Article
Oncology
Albert Grinshpun, Anatoli Kustanovich, Daniel Neiman, Roni Lehmann-Werman, Aviad Zick, Karen Meir, Elez Vainer, Roy Z. Granit, Amit Arad, Noa Daskal, Ruth Schwartz, Eli Sapir, Myriam Maoz, Esther Tahover, Joshua Moss, Iddo Z. Ben-Dov, Tamar Peretz, Ayala Hubert, Ruth Shemer, Yuval Dor
Summary: The standard treatment approach for stage II/III rectal cancer is neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy followed by surgery. However, better tools are still needed to personalize therapy for the individual patient. In this study, the researchers analyzed colon-derived cell-free DNA using a tissue-specific DNA methylation signature and found that it can predict treatment outcomes and help guide patient selection strategies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Darlene Rodrigues, Joana Simoes, Laetitia Teixeira, Fatima Aires, Catarina Fernandes, Carmen Rey, Cristina Sarmento, Margarida Marques
Summary: The study revealed a high prevalence of anemia among elderly rectal cancer patients, with baseline anemia associated with shorter LARC-free interval and significantly higher risks of mortality. Patients over 75 years old had a negative impact on overall survival and LARC-specific survival. No significant impact was found for age-adjusted Charlson comorbidity index on survival outcomes.
SUPPORTIVE CARE IN CANCER
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Yohan Lee, Sunghyun Kim, Hyejung Cha, Jae Hun Han, Hyun Joon Choi, Eun Go, Sei Hwan You
Summary: This study demonstrates the feasibility and potential therapeutic effects of using 13.56 MHz modulated electro-hyperthermia (mEHT) boost in neoadjuvant treatment for rectal cancer. It also suggests that mEHT could be a useful tool in combination treatment with radiotherapy due to its low thermotoxicity and improved treatment compliance.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Deborah Schrag, Qian Shi, Martin R. Weiser, Marc J. Gollub, Leonard B. Saltz, Benjamin L. Musher, Joel Goldberg, Tareq Al Baghdadi, Karyn A. Goodman, Robert R. McWilliams, Jeffrey M. Farma, Thomas J. George, Hagen F. Kennecke, Ardaman Shergill, Michael Montemurro, Garth D. Nelson, Brian Colgrove, Vallerie Gordon, Alan P. Venook, Eileen M. O'Reilly, Jeffrey A. Meyerhardt, Amylou C. Dueck, Ethan Basch, George J. Chang, Harvey J. Mamon
Summary: Preoperative FOLFOX chemotherapy is as effective as preoperative chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancer eligible for sphincter-sparing surgery.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Myroslav Lutsyk, Tarek Taha, Salem Billan
Summary: The aim of this study is to identify factors that may predict the response of locally advanced rectal cancer tumors to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. The study found that an absolute decrease in the level of circulating lymphocytes is associated with poorer tumor response to treatment, and may serve as a predictive biomarker for treatment resistance.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Jessica M. Keilson, Adriana C. Gamboa, Michael K. Turgeon, Lillias Maguire, Katherine Hrebinko, Jennifer Holder-Murray, Jason T. Wiseman, Aslam Ejaz, Alexander T. Hawkins, Ebunoluwa Otegbeye, Matthew Silviera, Shishir K. Maithel, Glen C. Balch
Summary: This study evaluates the need for adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with rectal adenocarcinoma who have pathologic lymph node (pLN)-negative disease after receiving neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy. The results show that adjuvant chemotherapy does not appear to improve survival in patients with pLN-negative disease, while it is associated with improved survival in patients with pLN-positive disease.
ANNALS OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
J. F. Huisman, I. J. H. Schoenaker, R. M. Brohet, O. Reerink, H. van der Sluis, F. C. P. Moll, E. de Boer, J. C. de Graaf, W. H. de Vos tot Nederveen Cappel, G. L. Beets, H. L. van Westreenen
Summary: The study demonstrates that the introduction of structured multidisciplinary response evaluation leads to a significant decrease in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer achieving complete response after nCRT, reducing the need for surgery and improving stoma-free survival rates.
ANNALS OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Filippo Crimi, Raimondo Angelone, Antonio Corso, Quoc Riccardo Bao, Giulio Cabrelle, Federica Vernuccio, Gaya Spolverato, Salvatore Pucciarelli, Emilio Quaia
Summary: This study aimed to determine the accuracy of three state-of-the-art MRI sequences in detecting extramural venous invasion (EMVI) in locally advanced rectal cancer patients after preoperative chemoradiotherapy. T2-weighted, DWI, and contrast-enhanced sequences were evaluated by radiologists, and the results showed that DWI was more accurate than T2-weighted and contrast-enhanced sequences for identifying EMVI following pCRT in LARC patients.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lei Wang, Xiaohong Zhong, Huaqin Lin, Xueqing Zhang, Lingdong Shao, Gang Chen, Junxin Wu
Summary: This study confirms the long-term survival benefits of preoperative radiotherapy (preRT) for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) patients through analysis of the SEER database. Subgroup analysis reveals that factors such as age, tumor stage, tumor size, and lymph node status may influence the efficacy of preRT. A prognostic predicting nomogram based on these factors demonstrates better prediction of overall survival (OS) compared to the current staging system. High-risk patients have a shorter OS and benefit more from preRT.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Samuel H. H. Lai, Jon D. Vogel, Sudheer Vemuru, Wells Messersmith, Christopher Lieu, Martin D. McCarter, Elisa Birnbaum, Brandon C. Chapman
Summary: Adjuvant chemotherapy was found to improve overall survival in patients with rectal cancer who achieved a pathologic complete response after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy.
DISEASES OF THE COLON & RECTUM
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Yixiao Lin, Sitai Kou, Haolin Nie, Hongbo Luo, Ahmed Eltahir, Will Chapman Jr, Steven Hunt, Mathew Mutch, Quing Zhu
Summary: A deep learning model combining ultrasound and photoacoustic imaging has been developed to accurately identify complete responders after rectal cancer preoperative treatment, improving clinical care for patients.
BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Shin Murai, Kazushige Kawai, Hirofumi Sonoda, Hiroaki Nozawa, Kazuhito Sasaki, Koji Murono, Shigenobu Emoto, Yuichiro Yokoyama, Hiroyuki Anzai, Soichiro Ishihara
Summary: The study found that there were minimal differences in the performance of CTC and BE in early and advanced cancer groups, but BE may be more accurate in measuring distance from the anal canal's superior margin. CTC may be a viable alternative imaging modality in some cases, but BE should be preferred in cases near the anal canal's anterior wall and in cases after chemoradiation therapy.
Article
Surgery
H. E. Haak, G. L. Beets, K. Peeters, P. J. Nelemans, V. Valentini, C. Rodel, L. Kuo, F. A. Calvo, J. Garcia-Aguilar, R. Glynne-Jones, S. Pucciarelli, J. Suarez, G. Theodoropoulos, S. Biondo, D. M. J. Lambregts, R. G. H. Beets-Tan, M. Maas
Summary: This study found that the risk of nodal metastases (ypN+) after chemoradiotherapy increases with advancing ypT category in locally advanced rectal cancer patients. Patients with ypN+ disease had lower 5-year disease-free survival and overall survival rates than patients with ypN0 tumors, with ypN+ status being an independent predictor of recurrence and death. Therefore, the presence of residual cancer cells in lymph nodes following (chemo)radiotherapy should be considered in treatment decision-making, especially when contemplating organ-preserving strategies.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF SURGERY
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Yu-Tso Liao, Yu-Lin Lin, John Huang, Ji-Shiang Hung, Been-Ren Lin
Summary: This study evaluated the necessity of adjuvant chemotherapy for ypT0-2N0 rectal cancer patients. Results showed that postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy may not be required for patients downstaged by neoadjuvant therapy, especially in those without poor prognostic factors.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COLORECTAL DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Seung Yeun Chung, Hirotoshi Takiyama, Jae Hyun Kang, Jee Suk Chang, Byung Soh Min, Hiroshi Tsuji, Shigeru Yamada, Woong Sub Koom
Summary: This study compared the effectiveness of carbon ion radiotherapy (CIRT) and X-ray radiotherapy (XRT) for the treatment of locoregional rectal cancer recurrence. The results showed that CIRT had better outcomes in terms of local control, overall survival, and late toxicity rate compared to XRT.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)