Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mohammad Enamul Hoque Kayesh, Michinori Kohara, Kyoko Tsukiyama-Kohara
Summary: This review discusses the importance of TLR responses in HCV infection and the mechanisms adopted by HCV to avoid immune surveillance mediated by TLRs.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Fisheries
Yusuf Jibril Habib, Haifu Wan, Yulong Sun, Jialong Shi, Chengjie Yao, Jiaming Lin, Hui Ge, Yilei Wang, Ziping Zhang
Summary: This study conducted a genome-wide study of Toll-like receptor genes in Pacific white shrimps for the first time, identifying 11 TLR genes. The majority of these genes were found to be ubiquitously expressed in various tissues and significantly upregulated at different time points after infection, suggesting their significant roles in the immune response of Litopenaeus vannamei.
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Wedad S. Aboussahoud, Helen Smith, Adam Stevens, Ivan Wangsaputra, Helen R. Hunter, Susan J. Kimber, Mourad W. Seif, Daniel R. Brison
Summary: The study found that pattern recognition receptors and Toll-like receptor genes are widely expressed in early human embryos, suggesting the activation of the innate immunity system during embryo development. Understanding the role of the Toll-like receptor system in preimplantation human development may provide insights into immunological mechanisms and potential clinical markers of embryo quality and pregnancy initiation.
HUMAN REPRODUCTION
(2021)
Article
Entomology
Long Liu, Yu-Shan Wei, Dun Wang
Summary: This study identified and characterized eleven TLRs and five downstream TLR pathway components in Lymantria dispar, and found that upon Lymantria dispar multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus infection, several TLRs and all identified downstream genes of the TLR pathway were significantly up-regulated, suggesting activation of the TLR pathway and its involvement in the insect's immune response.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jinta Asami, Toshiyuki Shimizu
Summary: TLRs are crucial in recognizing pathogenic molecular patterns and initiating immune responses. Recent advances in structural and mechanistic studies have provided insights into the activation and inhibition mechanisms of TLRs, enhancing our understanding of their functional properties.
Article
Fisheries
Hansam Cho, Ki Hoon Park, Yuyeon Jang, Yeondong Cho, Yoon-Ki Heo, Minjee Kim, Young Bong Kim
Summary: Outbreaks of infectious disease in shrimp pose a serious threat to shrimp agriculture worldwide. Shrimp lack adaptive immunity and rely solely on innate immunity for defense against infectious disease. Toll-like receptors play a critical role in the shrimp innate immune system, with the identification of a new Toll-like receptor gene (MnToll) in Macrobrachium nipponense potentially involved in defense against WSSV.
FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Allison M. Owen, Liming Luan, Katherine R. R. Burelbach, Margaret A. A. McBride, Cody L. L. Stothers, Olivia A. A. Boykin, Kalkena Sivanesam, Jessica F. F. Schaedel, Tazeen K. K. Patil, Jingbin Wang, Antonio Hernandez, Naeem K. K. Patil, Edward R. R. Sherwood, Julia K. K. Bohannon
Summary: Immunocompromised populations are at high risk of life-threatening infections, and strategies to protect these patients are urgently needed. This study explores the use of trained immunity, which enhances the immune response to subsequent infections, as a promising approach. The researchers demonstrate that the MyD88-dependent signaling pathway plays a critical role in TLR-mediated trained immunity, providing valuable insights into the mechanisms underlying this process.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Luke S. Uebelhoer, Agnes Gwela, Bonnie Thiel, Sophie Nalukwago, John Mukisa, Christopher Lwanga, Justine Getonto, Emily Nyatichi, Grace Dena, Alexander Makazi, Shalton Mwaringa, Ezekiel Mupere, James A. Berkley, Christina L. Lancioni, Childhood Acute Illness
Summary: Severely ill children in low- and middle-income countries experience high mortality rates from infectious diseases, and the risk of infection-related death is compounded by undernutrition. This study found that T cell function is impaired and innate immune responses are exaggerated in acutely ill children. Nutritional status is associated with the magnitude of cytokine responses. Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms of innate immune dysregulation in this population.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Yanqin Du, Jun Wu, Jia Liu, Xin Zheng, Dongliang Yang, Mengji Lu
Summary: Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a significant global burden, and Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a crucial role in immune response. However, HBV has developed strategies to inhibit TLR responses, limiting host immune response and promoting viral persistence. Recent studies indicate that stimulation of TLR signaling pathway enhances host immune response and suppresses HBV replication. These findings provide important insights for the use of TLR agonists as immunomodulators in the functional cure of HBV.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Ella A. Zuiderwijk-Sick, Celine van der Putten, Raissa Timmerman, Jennifer Veth, Erica M. Pasini, Linda van Straalen, Paul van der Valk, Sandra Amor, Jeffrey J. Bajramovic
Summary: Exposure to IL-4 induces changes in the cell surface protein expression profile of primary rhesus macaque microglia and enhances their potential to induce proliferation of T cells with a regulatory signature. Additionally, IL-4 exposure broadly impairs TLR-induced cytokine production and inhibits microglial innate immune responses.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Jun-Lin Lu, Qi-Dong Xia, Yi Sun, Yang Xun, Heng-Long Hu, Chen-Qian Liu, Jian-Xuan Sun, Jin-Zhou Xu, Jia Hu, Shao-Gang Wang
Summary: The study found that TLR4 expression is decreased in tumor tissues compared to surrounding tissues or normal tissue, and is positively correlated to the overall survival rate and cancer-specific survival rate of bladder cancer patients. Low TLR4 expression is associated with malignant performance in tumors.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Stavros Garantziotis, Rashmin C. Savani
Summary: The extracellular matrix (ECM) is not only a structure but also plays key roles in cellular responses. Proteoglycans (PGs), a component of ECM, have been found to be crucial in both health maintenance and disease development by activating the innate immune system and influencing cell fate.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Amaro Saco, Beatriz Novoa, Samuele Greco, Marco Gerdol, Antonio Figueras
Summary: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) have been analyzed in 85 metazoans, with marine mussels (Mytilus spp.) having the largest TLR repertoire in the animal kingdom. Bivalve TLR repertoires are more diversified than their counterparts in deuterostomes or ecdysozoans, and their evolutionary history is characterized by lineage-specific expansions and losses. The functional diversification of TLRs is driven by positive selection and specific modulation in response to various stimuli.
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lucia Perez-Regidor, Joan Guzman-Caldentey, Nils Oberhauser, Carmen Punzon, Balazs Balogh, Jose R. Pedro, Eva Falomir, Alessandra Nurisso, Peter Matyus, J. Carlos Menendez, Belen de Andres, Manuel Fresno, Sonsoles Martin-Santamaria
Summary: In this study, a computer-aided drug repurposing approach was used to virtually screen and discover novel TLR4 modulators with a non-lipopolysaccharide-like structure. After screening thousands of approved drugs and drug-like molecules, several compounds with TLR4 antagonist activity were identified through biological assays. This collaborative work expands the chemical diversity for the inspiration of new classes of TLR4 modulators.
Article
Immunology
Zebin Zhou, Shaoqing Ding, Yaqian Wang, Janfeng Ren, Xiangyang Zhang, Weiming Li, Qinghua Zhang
Summary: The study identified and characterized LmTLR14d gene in Northeast Chinese lamprey, which was found to be expressed in various tissues and up-regulated during infection. The results suggest that LmTLR14d may play a crucial role in the innate immune signaling of lamprey.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Correction
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Matthew Pettengill, Juan D. Matute, Megan Tresenriter, Julie Hibbert, David Burgner, Peter Richmond, Jose Luis Millan, Al Ozonoff, Tobias Strunk, Andrew Currie, Ofer Levy
Review
Immunology
Elizabeth Whittaker, David Goldblatt, Peter McIntyre, Ofer Levy
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2018)
Article
Immunology
Anne Marie Queenan, David J. Dowling, Wing Ki Cheng, Kellen Fae, Jeffrey Fernandez, Peter J. Flynn, Sweta Joshi, Spencer E. Brightman, Juan Ramirez, Jan Serroyen, Selma Wiertsema, Alexandre Fortanier, Germie van den Dobbeisteen, Ofer Levy, Jan Poolman
Article
Hematology
Mirjam E. Belderbos, Sabrina Jacobs, Taco K. Koster, Albertina Ausema, Ellen Weersing, Erik Zwart, Gerald de Haan, Leonid V. Bystrykh
BIOLOGY OF BLOOD AND MARROW TRANSPLANTATION
(2020)
Letter
Oncology
Sabrina Jacobs, Albertina Ausema, Erik Zwart, Ellen Weersing, Maaike J. Kingma, Yasmine A. S. El Menshawi, Gerald de Haan, Leonid V. Bystrykh, Mirjam E. Belderbos
Article
Hematology
Sabrina Jacobs, Albertina Ausema, Erik Zwart, Ellen Weersing, Gerald de Haan, Leonid V. Bystrykh, Mirjam E. Belderbos
EXPERIMENTAL HEMATOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Hematology
Coco de Koning, Susan Prockop, Ichelle van Roessel, Nancy Kernan, Elizabeth Klein, Jurgen Langenhorst, Celina Szanto, Mirjam Belderbos, Marc Bierings, Farid Boulad, Dorine Bresters, Maria Cancio, Kevin Curran, Wouter Kollen, Richard O'Reilly, Andromachi Scaradavou, Barbara Spitzer, Birgitta Versluijs, Alwin Huitema, Caroline Lindemans, Stefan Nierkens, Jaap Jan Boelens
Summary: The study revealed a significant association between early CD4+ T-cell immune reconstitution and survival in patients developing aGVHD. Inadequate CD4(+) IR before aGVHD onset was linked to higher nonrelapse mortality and inferior overall survival.
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Jurrian K. de Kanter, Flavia Peci, Eline Bertrums, Axel Rosendahl Huber, Anais van Leeuwen, Markus J. van Roosmalen, Freek Manders, Mark Verheul, Rurika Oka, Arianne M. Brandsma, Marc Bierings, Mirjam Belderbos, Ruben van Boxtel
Summary: The majority of transplanted HSPCs did not show altered mutation accumulation post-transplantation, but in some recipients, multiple HSPCs exhibited an increased mutation burden. This increase was attributed to a unique mutational signature caused by antiviral drug ganciclovir, which may contribute to therapy-related carcinogenesis in transplant recipients.
Review
Cell Biology
Konradin F. Muskens, Caroline A. Lindemans, Mirjam E. Belderbos
Summary: GvHD is a major complication of HCT, causing severe hematopoietic dysfunction. Immune activation during GvHD damages hematopoietic stem cells and their niche in the bone marrow, leading to reduced functionality. Complications and treatments associated with HCT exacerbate hematopoietic dysfunction.
Article
Immunology
Johannes M. Jung, Wilhelm Ching, Martin E. Baumdick, Helga Hofmann-Sieber, Jens B. Bosse, Tobias Koyro, Kimberly J. Moeller, Lucy Wegner, Annika Niehrs, Kristina Russu, Mareike Ohms, Wenli Zhang, Anja Ehrhardt, Kevin Duisters, Eric Spierings, Angelique Hoelzemer, Christian Koerner, Suze A. Jansen, Sven Peine, Ingo Koenigs, Marc Luetgehetmann, Daniel Perez, Konrad Reinshagen, Caroline A. Lindemans, Marcus Altfeld, Mirjam Belderbos, Thomas Dobner, Madeleine J. Bunders
Summary: The study reveals that up-regulated HLA-F enhances NK cell killing of infected cells during HAdV infection, while HAdV5 infection leads to significant down-regulation of HLA-A and HLA-B to evade CD8(+) T cell attack. In a pediatric allo-HSCT cohort, children receiving KIR3DS1(+)/HLA-Bw4(+) donor cells show reduced risk of severe HAdV disease and faster viral clearance.
SCIENCE IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Leonid V. Bystrykh, Mirjam E. Belderbos
Summary: Clonal Hematopoiesis (CH) is a common phenomenon associated with aging, hematologic malignancy, cardiovascular disease and decreased overall survival. The lack of a uniform definition and quantitative methods has hindered CH research. In this study, a conceptual and analytical framework for defining and measuring CH is proposed, using the CH index and synthetic data simulations. Results show that the CH index is distinct from other tested indices, and diversity indices are more closely related to the CH index than inequality indices.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Biophysics
Flavia Peci, Linde Dekker, Anna Pagliaro, Ruben van Boxtel, Stefan Nierkens, Mirjam Belderbos
Summary: This review summarizes the cellular composition of the human bone marrow (BM) niche after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). It also discusses the impact of pre-HCT conditioning on various cell types in the niche. Additionally, therapeutic strategies to prevent or repair conditioning-induced niche damage are explored to improve HCT outcomes.
BONE MARROW TRANSPLANTATION
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nicole Prince, Min Kim, Rachel S. Kelly, Joann Diray-Arce, Klaus Bonnelykke, Bo L. Chawes, Mengna Huang, Ofer Levy, Augusto A. Litonjua, Jakob Stokholm, Craig E. Wheelock, Hans Bisgaard, Scott T. Weiss, Jessica A. Lasky-Su
Summary: Recurrent respiratory infections are a major cause of illness and death in early childhood. This study investigates the association between steroid metabolites and infection susceptibility in children. The findings suggest that lower levels of certain steroid metabolites may indicate a higher risk of infections. Further research is needed to evaluate the potential of using steroid metabolite measurement as a screening tool for infection susceptibility during this critical developmental period.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Branden Lee, Etsuro Nanishi, Ofer Levy, David J. Dowling
Summary: Infection remains a major cause of illness and death worldwide, particularly among the very young and immunocompromised populations. Precision vaccine discovery and development aims to optimize immunizations across all age groups by studying the differences in immune systems and developing tailored vaccines for vulnerable populations.
Article
Oncology
Arianne M. Brandsma, Eline J. M. Bertrums, Markus J. van Roosmalen, Damon A. Hofman, Rurika Oka, Mark Verheul, Freek Manders, Joske Ubels, Mirjam E. Belderbos, Ruben van Boxtel
Summary: Analysis of pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (pAML) patients reveals limited genetic relatedness among hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) in leukemic bone marrow, suggesting polyclonal hematopoiesis. Some pAML cases harbor more somatic mutations and distinct mutational signatures, possibly originating from more committed progenitors, with better outcomes compared to cases with mutation burden similar to healthy HSPCs of the same age.
BLOOD CANCER DISCOVERY
(2021)
