Article
Dermatology
Deepthi Konda, Laxmisha Chandrashekar, Rahul Dhodapkar, Rajesh Nachiappa Ganesh, Devinder Mohan Thappa
Summary: This study characterized the clinical markers of herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection among patients with pemphigus vulgaris. It was found that male sex, presence of fissures, hemorrhagic crusts, erosions with angulated margins, linear erosions, and raised erythrocyte sedimentation rate were significantly associated with HSV infection. Hemorrhagic crusts and linear erosions were identified as independent predictors of HSV infection.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Elisabeth McClymont, Jeffrey Bone, Jackson Orem, Fred Okuku, Mary Kalinaki, Misty Saracino, Meei-Li Huang, Stacy Selke, Anna Wald, Lawrence Corey, Corey Casper, Isabelle Boucoiran, Christine Johnston, Soren Gantt
Summary: HIV infection increases the replication of cytomegalovirus (CMV) in the body, especially in the oral cavity, leading to a higher risk of transmission. Even HIV-infected individuals with relatively preserved CD4+ T-cell counts require additional interventions to control CMV replication.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Bisant A. Labib, DeGaulle Chigbu
Summary: Herpes simplex virus (HSV) keratitis is a leading cause of blindness worldwide and affects a large population. Although there are currently no vaccines available, treatment options such as antiviral drugs and steroids can help manage the disease. However, these treatments do not eliminate the virus and are ineffective against recurrent infections, highlighting the need for further research on alternative therapies.
Article
Pathology
Melissa Krystel-Whittemore, May P. Chan, Sara C. Shalin, Kenan J. Sauder, Amy Hudson, Ruth K. Foreman, Mai P. Hoang, Jeoffry B. Brennick, Shaofeng Yan, Rosalynn M. Nazarian
Summary: This study presents the first known report of herpes virus infecting deep stromal cells of the dermis, highlighting the importance of considering cutaneous stromal herpes in patients with atypical clinical lesions, especially when immunocompromised. Establishing the correct diagnosis is crucial for initiating therapy.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SURGICAL PATHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Barbara Schwertner, Georg Lindner, Camila Toledo Stauner, Elisa Klapproth, Clara Magnus, Anette Rohrhofer, Stefanie Gross, Beatrice Schuler-Thurner, Veronika Oettl, Nicole Feichtgruber, Konstantin Drexler, Katja Evert, Michael P. Krahn, Mark Berneburg, Barbara Schmidt, Philipp Schuster, Sebastian Haferkamp
Summary: Talimogene laherparepvec (T-VEC), an oncolytic herpes simplex virus, has shown significant efficacy in the treatment of melanoma, with Nectin-1 expression serving as a predictor of treatment outcome, while HVEM, cGAS, and STING are not prognostic factors.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Beatriz Prado Noronha, Juliana Vaz de Melo Mambrini, Karen Cecilia Lima Torres, Olindo Assis Martins-Filho, Andrea Teixeira-Carvalho, Maria Fernanda Lima-Costa, Sergio Viana Peixoto
Summary: The study identified a high prevalence of CMV and HSV-1 infections in older adults, with different chemokines associated with antibody titers for each infection. Higher concentrations of certain chemokines were linked to lower or higher antibody titers for CMV, while intermediate levels of other chemokines were associated with higher antibody titers for both CMV and HSV-1.
EXPERIMENTAL GERONTOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Kevin Danastas, Gerry Guo, Jessica Merjane, Nathan Hong, Ava Larsen, Monica Miranda-Saksena, Anthony L. Cunningham
Summary: This study explores the effects of interferons (IFNs) on herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) and reveals that IFNs have the potential to block virus release from nerve endings, thereby preventing transmission into the skin. The study also highlights the potential wider antiviral effects of IFN-γ in neurons, suggesting its role in HSV-1 reactivation. These findings identify new targets for the development of immunotherapies to impede HSV-1 spread from nerves to the skin.
Review
Virology
Bangxing Hong, Upasana Sahu, Matthew P. Mullarkey, Balveen Kaur
Summary: Oncolytic herpes simplex virus (oHSV) shows promise as a treatment for solid tumors, but there are still barriers that limit its efficacy. This review focuses on the essential viral genes that allow for virus replication and spread, with the aim of enhancing oHSV infection and replication among tumor cells.
Article
Virology
Mashidur Rana, Mizumi Setia, Pratima K. Suvas, Anish Chakraborty, Susmit Suvas
Summary: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a crucial role in herpes stromal keratitis (HSK), with neutrophils being the primary cells responsible for ROS generation. NOX2 is involved in ROS production in neutrophils. However, manipulating ROS levels in neutrophils may help alleviate the severity of HSK, and NOX2 is not the main contributor to ROS generation in neutrophils.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Anna Jakobsen, Marie Thaarup Skov, Lykke Larsen, Pelle Trier Petersen, Christian Brandt, Lothar Wiese, Birgitte Ronde Hansen, Hans Rudolf Luettichau, Malte Mose Tetens, Jannik Helweg-Larsen, Merete Storgaard, Henrik Nielsen, Jacob Bodilsen
Summary: This study investigates the clinical presentation and prognostic factors of HSV-2 meningitis using a database from departments of infectious diseases in Denmark from 2015 to 2020. The results show that meningitis is common in younger women and unfavorable outcome at discharge is common, but it is not associated with sex, age, immunocompromise, or cerebrospinal fluid leukocyte count.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Malgorzata Krzyzowska, Anders Jarneborn, Karolina Thorn, Kristina Eriksson, Tao Jin
Summary: This study provides evidence that treatment with tofacitinib may increase the risk of disease aggravation and severe encephalitis in primary herpes simplex infection by impairing antiviral response induced by monocytes and microglia.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Cooper K. Hayes, Christopher K. Villota, Fiona B. McEnany, Stacey Ceron, Sita Awasthi, Moriah L. Szpara, Harvey M. Friedman, David A. Leib, Richard Longnecker, Matthew D. Weitzman, Lisa N. Akhtar
Summary: Clinical HSV-2 isolates collected from neonates with encephalitis are more neurovirulent in human neuronal cell culture and murine models as compared to isolates from neonates with skin-limited disease, suggesting that viral factors contribute to neurologic outcome following human neonatal infection.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Catielen Paula Pavi, Isabella Dai Pra, Rafael Dorighello Cadamuro, Isamu Kanzaki, Jhuly Wellen Ferreira Lacerda, Louis Pergaud Sandjo, Roberto Messias Bezerra, Jorge Federico Orellana Segovia, Gislaine Fongaro, Izabella Thais Silva
Summary: This study evaluated the activity of seventeen extracts derived from eight Amazonian medicinal plants against herpes simplex virus and chikungunya virus. Four extracts exhibited significant activity against both viruses, including the drug-resistant strains. Virucidal tests showed a higher level of virucidal activity compared to antiviral activity.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Jie Wang, Kun-Te Shang, Qiong-Hong Ma, Zhao-Ying Dong, Yi-Hong Chen, Yu-Feng Yao
Summary: This study aimed to determine whether HSV-1 can be transmitted through TNTs and to investigate the effect of inhibiting the Arp2/3 complex on the intercellular transmission of HSV-1. The results showed that HSV-1 can be transmitted through TNTs and that inhibiting the Arp2/3 complex reduces the number of TNTs and the spread of HSV-1. This finding provides new insights into the transmission mode of HSV-1 and suggests a potential new antiviral target.
Article
Immunology
Christopher M. Pruitt, Lise E. Nigrovic, Stephen B. Freedman, Stuart A. Bradin, Sarah J. Curtis, Todd W. Lyons, Aaron S. Miller, Pamela J. Okada, Suzanne M. Schmidt, David Schnadower, Joanna E. Thomson, Andrea T. Cruz
Summary: Despite clear testing recommendations, there is a lack of comprehensive HSV testing in infants. A study of 112 infants with confirmed HSV disease from 23 research centers found that less than one-fifth of the infants underwent all recommended testing, emphasizing the need for increased awareness and adherence to testing recommendations for this vulnerable population.
PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL
(2022)
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Ruanne V. Barnabas, Anna Wald
ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
L. Corey, P. B. Gilbert, M. Juraska, D. C. Montefiori, L. Morris, S. T. Karuna, S. Edupuganti, N. M. Mgodi, A. C. deCamp, E. Rudnicki, Y. Huang, P. Gonzales, R. Cabello, C. Orrell, J. R. Lama, F. Laher, E. M. Lazarus, J. Sanchez, I. Frank, J. Hinojosa, M. E. Sobieszczyk, K. E. Marshall, P. G. Mukwekwerere, J. Makhema, L. R. Baden, J. I. Mullins, C. Williamson, J. Hural, M. J. McElrath, C. Bentley, S. Takuva, M. M. Gomez Lorenzo, D. N. Burns, N. Espy, A. K. Randhawa, N. Kochar, E. Piwowar-Manning, D. J. Donnell, N. Sista, P. Andrew, J. G. Kublin, G. Gray, J. E. Ledgerwood, J. R. Mascola, M. S. Cohen
Summary: The study found that broadly neutralizing antibodies did not prevent HIV-1 acquisition more effectively than placebo, but analyses of VRC01-sensitive HIV-1 isolates indicated that prophylaxis with broadly neutralizing antibodies may be effective.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2021)
Editorial Material
Immunology
Glenda E. Gray, Lawrence Corey
JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL AIDS SOCIETY
(2021)
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Lawrence Corey, Chris Beyrer, Myron S. Cohen, Nelson L. Michael, Trevor Bedford, Morgane Rolland
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Alexandra M. Johansson, Uma Malhotra, Yeseul G. Kim, Rebecca Gomez, Maxwell P. Krist, Anna Wald, David M. Koelle, William W. Kwok
Summary: This study identified SARS-CoV-2 CD4+ T cell epitopes using tetramer reagents, distinguishing immunodominant and subdominant epitopes. Among the four potential Spike-specific cross-reactive epitopes identified, three were subdominant epitopes, while only one was an immunodominant epitope.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Rebecca Elyanow, Thomas M. Snyder, Sudeb C. Dalai, Rachel M. Gittelman, Jim Boonyaratanakornkit, Anna Wald, Stacy Selke, Mark H. Wener, Chihiro Morishima, Alexander L. Greninger, Michael Gale, Tien-Ying Hsiang, Lichen Jing, Michael R. Holbrook, Ian M. Kaplan, H. Jabran Zahid, Damon H. May, Jonathan M. Carlson, Lance Baldo, Thomas Manley, Harlan S. Robins, David M. Koelle
Summary: This study suggests that measuring T cell responses can provide reliable assessment of past SARS-CoV-2 infection and protective immunity. T cell responses showed significant correlations with neutralizing antibody titers and disease severity indicators. T cell testing demonstrated high sensitivity even after 6 months of infection, outperforming serology tests in identifying prior infection, especially in individuals with milder disease.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Dean Follmann, Holly E. Janes, Olive D. Buhule, Honghong Zhou, Bethany Girard, Kristen Marks, Karen Kotloff, Michael Desjardins, Lawrence Corey, Kathleen M. Neuzil, Jacqueline M. Miller, Hana M. El Sahly, Lindsey R. Baden
Summary: This study evaluated the seropositivity of anti-nucleocapsid antibody (anti-N Ab) in mRNA-1273 vaccinees with breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infection. The results showed a lower seroconversion rate in vaccinees, indicating the importance of considering vaccination status when interpreting seroprevalence and seropositivity data based solely on anti-N Ab testing.
ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Biology
Sean M. Hughes, Claire N. Levy, Fernanda L. Calienes, Katie A. Martinez, Stacy Selke, Kenneth Tapia, Bhavna H. Chohan, Lynda Oluoch, Catherine Kiptinness, Anna Wald, Mimi Ghosh, Liselotte Hardy, Kenneth Ngure, Nelly R. Mugo, Florian Hladik, Alison C. Roxby
Summary: This study investigated changes in immune mediators in the cervicovaginal tract of Kenyan AGYW before and after first sexual intercourse, and combined the results with two other studies through meta-analysis. The study found a significant increase in concentrations of immune mediators after first sex, with cumulative effects over time. These findings were consistent across three studies conducted on different continents.
Review
Immunology
Corey Casper, Lawrence Corey, Jeffrey Cohen, Blossom Damania, Anne A. Gershon, David C. Kaslow, Laurie T. Krug, Jeffrey Martin, Sam M. Mbulaiteye, Edward S. Mocarski, Patrick S. Moore, Javier Gordon Ogembo, Warren Phipps, Denise Whitby, Charles Wood
Summary: This article summarizes the epidemiology and biology of Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus (KSHV) as an overlooked but potentially vaccine-preventable infection. The unique epidemiology of this virus provides opportunities to prevent its cancers if an effective, inexpensive, and well-tolerated vaccine can be developed and delivered.
Article
Virology
Linhui Hao, Tien-Ying Hsiang, Ronit R. Dalmat, Renee Ireton, Jennifer F. Morton, Caleb Stokes, Jason Netland, Malika Hale, Chris Thouvenel, Anna Wald, Nicholas M. Franko, Kristen Huden, Helen Y. Chu, Alex Sigal, Alex L. Greninger, Sasha Tilles, Lynn K. Barrett, Wesley C. Van Voorhis, Jennifer Munt, Trevor Scobey, Ralph S. Baric, David J. Rawlings, Marion Pepper, Paul K. Drain, Michael Gale
Summary: New variants of SARS-CoV-2 continue to emerge and evade immunity. Convalescence from the ancestral virus provides limited protection against variants. Vaccination enhances immunity against viral variants, but the protection is weaker against Omicron BA.1, and a three-dose vaccine regimen provides significantly better protection against it compared to a two-dose.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Daniel Corey, Francoise Haeseleer, Joe Hou, Lawrence Corey
Summary: Adoptive therapy using genetically engineered T cells shows promise in treating infectious diseases in immunocompromised individuals. In this study, chimeric engulfment receptor (CER) T cells designed to recognize phosphatidylserine (PS)-expressing cells successfully eliminated SIV-infected cells. The introduction of innate immune functions into T cells enhances the elimination of SIV-infected cells, and further in vivo studies are needed to evaluate their effectiveness.
MOLECULAR THERAPY-METHODS & CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT
(2023)
Editorial Material
Ethics
Tara M. Babu, Anna Wald
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BIOETHICS
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Deborah Donnell, Fei Gao, James P. Hughes, Brett Hanscom, Lawrence Corey, Myron S. Cohen, Srilatha Edupuganti, Nyaradzo Mgodi, Helen Rees, Jared M. Baeten, Glenda Gray, Linda-Gail Bekker, Mina Hosseinipour, Sinead Delany-Moretlwe
Summary: This study used counterfactual placebo comparisons using other data sources to evaluate the efficacy of antiretroviral agents for HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis. The findings showed that injectable cabotegravir (CAB-LA) and daily oral emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (FTC/TDF) can significantly reduce the risk of HIV infection compared to no intervention, and the efficacy of FTC/TDF against counterfactual placebo was consistent with previous placebo-controlled trials.
JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL AIDS SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Magdalena E. Sobieszczyk, Jill Maaske, Ann R. Falsey, Stephanie Sproule, Merlin L. Robb, Robert W. Frenck, Hong-Van Tieu, Kenneth H. Mayer, Lawrence Corey, Kathleen M. Neuzil, Tina Tong, Margaret Brewinski Isaacs, Holly Janes, Himanshu Bansal, Lindsay M. Edwards, Justin A. Green, Elizabeth J. Kelly, Kathryn Shoemaker, Therese Takas, Tom White, Prakash Bhuyan, Tonya Villafana, Ian Hirsch
Summary: AZD1222 vaccine demonstrated safety, efficacy, and immunogenicity in the ongoing phase 3 trial. The vaccine provided durable protection with a significant reduction in the incidence of symptomatic COVID-19 and showed high efficacy against severe/critical disease. Humoral immune responses induced by AZD1222 waned over time.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Amalio Telenti, Ann Arvin, Lawrence Corey, Davide Corti, Michael S. Diamond, Adolfo Garcia-Sastre, Robert F. Garry, Edward C. Holmes, Phillip S. Pang, Herbert W. Virgin
Summary: This article discusses the future patterns of SARS-CoV-2 infection, the development of variants, and the implications for vaccine deployment. It suggests that the virus may become endemic fueled by pockets of susceptible individuals and waning immunity. Effective surveillance and response are crucial to prevent new epidemic or pandemic patterns.