Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Minhthao Thi Nguyen, Sridevi Krishnan, Sonal V. Phatak, Sidika E. Karakas
Summary: Even though PCOS was traditionally defined by the presence of bilateral polycystic ovaries, women without this characteristic can still be diagnosed with PCOS, leading to heterogeneity in symptoms. The levels of anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) in the blood are associated with the number of ovarian cysts. A study of 108 women with PCOS found that higher AMH values were linked to lower BMI but higher levels of testosterone, suggesting a potential link between AMH and the reproductive cause of PCOS. These findings suggest that phenotyping based on AMH could be a useful tool in understanding the different presentations of PCOS.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Tao Tao, Yi Zhang, Yu-Chen Zhu, Jia-Rong Fu, Yu-Ying Wang, Jie Cai, Jing-Yu Ma, Yu Xu, Yi-Ning Gao, Yun Sun, WuQiang Fan, Wei Liu
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of different pharmacotherapy regimens for prediabetes in PCOS patients. The results showed that the EX or COM group achieved a significantly higher rate of remission of prediabetes compared to the MET group.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Katherine VanHise, Erica T. Wang, Keith Norris, Ricardo Azziz, Margareta D. Pisarska, Jessica L. Chan
Summary: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder that affects women worldwide. There are racial and ethnic differences in PCOS phenotypes and metabolic dysfunction. This review summarizes the current literature on disparities in PCOS diagnosis and outcomes in the United States. Future studies should focus on racial and ethnic-specific differences in PCOS and include a diverse population in PCOS research.
FERTILITY AND STERILITY
(2023)
Article
Reproductive Biology
Leandro M. Velez, Marcus Seldin, Alicia B. Motta
Summary: PCOS is a common endocrinopathy affecting 5-10% of women of reproductive age, characterized by ovarian cysts, ovulation disorders, and hyperandrogenism, along with metabolic abnormalities. Chronic inflammation may play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of PCOS.
BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jia Zhu, Anders U. Eliasen, Izzuddin M. Aris, Sara E. Stinson, Jens-Christian Holm, Torben Hansen, Marie-France Hivert, Klaus Bonnelykke, Rany M. Salem, Joel N. Hirschhorn, Yee-Ming Chan
Summary: Genetic risk factors for PCOS are associated with alterations in metabolic, growth, and developmental traits in childhood.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Meili Cai, Xiaowen Shao, Feng Xing, Yuqin Zhang, Xinyu Gao, Qiongjing Zeng, Diliqingna Dilimulati, Shen Qu, Manna Zhang
Summary: The study demonstrates that canagliflozin is not inferior to metformin in improving insulin resistance in PCOS patients, with significant benefits in improving menstrual pattern, reducing body weight and total fat mass, and decreasing triglyceride levels.
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Anju E. Joham, Nadira S. Kakoly, Helena J. Teede, Arul Earnest
Summary: This study found a significantly higher incidence of hypertension among women with PCOS compared to those without, especially among obese women. PCOS was independently associated with an increased risk of hypertension, further exacerbated by obesity. Including PCOS in hypertension risk assessments may help in early identification and management of the disorder.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Huamin Zeng, Ying Zhang, Sikai Huang, Jinghua Wu, Wenrui Ren, Lingru Zhou, Leneng Huang, Yuyin Ye
Summary: Metformin combined with spironolactone therapy may be more effective in reducing BMI and serum androgen levels in PCOS patients. However, it does not have a significant effect on hirsutism score or gonadotropin hormone levels, and is not associated with an elevation in side-effects. When the treatment course is greater than 6 months, combination therapy can effectively reduce FBG and improve insulin resistance.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Maria Phylactou, Sophie A. Clarke, Bijal Patel, Caitlin Baggaley, Channa N. Jayasena, Tom W. Kelsey, Alexander N. Comninos, Waljit S. Dhillo, Ali Abbara
Summary: PCOS and FHA are two common causes of secondary amenorrhoea, with distinguishing between them presenting challenges in clinical practice. Factors such as BMI, AMH levels, and polycystic ovarian morphology may aid in differentiating between the two conditions.
CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Yu Song, Huimin Wang, Zhengyan Zhu, Hongli Huang
Summary: The meta-analysis findings suggest that the combination of metformin and exercise can lead to significant improvements in menstrual cycles, hyperandrogenism, and abdominal fat in women with PCOS.
HORMONE AND METABOLIC RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tansel Sapmaz, Kubra Sevgin, Sude Topkaraoglu, Muhammetnur Tekayev, Fatma Gumuskaya, Fatima Efendic, Mahmud Esad Pence, Selman Aktas, Gulam Hekimoglu, Oktay Irkorucu
Summary: This study examined the effects of propolis on ovarian folliculogenesis, p53 expression, and serum LH and P levels in PCOS modeled rats. Treatment with 50 mg/kg of propolis ameliorated cystic and primary follicles, while 150 mg/kg increased LH levels. Low concentrations of propolis cannot completely improve the hormone profile and p53 expression associated with PCOS.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Yiming Gao, Caihong Xin, Huaying Fan, Xin Sun, Hongli Wang
Summary: In this meta-analysis, it was found that the levels of chemerin, a newly identified adipokine, were significantly higher in patients with PCOS compared to healthy controls. However, there was no significant difference in the levels of apelin, another adipokine, between the two groups.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maya Barsky, Jamie Merkison, Pardis Hosseinzadeh, Liubin Yang, Janet Bruno-Gaston, Jay Dunn, William Gibbons, Chellakkan Selvanesan Blesson
Summary: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common form of anovulatory infertility with a strong hereditary component. Research indicates that excessive prenatal androgens can affect ovarian development by altering gene expression and mitochondrial function. This programming may begin at birth and is influenced by androgens in utero.
JOURNAL OF STEROID BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Emma Oberg, Liselotte Blomberg, Torbjorn Akerstedt, Angelica Linden Hirschberg
Summary: This study compared sleep variables in women with PCOS and controls, and assessed the impact of behavioral modification intervention on sleep. The results showed that women with PCOS had shorter sleep duration and worse sleep efficiency, but their total sleep time at night was within the normal range. Behavioral modification intervention reduced daytime sleep duration and improved sleep behavior.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jia Zhu, Natalia Pujol-Gualdo, Laura B. L. Wittemans, Cecilia M. Lindgren, Triin Laisk, Joel N. Hirschhorn, Yee-Ming Chan
Summary: Genetic risk factors for PCOS have phenotypic consequences in men, indicating that they can act independently of ovarian function. Thus, PCOS in women may not always be a primary disorder of the ovaries.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Harshal Deshmukh, Shahzad Akbar, Amira Bhaiji, Yamna Saeed, Najeeb Shah, Kazeem Adeleke, Maria Papageorgiou, Stephen Atkin, Thozhukat Sathyapalan
Summary: This study found that some women with PCOS have higher levels of androgens, which increases the risk of developing metabolic syndrome. Higher levels of androstenedione and FAI are associated with a higher siMS, while higher DHEAS levels are associated with a lower siMS.
CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Khalid Adnan Shamiyah, Simon Whitebridge, Nitya Kumar, Khaled Aljenaee, Stephen L. Atkin, Khawla Fuad Ali
Summary: Telehealth use increased dramatically after the COVID-19 pandemic, and it was found to be acceptable among some young adult groups on Instagram. However, further innovation is needed to increase its acceptability and willingness to continue using telehealth for healthcare delivery.
JMIR FORMATIVE RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Habib Yaribeygi, Mina Maleki, Stephen L. Atkin, Tannaz Jamialahmadi, Amirhossein Sahebkar
Summary: Autophagy is a dual process that can promote cell survival and efficiency in normal conditions but become pathological in disease states such as diabetes. Chronic hyperglycemia induces aberrant autophagy and leads to cellular death, which is a major underlying cause of diabetes-related complications. Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) are newly introduced antidiabetic drugs that may have additional benefits beyond glycemic control, but their effect on autophagy remains unclear. This review aims to elucidate the potential effects of SGLT2is on autophagy.
CELL BIOCHEMISTRY AND FUNCTION
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Abu Saleh Md Moin, Thozhukat Sathyapalan, Alexandra E. E. Butler, Stephen L. L. Atkin
Summary: This study found that obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) exhibit a hypercoagulable state, which may be driven by obesity rather than being an intrinsic facet of PCOS. This suggests that obesity, insulin resistance, and inflammation play important roles in PCOS.
CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Elham Aminifar, Haleh Sadat Tavakkol Afshari, Thozhukat Sathyapalan, Mitra Abbasifard, Amirhossein Sahebkar
Summary: This review discusses the efficacy of statin therapy in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Current evidence suggests that statins have immunomodulatory and antioxidant properties, significantly reducing disease activity and inflammatory response in RA patients. Statin treatment also reduces the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in RA patients, and discontinuation of statins is associated with an increased CVD risk. The combined effect of statins on improving vascular function, lowering lipid levels, and reducing inflammation is responsible for the decreased all-cause mortality in statin users. Further clinical studies are needed to ensure the therapeutic efficacy of statins in RA patients.
JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Alexandra E. E. Butler, Abu Saleh Md Moin, Zeljko Reiner, Thozhukat Sathyapalan, Tannaz Jamialahmadi, Amirhossein Sahebkar, Stephen L. Atkin
Summary: The levels of serum lipoproteins, except HDL-C, are increased in PCOS, possibly due to obesity and insulin resistance. Proteomic analysis showed higher levels of ApoE, C3, and HCFII, as well as lower levels of ApoM in PCOS. These dysregulations in lipoprotein metabolism may contribute to a more atherogenic profile and increased cardiovascular risk in PCOS.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Edwina Brennan, Alexandra E. Butler, Manjula Nandakumar, Daniel S. Drage, Thozhukat Sathyapalan, Stephen L. Atkin
Summary: This study examined the association between organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and vitamin D deficiency. The results showed a correlation between OCPs and vitamin D-3, as well as the active metabolite 1,25-dihydrovitamin D-3. The study also suggested that OCP effects may be enhanced in cases of vitamin D deficiency.
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Fatemeh Ghaemi, Maryam Emadzadeh, Stephen L. Atkin, Tannaz Jamialahmadi, Gokhan Zengin, Amirhossein Sahebkar
Summary: Meta-analysis shows that consumption of pomegranate juice can lower blood pressure in a dose-dependent manner, but the effect diminishes after 2 months of intake and with a dose exceeding 300 mL.
PHYTOTHERAPY RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Alekya Devi Anala, Insiya Sajjad Hussain Saifudeen, Maryam Ibrahim, Moksha Nanda, Nida Naaz, Stephen L. Atkin
Summary: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrinopathy in women of reproductive age. Treatment with glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonists, such as Tirzepatide, may improve the metabolic features of PCOS. It is hypothesized that Tirzepatide could be a potential contender for PCOS treatment due to its dual receptor affinity and potential reduction of gastrointestinal symptoms.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Alexandra E. Butler, Abu Saleh Md Moin, Thozhukat Sathyapalan, Stephen L. Atkin
Summary: This study compared complement system factors in obese, insulin-resistant PCOS patients with nonobese, non-insulin-resistant PCOS patients. The results showed that the alternative complement pathway was upregulated in both groups, but more pronounced in the obese PCOS group. The upregulation of complement factors was counterbalanced by upregulation of complement inhibitors, suggesting that PCOS may amplify the activation of complement pathways in response to cardiovascular events or infections.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Manjula Nandakumar, Thozhukat Sathyapalan, Alexandra E. Butler, Stephen L. Atkin
Summary: Oxidative stress, heat shock proteins, and vitamin D levels may be associated with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). In this study, the levels of oxidative stress proteins and heat shock proteins were measured in non-obese, non-insulin resistant women with PCOS and control women. The results showed that only esterase D was elevated in PCOS, while other oxidative stress proteins and heat shock proteins were not elevated. Vitamin D levels were not correlated with any of the proteins.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Hossein Amini, Mohammad Meskarpour-Amiri, Mahboobeh Sadat Hosseini, Mohammad Farjami, Sara Ashtari, Amir Vahedian-Azimi, Thozhukat Sathyapalan, Amirhossein Sahebkar
Summary: This study aimed to assess the relationship between metabolic control factors, socio-demographic characteristics, personality traits, and self-perceived health status in diabetes. The results showed that female gender, age > 60 years, comorbidities, DM complications, diabetic neuropathy, and diabetic ulcer were associated with a poor health status. However, regular physical activity and a healthy nutritional diet were associated with a higher likelihood of a good self-perceived health status.
JOURNAL OF DIABETES AND METABOLIC DISORDERS
(2023)
Review
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Mohammed Altigani Abdalla, Najeeb Shah, Harshal Deshmukh, Amirhossein Sahebkar, Linda Ostlundh, Rami H. Al-Rifai, Stephen L. Atkin, Thozhukat Sathyapalan
Summary: This study evaluated the efficacy of pharmacological interventions in reducing androgen hormones in women with PCOS. The results indicated that metformin, oral contraceptive pill, dexamethasone, flutamide, and rosiglitazone were associated with a significant reduction in biochemical hyperandrogenemia in these women.
ARCHIVES OF GYNECOLOGY AND OBSTETRICS
(2023)