Article
Biology
Hideaki Tomita, Kelly M. Hines, Josi M. Herron, Amy Li, David W. Baggett, Libin Xu
Summary: Deficient DHCR7 in SLOS leads to cholesterol deficiency and accumulation of 7-DHC. This study reveals that loss of DHCR7 causes accumulation of 7-DHC-derived oxysterol metabolites, premature neurogenesis, and depletion of cortical precursor pool. The major oxysterol, DHCEO, mediates these effects through crosstalk between GR and TrkB.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
A. Rozdzynska-Swiatkowska, E. Ciara, P. Halat-Wolska, M. Krajewska-Walasek, A. Jezela-Stanek
Summary: Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome (SLOS) is a disorder caused by a defect in cholesterol biosynthesis, with physical manifestations including growth restriction and microcephaly. Studies analyzing the correlation between genotype, biochemical markers, and growth parameters in individuals with SLOS are currently lacking.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED GENETICS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Babunageswararao Kanuri, Vincent Fong, Sithara Raju Ponny, Keri A. Tallman, Sriganesh Ramachandra Rao, Ned Porter, Steven J. Fliesler, Shailendra B. Patel
Summary: Researchers have generated a conditional Dhcr7 knockout mouse model with liver-specific deletion, which demonstrated minimal impact on sterol metabolism in the liver. This model provides a valuable tool for further exploration of the pathophysiology of SLOS through temporal, cell and tissue-specific loss of DHCR7.
JOURNAL OF LIPID RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Bethany A. Freel, Benjamin A. Kelvington, Sonali Sengupta, Malini Mukherjee, Kevin R. Francis
Summary: Cholesterol homeostasis is critical to neurodevelopment, and disruption of cholesterol biosynthesis can lead to neurological deficits. Astrocyte immune activation is a hallmark pathology in many diseases, but the impact of DHCR7 on astrocyte function and immune activation is still unclear. The study found that astrocytes from Dhcr7 mutant mice display immune reactive characteristics and the interaction with microglia may contribute to the neurological phenotypes observed in disorders of cholesterol biosynthesis.
DISEASE MODELS & MECHANISMS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Jan Klouda, Lenka Benesova, Pavel Kocovsky, Karolina Schwarzova-Peckova
Summary: 7-Dehydrocholesterol is an essential biomarker for Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome, and its electrochemical oxidation allows for voltammetric determination, providing clinical value for diagnosis and monitoring. This study establishes a reliable method for diagnosing SLOS and monitoring the biotransformation of 7-dehydrocholesterol to cholecalciferol.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
N. Begic, Z. Begic, E. Begic
Summary: This paper presents a patient with Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome (SLOS) and discusses the diagnosis and treatment modalities. The patient, a 6-year-old girl, exhibits global developmental retardation, lack of motor development, and enhanced muscle tone. She is currently under the care of various specialists including pediatric neurologists, gastroenterologists, nephrologists, and cardiologists.
BALKAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Jong Eun Park, Taeheon Lee, Kyeongsu Ha, Chang-Seok Ki
Summary: This study analyzed carrier frequencies of SLOS in East Asians and Koreans using exome data from the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD), and found that East Asians had a lower carrier frequency (0.4%) compared to other ethnicities (1-3%), while Koreans had a similar or lower carrier frequency (1.0%). The variant spectrums of DHCR7 in East Asian and Korean populations differed greatly from those of other ethnic groups.
ORPHANET JOURNAL OF RARE DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Robert C. Tuckey, Edith K. Y. Tang, Yunzhi A. Chen, Andrzej T. Slominski
Summary: DHCR7 plays a crucial role in cholesterol biosynthesis. This study investigated the effects of various metabolites on DHCR7, with some shown to inhibit DHCR7 activity while others confirmed as substrates. This demonstrates the complex regulation of cholesterol metabolism and the potential therapeutic implications.
JOURNAL OF STEROID BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Dario Ghersi, Thiago C. Genaro-Mattos
Summary: Research indicates that certain medications inhibit a key enzyme in the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway, with shared chemical structures among these drugs. By employing a computational approach, enriched fragments within these medications can be identified to better understand their inhibitory mechanisms.
ACS PHARMACOLOGY & TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Peter A. Kaub, Peter C. Sharp, Enzo Ranieri, Janice M. Fletcher
Summary: Studies have shown a high incidence of autistic spectrum features in individuals with SLOS, but it is not appropriate to use ASD as the sole clinical indication for biochemical testing for SLOS based on historical test data analysis.
JOURNAL OF PAEDIATRICS AND CHILD HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jonas Abdel-Khalik, Thomas Hearn, Alison L. Dickson, Peter J. Crick, Eylan Yutuc, Karl Austin-Muttitt, Brian W. Bigger, Andrew A. Morris, Cedric H. Shackleton, Peter T. Clayton, Takashi Iida, Ria Sircar, Rajat Rohatgi, Hanns-Ulrich Marschall, Jan Sjovall, Ingemar Bjorkhem, Jonathan G. L. Mullins, William J. Griffiths, Yuqin Wang
Summary: A newly identified pathway of bile acid biosynthesis in patients with SLOS and pregnancy, involving intermediates that modulate the activity of Smo, an oncoprotein that mediates Hedgehog signaling, may be responsible for some features of SLOS.
JOURNAL OF STEROID BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Thiago C. Genaro-Mattos, Allison Anderson, Luke B. Allen, Zeljka Korade, Karoly Mirnics
Summary: The research has shown that Dhcr7 single-allele mutations can affect the metabolism of ARI and CAR, leading to increased turnover of ARI and CAR in tissues from Dhcr7(+/-) animals, partially due to higher levels of Cyp2d6. Additionally, lower drug levels were found in DHCR7(+/-) heterozygous cells.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Yitao Luo, Zhengyuan Liu, Yujie Zeng, Yuxiao Zhang, Yujing Luan, Li Ma, Li Chen, Lin Zou, Jingmin Yang, Zhibin Huang, Yulan Rao, Chengqiang Zhang
Summary: This study developed a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry based method for simultaneous detection of 7-dehydrocholesterol and cholesterol in human plasma, providing a useful tool for the diagnosis, treatment, and research of Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome.
JOURNAL OF SEPARATION SCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Ernst J. Schaefer, G. Stephen Tint, P. Barton Duell, Robert D. Steiner
Summary: These disorders, including cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis (CTX), sitosterolemia, and Smith-Lemli Opitz syndrome (SLOS), are rare inborn errors of metabolism with various clinical manifestations. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are crucial for managing the progression and complications of these disorders. Collaboration between healthcare professionals is essential in providing comprehensive care for patients with these rare metabolic conditions.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL LIPIDOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Simone Coupe, Ashley Hertzog, Carolyn Foran, Adviye Ayper Tolun, Megan Suthern, Clara W. T. Chung, Carolyn Ellaway
Summary: Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome (SLOS) is a common genetic cause of developmental delay, often accompanied by 2,3 toe syndactyly. This case series highlights a milder phenotype of SLOS, characterized by neurocognitive impairments and the presence of 2,3 toe syndactyly.
CLINICAL CASE REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Talal Alanzi, Amal Alhashem, Khalid Dagriri, Fatema Alzahrani, Fowzan S. Alkuraya
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS
(2020)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Ranad Shaheen, Saud Alsahli, Nour Ewida, Fatema Alzahrani, Hanan E. Shamseldin, Nisha Patel, Awad Al Qahtani, Homoud Alhebbi, Amal Alhashem, Tarfa Al-Sheddi, Rana Alomar, Eman Alobeid, Mohamed Abouelhoda, Dorota Monies, Abdulrahman Al-Hussaini, Muneerah A. Alzouman, Mohammad Shagrani, Eissa Faqeih, Fowzan S. Alkuraya
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Shereen Georges Ghosh, Lu Wang, Martin W. Breuss, Joshua D. Green, Valentina Stanley, Xiaoxu Yang, Danica Ross, Bryan J. Traynor, Amal M. Alhashem, Matloob Azam, Laila Selim, Laila Bastaki, Hanan I. Elbastawisy, Samia Temtamy, Maha Zaki, Joseph G. Gleeson
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS
(2020)
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Khushnooda Ramzan, Mohammed Al-Owain, Nouf S. Al-Numair, Sibtain Afzal, Sarah Al-Ageel, Sultan Al-Amer, Lina Al-Baik, Ghoson F. Al-Otaibi, Amal Hashem, Eman Al-Mashharawi, Salman Basit, Abdal H. Al-Mazroea, Ameen Softah, Sameera Sogaty, Faiqa Imtiaz
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART B-NEUROPSYCHIATRIC GENETICS
(2020)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Salam Massadeh, Amal Alhashem, Ingrid M. B. H. van de Laar, Fahad Alhabshan, Natalia Ordonez, Salem Alawbathani, Suliman Khan, Mohamed S. Kabbani, Farah Chaikhouni, Atia Sheereen, Iman Almohammed, Bader Alghamdi, Ingrid Frohn-Mulder, Salim Ahmad, Christian Beetz, Peter Bauer, Marja W. Wessels, Manal Alaamery, Aida M. Bertoli-Avella
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Hanan E. Shamseldin, Ibrahim Al Mogarri, Mansour M. Alqwaiee, Adel S. Alharbi, Khaled Baqais, Muslim AlSaadi, Talal AlAnzi, Amal Alhashem, Afaf Saghier, Waleed Ameen, Niema Ibrahim, Jason Yang, Firdous Abdulwahab, Mais Hashem, Raghu R. Chivukula, Fowzan S. Alkuraya
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Amal Alhashem, Sarar Mohamed, Manal Abdelraheem, Bushra AlGufaydi, Aida Al-Aqeel
SAUDI MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2020)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Zuhair N. Al-Hassnan, Abdulrahman Almesned, Sahar Tulbah, Ali Alakhfash, Faten Alhadeq, Nadiah Alruwaili, Maarab Alkorashy, Amal Alhashem, Ahmad Alrashdan, Eissa Faqeih, Salwa M. Alkhalifi, Zainab Al Humaidi, Sameera Sogaty, Nawal Azhari, Abdulrahman M. Bakhaider, Ali Al Asmari, Ali Awaji, Buthaina Albash, Mohammed Alhabdan, Malak A. Alghamdi, Walaa Alshuaibi, Raghad Z. Al-Hassnan, Abduljabbar Alshenqiti, Aisha Alqahtani, Zarghuna Shinwari, Monther Rbabeh, Saud Takroni, Ahmed Alomrani, Dimpna C. Albert Brotons, Abdullah M. AlQwaee, Waleed Almanea, Fadel A. Alfadley, Majid Alfayyadh, Abdullah Alwadai
CIRCULATION-GENOMIC AND PRECISION MEDICINE
(2020)
Letter
Genetics & Heredity
Norah Altuwaijri, Mona Abdelbaky, Amal Alhashem, Maha Alrakaf, Mais Hashem, Fatema Alzahrani, Fowzan S. Alkuraya
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART A
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Aziza M. Mushiba, E. A. Faqeih Eissa Faqeih, Mohammed A. Saleh, Khushnooda Ramzan, Faiqa Imtiaz, Mohammed Al-Owain, Amal M. Alhashem, Abdulrahman Alswaid
Summary: Pycnodysostosis is a rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by short stature, osteosclerosis, acro-osteolysis, increased tendency of fractures, and distinctive dysmorphic features. Complications such as craniosynostosis, optic nerve compression, and sleep apnea can occur in patients. The study also identified specific CTSK mutations, with one recurrent intronic variant likely to be a founder mutation in a specific tribal population.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART A
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Hatem Elghezal, Khowla Alfayez, Inesse Ben Abdallah, Ahmed Alfares, Ayesh Almazyad, Abdullah Al Jasser, Nasser Almobadel, Omar Alsuhaibani, Amal Alhashem
Summary: Ring X chromosome anomaly is mainly observed in females with turner syndrome, but can also occur in males, although it is extremely rare. This study reported a male with ring X chromosome characterized by short stature, microcephaly, and hypospadias, with molecular investigations revealing gene deletions and duplications that may explain the survival compatibility. The presence of duplications outside the PAR1 region could be related to the unique phenotype observed in this case.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Norah Alsaleh, Amal Alhashem, Brahim Tabarki, Sarar Mohamed, Essa Alharby, Fowzan S. Alkuraya, Naif A. M. Almontashiri
Summary: The study aimed to identify the genetic cause in a family with neurodevelopmental disease and growth retardation. Whole-exome sequencing revealed a homozygous nonsense variant in the FRA10AC1 gene in both affected siblings. This study provides the first evidence of FRA10AC1-related neurologic syndrome in an additional family.
NEUROLOGY-GENETICS
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Sahar Tulbah, Nadiah Alruwaili, Amal Alhashem, Arwa Aljohany, Faten Alhadeq, Dimpna C. Albert Brotons, Abdullah Alwadai, Zuhair N. Al-Hassnan
Summary: Childhood-onset cardiomyopathy is a genetically heterogeneous group of conditions with several genes implicated. Recently, biallelic loss-of-function variants in PPP1R13L have been reported in association with a syndromic form of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Here, we describe a consanguineous family with six affected children, where a homozygous frameshift variant in PPP1R13L was detected. This study further expands the understanding of how PPP1R13L is involved in the development of severe childhood-onset DCM and suggests the inclusion of glaucoma in the spectrum of this condition.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART A
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Amal Alhashem, Saria Alazmeh, Ayla Barakat, Ahmed Alfares, Hatem Elghezal
Summary: This article describes a 5-year-old Saudi boy diagnosed with de novo 46,XY,r(15). The patient presented with short stature, speech delay, cafe au lait spots, facial dysmorphic features, left crossed fused renal ectopia, and 11 ribs. The presentation was compared to previously reported cases.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC GENETICS
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Amal M. Alhashem, Manal S. Almohaid, Lina Alanazi, Hedayah Alhabardi
CUREUS JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2020)