Article
Immunology
Johannes B. Goll, Aarti Jain, Travis L. Jensen, Rafael Assis, Rie Nakajima, Algis Jasinskas, Lynda Coughlan, Sami R. Cherikh, Casey E. Gelber, S. Khan, D. Huw Davies, Philip Meade, Daniel Stadlbauer, Shirin Strohmeier, Florian Krammer, Wilbur H. Chen, Philip L. Felgner
Summary: In this study, researchers investigated the antibody responses to seasonal and pre-pandemic influenza vaccines with and without the adjuvants AS03 and MF59. They found that the adjuvanted vaccines produced higher and broader immune responses, with AS03 showing superior efficacy compared to MF59. The adjuvanted vaccines also induced the production of antibodies targeting the stalk of the hemagglutinin protein.
Article
Immunology
Justin R. Ortiz, Paul W. Spearman, Paul A. Goepfert, Kaitlyn Cross, C. Buddy Creech, Wilbur H. Chen, Susan Parker, Edgar T. Overton, Michelle Dickey, Heather L. Logan, Ashley Wegel, Kathleen M. Neuzil
Summary: This study evaluated the immunogenicity and safety of the AS03-adjuvanted H7N9 influenza vaccine in healthy adults. The results showed that the vaccine had low immunogenicity when administered simultaneously or sequentially with the seasonal influenza vaccine. Immunoprotection declined after 180 days of vaccination with the H7N9 vaccine. However, the seasonal influenza vaccine was immunogenic regardless of the schedule.
Article
Immunology
Kailey Hughes, Donald B. Middleton, Mary Patricia Nowalk, Goundappa K. Balasubramani, Emily T. Martin, Manjusha Gaglani, H. Keipp Talbot, Manish M. Patel, Jill M. Ferdinands, Richard K. Zimmerman, Fernanda P. Silveira
Summary: This study evaluated the vaccine effectiveness against influenza hospitalization among immunocompromised adults during the 2017-2018 influenza season. The results showed that while immunocompromised adults had a higher vaccination rate, their protection against influenza was lower, with a vaccine effectiveness of 33% in the overall adult population. Further research is needed to assess vaccine effectiveness among different immunocompromising conditions and explore ways to improve effectiveness for immunocompromised individuals.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Shintaro Shichinohe, Tokiko Watanabe
Summary: The annual occurrence of numerous influenza infections is a significant public health problem. Influenza vaccines are important for prevention, but their effectiveness against infection may not be optimal, especially in the elderly. Adding adjuvants can improve vaccine efficacy, and an adjuvanted influenza vaccine MF59, FLUAD, has been licensed for use in individuals aged 65 years and older. Adjuvants not only enhance immune response to antigens, but also can be effective against different viruses.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Alexander Domnich, Donatella Panatto, Elena Pariani, Christian Napoli, Maria Chironna, Ilaria Manini, Caterina Rizzo, Andrea Orsi, Giancarlo Icardi
Summary: This study aimed to compare the relative vaccine effectiveness of MF59-adjuvanted trivalent vaccine and non-adjuvanted quadrivalent vaccine against severe laboratory-confirmed influenza. The results showed that the MF59-adjuvanted vaccine was more effective in preventing severe acute respiratory infection.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Feixia Gao, Xueying Liu, Yudong Dang, Peng Duan, Wenting Xu, Xin Zhang, Shilei Wang, Jian Luo, Xiuling Li
Summary: In this study, a candidate vaccine based on the H5N8 virus was constructed and evaluated for its immunogenicity with different adjuvants. The results showed that the AddaVax-adjuvanted H5N8 inactivated vaccine induced a stronger immune response and achieved a dose-sparing effect.
Article
Immunology
Alissa Cait, Anna Mooney, Hazel Poyntz, Nick Shortt, Angela Jones, Aurelie Gestin, Katie Gell, Alix Grooby, David O'Sullivan, Jeffry S. Tang, Wayne Young, Darmiga Thayabaran, Jenny Sparks, Tess Ostapowicz, Audrey Tay, Sally D. Poppitt, Sarah Elliott, Georgia Wakefield, Amber Parry-Strong, Jacqui Ralston, Richard Beasley, Mark Weatherall, Irene Braithwaite, Elizabeth Forbes-Blom, Olivier Gasser
Summary: Research suggests that dietary fiber may have a significant impact on humoral vaccine responses, with fiber intake positively correlated with immune responses in vaccinees, while prior influenza vaccination negatively impacts immunogenicity.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Sergi Lopez-Serrano, Lorena Cordoba, Monica Perez-Maillo, Patricia Pleguezuelos, Edmond J. Remarque, Thomas Ebensen, Carlos A. Guzman, Dennis Christensen, Joaquim Segales, Ayub Darji
Summary: This study found that pigs vaccinated with NG34 vaccine in combination with CAF(R)01 or CDA/alpha GCM exhibited different immune responses, with animals in the NG34 + CAF(R)01 group showing lower lung lesions and viral shedding post-infection, while pigs in the NG34 + CDA/alpha GCM group showing more severe pathology and viral shedding.
Article
Immunology
Maarten Swart, Harmjan Kuipers, Fin Milder, Mandy Jongeneelen, Tina Ritschel, Jeroen Tolboom, Leacky Muchene, Joan van der Lubbe, Ana Izquierdo Gil, Daniel Veldman, Jeroen Huizingh, Johan Verspuij, Sonja Schmit-Tillemans, Sven Blokland, Martijn de Man, Ramon Roozendaal, Christopher B. Fox, Hanneke Schuitemaker, Martinus Capelle, Johannes P. M. Langedijk, Roland Zahn, Boerries Brandenburg
Summary: The stability and manufacturability of a subunit vaccine antigen were further optimized, and the potency with different adjuvants was evaluated. It was found that a vaccine formulation with aluminum hydroxide or specific ratio of SLA-LSQ induced broad neutralizing antibodies after the second immunization. The study provided insights into potential adjuvant formulations for an H1 stem-based vaccine.
Article
Immunology
Yidan Qiao, Yikang Zhan, Yongli Zhang, Jieyi Deng, Achun Chen, Bingfeng Liu, Yiwen Zhang, Ting Pan, Wangjian Zhang, Hui Zhang, Xin He
Summary: As the COVID-19 pandemic continues, vaccines remain crucial in preventing the spread of the virus. In this study, researchers improved the production of a nanoparticle vaccine by targeting the receptor binding domain (RBD). They found that an adjuvant called Pam2CSK4, which targets TLR2, significantly enhanced the immune response induced by the vaccine. The findings suggest that this nanoparticle vaccine, along with Pam2CSK4, could be a promising candidate for further clinical trials.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Virology
Han Zhang, Huaguo Zheng, Peng Guo, Liuyi Hu, Zihao Wang, Jiuru Wang, Ying Ju, Songdong Meng
Summary: The study demonstrates that intradermal immunization with gp96-adjuvanted seasonal influenza vaccine can induce cross-protection against group 1 and group 2 influenza A viruses. The activation of cross-reactive CD8(+) T cell response by gp96 is essential in providing broader protection. The unique adjuvant properties of gp96 make it a promising candidate for designing new broad-spectrum influenza vaccines.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Dylan A. Hendy, Erik S. Pena, Luis Ontiveros-Padilla, Timothy A. Dixon, Denzel D. Middleton, Grace L. Williamson, Nicole Rose Lukesh, Sean R. Simpson, Rebeca T. Stiepel, Md Jahirul Islam, Michael A. Carlock, Ted M. Ross, Eric M. Bachelder, Kristy M. Ainslie
Summary: Influenza virus outbreaks are a major burden worldwide each year. Current vaccination strategies are inadequate due to antigenic drift/shift of the virus and the elicitation of low immune responses. This study aims to improve the immunogenicity of subunit vaccines by using adjuvants such as STING agonists. The researchers conducted experiments in mouse models of obesity, aging, and chemotherapy-induced immunosuppression, and found that the efficacy of the vaccine platform varied among different populations. Further research is needed to tailor adjuvants to specific populations.
BIOENGINEERING & TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Eduard Schulz, Isabel Hodl, Patrick Forstner, Stefan Hatzl, Nazanin Sareban, Martina Moritz, Johannes Fessler, Barbara Dreo, Barbara Uhl, Claudia Url, Andrea J. Grisold, Michael Khalil, Barbara Kleinhappl, Christian Enzinger, Martin H. Stradner, Hildegard T. Greinix, Peter Schlenke, Ivo Steinmetz
Summary: In immunocompromised patients, the number of naive B cells correlates strongly with antibody levels post COVID-19 vaccination, serving as the key predictor for achieving a humoral response comparable to healthy individuals.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hyesun Jang, Ted M. Ross
Summary: The study found that the humoral response to trivalent seasonal influenza virus vaccines was influenced by rapid antigenic switching of H1 HA. While successful induction of antibodies against H1N1 and H3N2 vaccine components was observed, a strong immune response against CA/09 H1N1 influenza virus negatively influenced the induction of novel humoral responses to other vaccine strains.
Article
Immunology
Constantina Boikos, Mahrukh Imran, Van Hung Nguyen, Thierry Ducruet, Gregg C. Sylvester, James A. Mansi
Summary: MF59(R)-adjuvanted trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (aIIV3) and high-dose trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (HD-IIV3) demonstrate enhanced immune response in older adults compared to standard, quadrivalent inactivated influenza vaccines (IIV4). The study shows that aIIV3 is more effective than IIV4 in preventing influenza-related medical encounters in both the 2017-2018 and 2018-2019 seasons, with HD-IIV3 showing comparable effectiveness.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Fabio Mauri, Sara Cottler-Casanova, Matthias Cavassini, Marcel Stoeckle, Gilles Wandeler, Patrick Schmid, Dominique L. Braun, Alexandra Scherrer, Enos Bernasconi, Alexandra Calmy, Jasmine Abdulcadir
Summary: FGM/C is a harmful practice that involves injury to the female genitalia without medical purpose, and it is prevalent worldwide. There is a lack of knowledge on how to care for women with FGM/C, and improvements in care and prevention are needed.
JOURNAL OF IMMIGRANT AND MINORITY HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Sylvere Bastien, Severien Meyers, Wilmara Salgado-Pabon, Stefano G. Giulieri, Jean-Phillipe Rasigade, Laurens Liesenborghs, Kyle J. Kinney, Florence Couzon, Patricia Martins-Simoes, Vincent Le Moing, Xavier Duval, Natasha E. Holmes, Niels Eske Bruun, Robert Skov, Benjamin P. Howden, Vance G. Fowler, Peter Verhamme, Paal Skytt Andersen, Coralie Bouchiat, Karen Moreau, Francois Vandenesch
Summary: Through a genome-wide association study and experimental animal models, it was found that specific S. aureus strains causing bloodstream infection do not necessarily cause infective endocarditis. Therefore, all S. aureus strains isolated from patients with bloodstream infection should be considered capable of causing this common and deadly infection.
JOURNAL OF INFECTION
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Marco Labarile, Tom Loosli, Marius Zeeb, Katharina Kusejko, Michael Huber, Hans H. Hirsch, Matthieu Perreau, Alban Ramette, Sabine Yerly, Matthias Cavassini, Manuel Battegay, Andri Rauch, Alexandra Calmy, Julia Notter, Enos Bernasconi, Christoph Fux, Huldrych F. Gunthard, Chloe Pasin, Roger D. Kouyos
Summary: This study investigated and predicted the dynamics of HIV transmission in Switzerland using a network-based clustering method and statistical learning approaches. The study found that network characteristics can capture major heterogeneities in transmission and that cluster structure has the potential for real-time prediction of ongoing transmission.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Review
Microbiology
Benjamin P. Howden, Stefano G. Giulieri, Tania Wong Fok Lung, Sarah L. Baines, Liam K. Sharkey, Jean Y. H. Lee, Abderrahman Hachani, Ian R. Monk, Timothy P. Stinear
Summary: Invasive Staphylococcus aureus infections are common and often result in high mortality due to drug resistance. This review examines recent advances in understanding the interactions between S. aureus and its host, including immune responses, metabolism, and genomic plasticity. The authors also discuss the challenges in vaccine development and the role of other bacteria in shaping S. aureus colonization.
NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Alessio Casutt, Matthaios Papadimitriou-Olivgeris, Foteini Ioakeim, John-David Aubert, Oriol Manuel, Angela Koutsokera
Summary: This study investigated the outcomes of COVID-19 infection in lung transplant recipients and found that they are at increased risk for complications. The administration of monoclonal antibodies as early treatment was associated with a lower risk, while age over 60 years was associated with a higher risk.
TRANSPLANT INFECTIOUS DISEASE
(2023)
Editorial Material
Immunology
Eleftheria Kampouri, Oriol Manuel
TRANSPLANT INFECTIOUS DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Catia Marzolini, Matthias L. Cavassini, Dominique L. Braun, Anna Hachfeld, Enos Bernasconi, Alexandra Calmy, Patrick Schmid, Manuel Battegay, Luigia Elzi
Summary: This study aimed to investigate whether a common single polymorphism could explain the phenomenon of some HIV patients not achieving their lipid targets despite elevated statin concentrations. The study found that individuals carrying the SLCO1B1 c.521T>C polymorphism had smaller changes in lipid levels after statin initiation compared to those without this polymorphism.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Paul Thoueille, Susana Alves Saldanha, Vincent Desfontaine, Katharina Kusejko, Perrine Courlet, Pascal Andre, Matthias Cavassini, Laurent A. Decosterd, Thierry Buclin, Monia Guidi
Summary: This study investigated the pharmacokinetics of tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) in people living with HIV (PLWH), and found that renal function significantly affects TAF exposure. The study suggests cautious adjustment of TAF dosage intervals in case of moderate or severe chronic kidney disease (CKD).
JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Biology
Abderrahman Hachani, Stefano G. Giulieri, Romain Guerillot, Calum J. Walsh, Marion Herisse, Ye Mon Soe, Sarah L. Baines, David R. Thomas, Shane Doris Cheung, Ashleigh S. Hayes, Ellie Cho, Hayley J. Newton, Sacha Pidot, Ruth C. Massey, Benjamin P. Howden, Timothy P. Stinear
Summary: This study developed the InToxSa platform to quantify intracellular cytotoxic Staphylococcus aureus phenotypes and discovered clinically relevant mutations that reduce bacterial cytotoxicity and promote intracellular persistence.
Review
Microbiology
Francois Danion, Anne Coste, Coralie Le Hyaric, Clea Melenotte, Frederic Lamoth, Thierry Calandra, Dea Garcia-Hermoso, Vishukumar Aimanianda, Fanny Lanternier, Olivier Lortholary
Summary: Mucormycosis is a rare and life-threatening fungal infection caused by molds of the order Mucorales. It mainly affects the lungs, following the rhino-orbito-cerebral (ROC) areas and the skin. Risk factors for pulmonary mucormycosis (PM) include hematological malignancies and solid organ transplantation, while ROC infections are commonly associated with diabetes mellitus. The diagnosis of PM relies on CT scans, cultures, PCR tests, and histology, and treatment involves liposomal amphotericin B as the first-line therapy.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Bashkim Jaha, Corinne D. Schenkel, Lisa Jorimann, Michael Huber, Maryam Zaheri, Kathrin Neumann, Christine Leemann, Alexandra Calmy, Matthias Cavassini, Roger D. Kouyos, Huldrych F. Gunthard, Karin J. Metzner, Swiss HIV Cohort Study
Summary: A new method was used to analyze HIV-1 DNA, including the detection of drug resistance. The results showed varying levels of drug resistance mutations, which were associated with the duration of antiretroviral therapy.
JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Lukas Baumann, Dominique L. Braun, Matthias Cavassini, Marcel Stoeckle, Enos Bernasconi, Patrick Schmid, Alexandra Calmy, David Haerry, Charles Beguelin, Christoph A. Fux, Gilles Wandeler, Bernard Surial, Andri Rauch
Summary: The study assessed the changes in the prevalence of replicating HCV infection, treatment uptake, and liver-related morbidity and mortality in persons with HIV and hepatitis C. The introduction of direct-acting antiviral therapy was associated with a significant reduction in the prevalence of replicating HCV infection, as well as a decrease in overall mortality and incidence of liver-related events in this population.
LIVER INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Brice Touilloux, Matthaios Papadimitriou-Olivgeris, Cedric Bongard, Nahal Mansouri, Foteini Ioakeim, Oriol Manuel, Angela Koutsokera, John-David Aubert, Alessio Casutt
Summary: This study examines the long-term lung function in lung transplant recipients after their first SARS-CoV-2 infection. The results show a significant decline in lung function at 3 months, but not at 6 and 12 months post-infection.
TRANSPLANT INFECTIOUS DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Stefano G. Giulieri, Romain Guerillot, Natasha E. Holmes, Sarah L. Baines, Abderrahman Hachani, Ashleigh S. Hayes, Diane S. Daniel, Torsten Seemann, Joshua S. Davis, Sebastiaan Van Hal, Steven Y. C. Tong, Timothy P. Stinear, Benjamin P. Howden
Summary: This study identified adaptive mutations associated with treatment failure and mortality in Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia through a genome-wide association study (GWAS) framework. The potential of vancomycin-selected mutations and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) as predictive variables for infection severity was highlighted.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Isabella C. Schoepf, Andres Esteban-Cantos, Christian W. Thorball, Berta Rodes, Peter Reiss, Javier Rodriguez-Centeno, Carlotta Riebensahm, Dominique L. Braun, Catia Marzolini, Marco Seneghini, Enos Bernasconi, Matthias Cavassini, Helene Buvelot, Maria Christine Thurnheer, Roger D. Kouyos, Jacques Fellay, Huldrych F. Gunthard, Jose R. Arribas, Bruno Ledergerber, Philip E. Tarr
Summary: In this long-term study, accelerated epigenetic ageing was observed in untreated HIV infection and partial reversal was achieved with effective antiretroviral therapy. It underscores the significance of limiting the duration of untreated HIV infection.
LANCET HEALTHY LONGEVITY
(2023)