Nuts and Bolts of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation

Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) has become the leading cause of nosocomial infection in the United States with significant risk of both morbidity and mortality. While antimicrobial therapy forms the basis of treatment, there are several clinical scenarios in which antimicrobial therapy alone is insufficient. Evidence continues to show the safety and efficacy fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in recurrent and severe CDI. This review will outline FMT efficacy, safety, and indications and present practical advice for clinicians interested in best practices around delivery of FMT.