Increased levels of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine and its relationship with lipid peroxidation and antioxidant vitamins in lung cancer

Background: Reactive oxygen species produced either endogenously or exogenously can attack lipids, proteins and DNA in human cells and cause potentially deleterious consequences. In recent years, their role in the pathogenesis of lung cancer and the preventive effect of antioxidants have been studied extensively. In this study, our aim was to investigate the levels of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (80HdG) and malondialdehyde as a marker for the effects of reactive oxygen species on DNA and lipids, the levels of antioxidant vitamins and the correlations between these oxidative stress markers and antioxidants in lung cancer. Methods: Serum malondialdehyde, beta-carotene, retinol, and vitamins C and E were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography methods in fasting blood samples and 80HdG was measured by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in 24-h urine samples of patients with lung cancer (n=39) and healthy controls (n=31). Results: The levels of 80HdG and malondialdehyde were significantly higher (p < 0.05 and p < 0.005, respectively) and beta-carotene, retinol, and vitamins C and E (p < 0.0001, p < 0.0001, p < 0.0001, and p < 0.05, respectively) were significantly lower in patients than in controls. There was a significantly positive correlation between 80HdG and malondialdehyde (r=0.463, p=0.01) and a negative correlation between the levels of 80HdG and retinol (r=-0.419, p=0.021) in the patient group. Conclusions: Our results demonstrate that the oxidant/antioxidant balance was spoiled in favor of lipid peroxidation and DNA damage in lung cancer patients. Significant increases in the levels of malondialdehyde and 80HdG and decreases in the levels of antioxidants suggest the possible involvement of oxidative stress in lung cancer.