Review
Infectious Diseases
Oskar Estrade, Valvanera Vozmediano, Nerea Carral, Arantxa Isla, Margarita Gonzalez, Rachel Poole, Elena Suarez
Summary: Fluoroquinolones play a critical role in urological infections, but their clinical practice is not without challenges such as treatment failure, emergence of resistance, and adverse effects. Understanding the dose-response relation is essential to optimize the effectiveness of these drugs, and selecting the right antibiotic at the right dose and duration is crucial in urological infections.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Paula I. Escalante, Luis A. Quinones, Hector R. Contreras
Summary: The FOLFOX scheme is commonly used for metastatic colorectal cancer patients, but chemoresistance is a major challenge. EMT and overexpression of multiple genes may contribute to drug resistance.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Alvaro Perez-Molina, Luisa M. Pastrana-Martinez, Lorena T. Perez-Poyatos, Sergio Morales-Torres, Francisco J. Maldonado-Hodar
Summary: Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) was utilized to enhance the photocatalytic activity of ZnO nanoparticles for the degradation of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) cytostatic drug. CN/ZnO composites were synthesized with varied g-C3N4 loading through a thermal method, resulting in improved mesoporosity, light absorption ability, and aromaticity. The highest activity was achieved with CN/ZnO composite containing 25 wt% of g-C3N4 (CN25/ZnO), exhibiting complete degradation of 5-FU, mineralization of 48% after 180 min, and good photostability during reuse cycles. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), including radicals and non-radical species, were identified as the main active species responsible for 5-FU degradation. A photocatalytic mechanism for CN/ZnO composites was also proposed.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Zhongyi Teng, Xu Sun, Yutong Guo, Min Zhang, Yajun Liu, Meng Xu
Summary: This study evaluated the reversal potential of Curcumae longae Rhizoma extract (CLRE) in 5-Fluorouracil resistance in colon cancer and found that it can resensitize resistant cells by inhibiting cell growth and inducing apoptosis. Furthermore, three active ingredients from CLRE were identified, targeting TLR4 and linking to the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. The combination of 5-Fu with CLRE decreased mRNA levels of TLR4, PI3K, AKT1, and mTORC1, suggesting the inactivation of the TLR4/PI3K/AKT/mTORC1 pathway as the underlying mechanism for reversal of drug resistance.
CLINICS AND RESEARCH IN HEPATOLOGY AND GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Robert A. Nagourney, Steven Evans, Peter H. Tran, Adam J. Nagourney, Paul H. Sugarbaker
Summary: Patients with colon cancer who have received specific drug treatments are more likely to exhibit resistance to oxaliplatin, reducing the efficacy of heated intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC).
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jennifer J. Schneider, Peter Galettis, Jennifer H. Martin
Summary: Despite the continued importance of fluoropyrimidines in oncology, current dosing methods may not be optimal. Precision dosing approaches, such as DPD enzyme activity testing, show promise in reducing toxicity and improving patient outcomes, but have not been widely adopted in clinical practice.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Nadiye Akdeniz, Muhammet Ali Kaplan, Dogan Uncu, Mevlude Inanc, Serap Kaya, Faysal Dane, Mehmet Kucukoner, Ayse Demirci, Mehmet Bilici, Ayse Gok Durnali, Lokman Koral, Mehmet Ali Nahit Sendur, Cihan Erol, Esma Turkmen, Omer Fatih Olmez, Ozgur Acikgoz, Sahin Lacin, Hayriye Sahinli, Zuhat Urakci, Abdurrahman Isikdogan
Summary: In adjuvant treatment for stage III colorectal cancer patients, three different 5-FU administration types in FOLFOX combination therapy demonstrate similar efficacy and manageable toxicity. There were no statistically significant differences in DFS and OS among the three treatment groups.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COLORECTAL DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Kaichun Wang, Wei Liu, Qinfen Xu, Chao Gu, Daode Hu
Summary: This study found that Tenacissoside G (TG) exhibited dose-dependent growth inhibitory activity and cell cycle arrest induction in colorectal cancer cells, enhancing the anticancer effects of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). The synergistic effects may be attributed to increased activation of caspase cascade, enhancement of DNA damage, and induction of p53 phosphorylation at Serine 46.
Article
Oncology
Hao Yang, Sha Xie, Beibei Liang, Qiqi Tang, Huanchen Liu, Dongliang Wang, Gang Huang
Summary: In this study, high expression of IDH1 in human colorectal cancer tissues was found to indicate high-grade tumors. Exosomal IDH1 derived from 5FU-resistant cells enhanced resistance to 5FU in sensitive cells by decreasing the level of IDH1-mediated NADPH, potentially acting as a driver of chemoresistance in colorectal cancer.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Mengmeng Wang, Xuqin Guo, Man Yang, Yawen Zhang, Fanyi Meng, Yinshuang Chen, Mengxi Chen, Tian Qiu, Jiawei Li, Zhi Li, Qi Zhang, Fang Xu, Haiyang Zhang, Weipeng Wang
Summary: Atosiban potentiates the antitumor effect of 5-Fu by enhancing its inhibitory effect on MSS-type CRC cells and eliminating 5-Fu-induced GATA3 expression.
BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Shuohui Dong, Songhan Li, Xiaoyan Wang, Shuo Liang, Wenjie Zhang, Linchuan Li, Qian Xu, Bowen Shi, Zhiqiang Cheng, Xiang Zhang, Mingwei Zhong, Guangyong Zhang, Sanyuan Hu
Summary: This study found that the high expression of CD147 is associated with decreased chemosensitivity and unfavorable prognosis in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients treated with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). CD147 regulates glycolipid metabolism by upregulating HIF-1 alpha-mediated glycolysis and attenuating PPAR alpha-mediated fatty acid oxidation, resulting in 5-FU resistance in CRC.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Michal Hendrych, Kamila Rihova, Barbora Adamova, Vojtech Hradil, Marek Stiborek, Petr Vlcek, Marketa Hermanova, Jana Vasickova, Petr Benes, Jan Smarda, Viktor Kanicky, Jan Preisler, Jarmila Navratilova
Summary: This study utilized robust three-dimensional models to test novel therapeutic strategies and proposed the combined therapy of 5-fluorouracil and disulfiram/copper for further research in colorectal carcinoma treatment. It also demonstrated that organotypic cultures are suitable models for anti-cancer drug testing.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Pathology
Yu-Ling Qu, Xiao-Li Liu, Shan-Yu Zhao, Xue-Feng Zhai
Summary: This study found that SPOCK1 is upregulated in 5-FU-resistant CRC cells and that knockdown of SPOCK1 increases their sensitivity to 5-FU. Conversely, overexpression of SPOCK1 enhances CRC cell resistance to 5-FU and reduces cell apoptosis.
PATHOLOGY RESEARCH AND PRACTICE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Mostafa Yusefi, Michiele Soon Lee-Kiun, Kamyar Shameli, Sin-Yeang Teow, Roshafima Rasit Ali, Kit-Kim Siew, Hui-Yin Chan, Magdelyn Mei-Theng Wong, Wei-Ling Lim, Kamil Kuca
Summary: The study developed a multifunctional magnetic cellulose nanocomposite MC/5-FU, demonstrating potential as a low-cost drug carrier for colorectal cancer treatments.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Neda Khosravi, Vahid Khaze Shahgoli, Mohammad Amini, Sahar Safaei, Ahad Mokhtarzadeh, Behzad Mansoori, Afshin Derakhshani, Amir Baghbanzadeh, Behzad Baradaran
Summary: The study demonstrated that Nanog knockdown in combination with 5-FU treatment effectively suppressed the pathophysiological processes induced by Nanog in CRC cells, including reducing migration and enhancing drug sensitivity.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
