Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zongbao Zhou, Jiangwei Xiao, Sheng Huang, Hengpeng Wu, Shuwen Guan, Tingting Wu, Shan Yu, Shuai Huang, Botao Gao
Summary: In this study, a multifunctional degradable hemostatic sponge based on carboxymethylated yeast beta-glucan (CMYG) was developed. The CMYG sponge demonstrated rapid blood absorption, tissue adhesion, and good in vitro biocompatibility. Compared to a commercial product, the CMYG sponge achieved faster hemostasis and reduced blood loss in liver injury rat models, and also showed outstanding antioxidant, anti-infection, anti-inflammatory, and cell proliferation effects, making it a promising candidate for clinical management of uncontrollable hemorrhage and wound repair.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Qian Wang, Hao Jiang, Hongli Zhang, Weiqiao Lu, Xiao Wang, Wenfeng Xu, Jia Li, Youjing Lv, Guoyun Li, Chao Cai, Guangli Yu
Summary: This study proposes a novel strategy of antibody-beta-glucan conjugates (AGC) to enhance the antitumor immune response to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy. AGC demonstrated powerful tumor suppression and promoted interaction between tumor cells and dendritic cells (DCs), thereby enhancing immunotherapeutic benefits.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2024)
Article
Acoustics
Hongjie Yuan, Yan He, Hua Zhang, Xia Ma
Summary: This study investigated the effects and mechanisms of ultrasound-assisted enzymolysis on the solubilization and modification of yeast beta-glucan. The results showed that ultrasound enhanced the solubility and antioxidant activities of yeast beta-glucan, leading to smaller particles and improved stability in water.
ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ioana Alesutan, Laura A. Henze, Beate Boehme, Trang T. D. Luong, Daniel Zickler, Burkert Pieske, Kai-Uwe Eckardt, Andreas Pasch, Jakob Voelkl
Summary: Medial vascular calcification is common in CKD and is closely linked to hyperphosphatemia. This study reveals the role and mechanisms of periostin in promoting vascular smooth muscle cell calcification.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xinlin Hu, Ping Yang, Changdong Chai, Jia Liu, Huanhuan Sun, Yanan Wu, Mingjie Zhang, Min Zhang, Xiaotian Liu, Hongjun Yu
Summary: This study reveals the structures and mechanisms of yeast FKS1 and the echinocandin-resistant mutant FKS1(S643P) using cryo-electron microscopy, advancing the understanding of fungal β-1,3-glucan biosynthesis and providing insights into drug-resistant mutations of FKS1. It establishes a foundation for the development of new antifungal drugs by targeting FKS.
Article
Cell Biology
John E. Le Lay, Qun Du, Minal B. Mehta, Nicholas Bhagroo, B. Timothy Hummer, Judith Falloon, Glenn Carlson, Anton Rosenbaum, ChaoYu Jin, Holly Kimko, Lan-Feng Tsai, Steven Novick, Bill Cook, David Han, Chang Yeop Han, Tomas Vaisar, Alan Chait, Sotirios K. Karathanasis, Christopher J. Rhodes, Boaz Hirshberg, Melissa M. Damschroder, Judith Hsia, Joseph S. Grimsby
Summary: HDL levels play a crucial role in cardiovascular disease, and inhibiting endothelial lipase can increase HDL-C, improve lipoprotein profiles, and reduce cardiovascular risk when combined with other medications.
SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
Pilanee Vaithanomsat, Nutthamon Boonlum, Chanaporn Trakunjae, Waraporn Apiwatanapiwat, Phornphimon Janchai, Antika Boondaeng, Kanokwan Phalinphattharakit, Hataitip Nimitkeatkai, Amnat Jarerat
Summary: This study focused on the recovery of beta-glucan (BG) from yeast using alkaline and enzymatic processes. It was found that alkaline treatment resulted in higher purity and solubility of BG compared to enzymatic treatment. Fourier transform infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy confirmed the purity and functional properties of BG obtained from different recovery methods and raw materials.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lin Ning, Hamza B. Abagna, Qianhu Jiang, Siqi Liu, Jian Huang
Summary: The global health crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic continues, with many therapeutic antibody treatments in development and authorized for emergency use by the FDA. Ongoing clinical trials worldwide have shown therapeutic antibody therapies to be a crucial part of COVID-19 treatment.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Fangzhou He, Conghua Xie, Xiaojuan Xu
Summary: This study demonstrates a drug delivery system using yeast 8-glucan particle (YGP) to reduce the physiological toxicity of anti-cancer drug doxorubicin (DOX). DOX was encapsulated into YGP@N=C-HA, which could release DOX in response to pH. Cell experiments showed that YGP@N=C-HA/DOX had a good killing effect on cancer cells and was internalized through CD44 receptors. Furthermore, YGP@N=C-HA/DOX effectively inhibited tumor growth and reduced the physiological toxicity of DOX.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Emma J. Murphy, Emanuele Rezoagli, Catherine Collins, Sushanta Kumar Saha, Ian Major, Patrick Murray
Summary: β-Glucans are complex polysaccharides found in various sources, including cereals, mushrooms, microalgae, bacteria, and seaweeds. They have significant clinical interest and can be used for treating diseases such as cancer and cardiovascular conditions. Cultivation conditions can be controlled to enhance sustainable production of β-glucans.
MICROBIOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Min Choi, Seung Min Lee, Jin Woo Lee, Inki Kim, Chan-Gi Pack, Chang Hoon Ha
Summary: This study investigated the correlation between yeast-derived 13-glucan and HDAC5 in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), revealing that 13-glucan induces angiogenesis through HDAC5. The study showed that 13-glucan stimulates HDAC5 phosphorylation, leading to its translocation from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. This translocation mediates the transcriptional activation of MEF2 and the expression of MEF2-dependent genes involved in angiogenesis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Ionut Avramia, Sonia Amariei
Summary: The aim of this study was to develop fast dissolving films based on beta-glucan and bilberry juice for packaging diabetes drugs. The addition of surfactants was found to contribute to the development of the films without affecting water vapor diffusion.
Review
Immunology
Vincent Dussupt, Kayvon Modjarrad, Shelly J. Krebs
Summary: The unprecedented Zika outbreak in the Americas from 2015-2016 led to global concern and accelerated the deployment of vaccine and therapeutic countermeasures. Several potent neutralizing antibodies against Zika and related flaviviruses have been discovered in recent years. Structure-based approaches have helped identify species-specific and cross-protective epitopes with therapeutic value.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Yifang Shui, Xin Hu, Hiroshi Hirano, Kisato Kusano, Hirotake Tsukamoto, Mengquan Li, Kenichiro Hasumi, Wen-Zhi Guo, Xiao-Kang Li
Summary: Dendritic cells play a crucial role in the immune response against tumors, but can be influenced by an immunosuppressive environment. Aureobasidium pullulan-derived beta-glucan has shown potential in enhancing the anti-tumoral activity of dendritic cells and inhibiting tumor growth.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Brian Effer, Isabela Perez, Daniel Ulloa, Carolyn Mayer, Francisca Munoz, Diego Bustos, Claudio Rojas, Carlos Manterola, Luis Vergara-Gomez, Camila Dappolonnio, Helga Weber, Pamela Leal
Summary: Cancer is a major cause of death and disease globally, and treatment options are continuously evolving. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have been considered a fundamental aspect of modern cancer therapy in immunotherapy. To avoid side effects, it is important to identify specific molecular targets or biomarkers of therapy and/or diagnosis (theragnostic) when designing an appropriate immunotherapeutic regimen for any type of cancer. Additionally, understanding the mechanisms of action of currently employed mAbs in immunotherapy is crucial. This review provides a description of therapeutic targets used in cancer immunotherapy over the past 5 years, as well as emerging targets for potential therapeutic options in mAbs application for immunotherapy. It also explores the mechanisms of action of currently employed mAbs in immunotherapy.