Baker, Nazima Pathan
Summary: This study evaluated a molecular diagnostic test for lower respiratory tract infection and found that it had high sensitivity and specificity compared to routine microbiology testing. The test also provided faster results, which could aid in the better use of antimicrobial therapy.
Article
Immunology
Stephen M. Bart, Daniel Rubin, Peter Kim, John J. Farley, Sumathi Nambiar
Summary: Recent analysis of Phase 3 noninferiority trials for hospital-acquired and ventilator-associated bacterial pneumonia revealed higher 28-day all-cause mortality rates among ventilated patients. Factors such as age, residence, diagnosis, and bacterial infection type were associated with mortality risk. A. baumannii infections were more common in Eastern European and Asia/Pacific participants with ventilator-associated pneumonia.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Catia Cilloniz, Juan Manuel Pericas, Walter H. Curioso
Summary: This article reviews the factors related to CAP-associated outcomes, including host, microorganism, therapeutic approach, and health system organization. The aim is to discuss controversial points and provide recommendations for further research and patient management to improve CAP outcomes, beyond mortality.
EXPERT REVIEW OF ANTI-INFECTIVE THERAPY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Oncology
Michael K. Gould
Summary: The goal of delivering personalized lung cancer screening is important, and balancing tradeoffs between effectiveness, efficiency, and equity to meet the needs of patients and other stakeholders is crucial. Tools such as the ENGAGE framework will continue to inspire and shape the ongoing conversation.
Editorial Material
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Shannon C. Munro, Dian Baker, Karen K. Giuliano, Sheila C. Sullivan, Judith Haber, Barbara E. Jones, Matthew B. Crist, Richard E. Nelson, Evan Carey, Olivia Lounsbury, Michelle Lucatorto, Ryan Miller, Brian Pauley, Michael Klompas
Summary: The document outlines the research needs to support the call to action against non-ventilator-associated hospital-acquired pneumonia (NVHAP) in the United States. Primary needs include estimating the economic cost of NVHAP, elucidating the pathophysiology, developing surveillance methods, testing prevention strategies, and identifying policy levers. A joint task force including various stakeholders developed this document.
INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Marya D. Zilberberg, Brian H. Nathanson, Laura A. Puzniak, Andrew F. Shorr
Summary: Study in a large U.S. database explored the epidemiology and outcomes of hospital-acquired bacterial pneumonia and ventilator-associated bacterial pneumonia. Findings revealed that patients with ventilated hospital-acquired bacterial pneumonia had the highest mortality rate, while ventilator-associated bacterial pneumonia incurred the highest costs.
CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Serena Brancati, Lucia Gozzo, Laura Longo, Daniela Cristina Vitale, Filippo Drago
Summary: Rituximab has been shown to be a highly effective alternative in treating multiple sclerosis, with good effectiveness, safety, and patient compliance. Despite its off-label use in some countries, national regulatory authorities could officially recognize its usage through specific procedures to ensure equal access for patients to a safe and effective option.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Aline Moser, Esther Kuenzli, Thomas Budel, Edgar Campos-Madueno, Odette J. Bernasconi, Susan DeCrom-Beer, Barbara Jakopp, Ali Haji Mohammed, Nadir Khatib Hassan, Jan Fehr, Jakob Zinsstag, Christoph Hatz, Andrea Endimiani
Summary: This study compared extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant and/or colistin-resistant Escherichia coli strains obtained from travelers and local sources in Switzerland and Zanzibar. The findings showed that at least one-third of returning travelers carried antibiotic-resistant E. coli strains that were also found in local residents, food, animals, or environmental sources.
JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY
(2021)
Editorial Material
Infectious Diseases
Edgar I. Campos-Madueno, Carola Mauri, Elisa Meroni, Pablo Porragas Paseiro, Alessandra Consonni, Francesco Luzzaro, Andrea Endimiani
Summary: This study reports two bla(KPC-3)-positive isolates identified as Klebsiella oxytoca and Escherichia coli in the same rectal swab. Whole-genome sequencing revealed that the K. oxytoca isolate was actually Klebsiella grimontii, while the E. coli isolate belonged to a different strain. The study also identified additional bla(KPC)-positive K. grimontii strains misidentified as K. oxytoca in public databases.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY & INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Edgar Campos-Madueno, Aline Moser, Geraldine Jost, Carola Maffioli, Thomas Bodmer, Vincent Perreten, Andrea Endimiani
Summary: This study provides the first description of the features of CP-Kp circulating in Switzerland in both human and non-human settings. Genomic analysis revealed that the emerging high-risk lineages of ST11 and ST307 are often isolated from non-human settings. This study serves as a baseline for future whole-genome sequencing-based One-Health surveillance of CP-Kp and highlights the need for metadata to track dissemination routes between different settings.
JOURNAL OF GLOBAL ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Parham Sendi, Marc Thierstein, Nadja Widmer, Flora Babongo Bosombo, Annina Elisabeth Buechi, Dominik Guentensperger, Manuel Raphael Blum, Rossella Baldan, Caroline Tinguely, Brigitta Gahl, Dik Heg, Elitza S. Theel, Elie Berbari, Andrea Endimiani, Peter Gowland, Christoph Niederhauser
Summary: This study assesses the COVID-19 risk among police officers and demonstrates the effectiveness of vaccination in reducing the infection rate. The study population had a 6-month infection rate of 1.8%, lower than the general population. Vaccinated participants showed a decreasing trend in antibody titers 150-200 days after the second dose.
IMMUNITY INFLAMMATION AND DISEASE
(2022)
Correction
Infectious Diseases
Edgar I. Campos-Madueno, Aline I. Moser, Geraldine Jost, Carola Maffioli, Thomas Bodmer, Vincent Perreten, Andrea Endimiani
JOURNAL OF GLOBAL ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Javier E. Fernandez, Helena M. B. Seth-Smith, Patrice Nordmann, Adrian Egli, Andrea Endimiani, Vincent Perreten
Summary: This study discovered a novel multidrug resistance plasmid pJEF1-OXA-181, which carries carbapenemase and aminoglycoside resistance genes. It highlights the risk of multidrug resistance plasmids spreading in the healthcare system and calls for continuous monitoring of multidrug-resistant bacteria in high-risk patients.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2022)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Edgar I. Campos-Madueno, Melika Moradi, Yasmine Eddoubaji, Fatemeh Shahi, Sina Moradi, Odette J. Bernasconi, Aline I. Moser, Andrea Endimiani
Summary: Infections caused by ESBL- and/or carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (Ent) have had a significant clinical impact globally. These multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens, particularly Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae, can cause infections originating from asymptomatic intestinal colonization, leading to potential transmission. Rapid identification of gut carriers is important for preventing serious infections and transmission. This review summarizes various aspects of intestinal colonization by MDR-Ent, including screening techniques, prevalence and risk factors, clinical impact, colonization duration, and strategies for decolonization.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY & INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Aline I. Moser, Edgar I. Campos-Madueno, Vincent Perreten, Andrea Endimiani
Summary: This study investigated the structural changes and accumulation of core-genome single nucleotide variants (cgSNVs) in multidrug-resistant bacteria during a few propagation steps under laboratory conditions. It was found that some strains experienced structural changes and accumulated cgSNVs. This phenomenon could also occur in a short time in the clinical setting, especially under antibiotic treatment. Therefore, the researchers suggested that this phenomenon should be carefully considered in epidemiological genomic analyses.
JOURNAL OF GLOBAL ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Aline I. Moser, Yasmine Eddoubaji, Edgar I. Campos-Madueno, Andrea Endimiani
Summary: This study presents the complete genome sequence of Entomomonas sp. E2T0, a strain isolated from larvae of the darkling beetle Zophobas morio. The isolate was found to be fully resistant to aztreonam and carried a novel class D beta-lactamase gene. The genome consists of a chromosome and a plasmid, totaling 3,325,929 base pairs.
MICROBIOLOGY RESOURCE ANNOUNCEMENTS
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Edgar I. I. Campos-Madueno, Aline I. I. Moser, Peter M. M. Keller, Vincent Perreten, Laurent Poirel, Patrice Nordmann, Andrea Endimiani
Summary: KoC species overproduce OXY beta-lactamases, leading to reduced susceptibility to piperacillin-tazobactam, expanded-spectrum cephalosporins, and aztreonam. Whole-genome sequencing and susceptibility testing were used to characterize 44 KoC strains, showing phenotypic differences between ESBL producers and hyperproducers of OXYs. Only cefepime/cefepime-clavulanate combination disk tests or the double-disk synergy test could accurately distinguish between these two groups.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Edgar I. I. Campos-Madueno, Claudia Aldeia, Parham Sendi, Andrea Endimiani
Summary: Escherichia ruysiae is a newly discovered bacteria commonly found in animals and the environment. It has the potential to colonize the human intestinal tract and carry antibiotic resistance genes, emphasizing the need for monitoring and research.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Samuel Raemy, Carlo Casanova, Rossella Baldan, Erin Barreto, Aaron J. Tande, Andrea Endimiani, Stephen L. Leib, Urs Fischer, Parham Sendi
Summary: The recommended dosing regimen for acute bacterial meningitis in adults with penicillin-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae is either 2 g every 12 h or a single dose of 2 g every 24 h. This study aimed to evaluate ceftriaxone susceptibility and clinical outcomes following different dosing regimens. The results showed that all isolates were susceptible to ceftriaxone and there was no statistical difference in outcome between the two dosing regimens.
Article
Microbiology
Claudia Aldeia, Edgar I. Campos-Madueno, Parham Sendi, Andrea Endimiani
Summary: We report the complete genome sequence of a colistin-resistant Raoultella electrica strain (MIC, >4 μg/mL) isolated from the stool of a healthy individual in India. The genome consists of a chromosome and three plasmids (5,455,992-bp and 98,913-bp, 4,232-bp, and 3,961-bp, respectively). No previously known colistin resistance mechanisms were identified.
MICROBIOLOGY RESOURCE ANNOUNCEMENTS
(2023)
Article
Virology
Parham Sendi, Nadja Widmer, Mattia Branca, Marc Thierstein, Annina Elisabeth Buchi, Dominik Guntensperger, Manuel Raphael Blum, Rossella Baldan, Caroline Tinguely, Dik S. Heg, Elitza Theel, Elie J. Berbari, Aaron Tande, Andrea Endimiani, Peter Gowland, Christoph Niederhauser
Summary: In a cohort study, researchers examined the factors associated with changes in anti-S1 IgG antibody levels over time in vaccinated individuals. They found that higher antibody levels were associated with protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection, with a stronger association during the Omicron period. However, the impact of these antibody levels on predicting infection protection was limited.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Valentina Dona, Patrice Nordmann, Sonja Kittl, Simone Schuller, Maxime Bouvier, Laurent Poirel, Andrea Endimiani, Vincent Perreten
Summary: A study in Switzerland found that Enterobacter hormaechei producing the carbapenemase OXA-48 was identified in companion animals and human patients. The study analyzed the genetic relatedness of these strains and their mobile genetic elements and found a connection between antimicrobial resistance in E. hormaechei and animals and humans in the same environment.
JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY
(2023)
