Uterus and ovaries in girls and young women with Turner syndrome evaluated by ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging

P>Objective To determine uterine and ovarian size in Turner syndrome (TS) and to compare uterine and ovarian size evaluated by transabdominal ultrasound (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in girls with TS and two groups of controls. Design A cross-sectional study. Patients Forty-one girls with TS (17 center dot 0 +/- 3 center dot 3 years, range 11 center dot 2-24 center dot 9 years), 50 healthy age-matched controls (16 center dot 9 +/- 3 center dot 2 years, range 12 center dot 5-25 center dot 0 years) and 107 Tanner-stage-matched controls (15 center dot 0 +/- 3 center dot 2 years, range 10 center dot 1-24 center dot 2). Measurements Uterine and ovarian volume by US and MRI. Results Ovaries were detected in 37% in TS by US and in 55% in TS by MRI (P = 0 center dot 1). Total ovarian volume was lower in TS compared to both groups of controls (TS vs C-US: median 1 center dot 1 ml (range 0 center dot 1-29 center dot 3) vs 11 center dot 52 ml (1 center dot 9-77 center dot 9), P = 0 center dot 001, TS vs C-MRI: 1 center dot 0 ml (0 center dot 1-34 center dot 2) vs 13 center dot 2 ml (2 center dot 4-30 center dot 1), P < 0 center dot 0005). Mean difference in total ovarian volume measured by MRI and US in patients with TS was 2 center dot 3 +/- 3 center dot 8 ml (P = 0 center dot 01). Mean uterine volume by MRI was lower in TS compared to controls (29 center dot 5 +/- 25 center dot 1 vs 54 center dot 3 +/- 23 center dot 3 ml, P < 0 center dot 0005). Uterine volume by US was lower in TS at Tanner stage B5 compared to controls (TS vs C: 33 center dot 6 +/- 18 center dot 2 vs 50 center dot 2 +/- 18 center dot 0 ml, P = 0 center dot 007). Conclusions A larger ovarian volume was detected by MRI in TS compared to US. This finding is important with the advancements of performing ovarian biopsies for cryopreservation and later reimplantation. Mean uterine volumes by MRI and US in fully matured TS were lower compared to controls despite appropriate hormonal replacement therapy in TS.