Article
Physiology
Masatoshi Nakamura, Kaoru Yahata, Shigeru Sato, Ryosuke Kiyono, Riku Yoshida, Taizan Fukaya, Joao Pedro Nunes, Andreas Konrad
Summary: A high-volume stretching intervention program over 5 weeks showed significant improvements in ankle dorsiflexion ROM and muscle stiffness, but these training effects were diminished after a 5-week detraining period.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Suzanne Lafon, Alexis Chenneviere, Frederic Restagno, Samy Merabia, Laurent Joly
Summary: The effect of temperature on friction and slip at the liquid-solid interface has been studied both numerically and experimentally over the past 20 years. However, the role of temperature on slip close to the glass transition has not been well explored. In this study, molecular dynamics simulations were used to investigate the effect of temperature on friction and slip length in a bidisperse atomic fluid. The results showed that at high temperatures, an Arrhenius law fits well, while in the supercooled state, the viscosity becomes super-Arrhenian and the interfacial friction can drastically decrease, leading to a significant increase in slip length.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Wenjuan Jiang, Yi-Chun Lin, Yun Lyna Luo
Summary: Molecular dynamics simulations show that anionic lipids can modulate the mechanical properties of lipid bilayers, with PS reducing bending rigidity and cholesterol significantly increasing mechanical constants. The effect of anionic lipids on bilayer bending rigidity depends on the number of anionic lipid pairs formed during simulations.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Kensuke Oba, Mina Samukawa, Yosuke Abe, Yukino Suzuki, Miho Komatsuzaki, Satoshi Kasahara, Tomoya Ishida, Harukazu Tohyama
Summary: This study compared the effects of intermittent and continuous stretching on the musculotendinous complex of ankle plantar flexors. The results showed that intermittent stretching was more effective in increasing ROM and changing mechanical properties compared to continuous stretching, although there was no difference in MTS reduction between the two conditions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jamie Pethick, Jason Moran, David G. Behm
Summary: Static stretching reduces maximal muscle force generation and also affects the generation of precise levels of force during submaximal contractions. In this study, the effect of acute static stretching on knee extensor force control was investigated. The results showed that prolonged static stretching led to decreased maximal force and increased fluctuations in force at moderate to high intensities, indicating negative effects on force control tasks.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Varun Harbola, Samuel Crossley, Seung Sae Hong, Di Lu, Yorick A. Birkholzer, Yasuyuki Hikita, Harold Y. Hwang
Summary: Young's modulus plays a crucial role in determining the mechanical behavior of materials, particularly in flexoelectric materials where the modulus may vary nonmonotonically with thickness and be influenced by strain gradients. Nanomechanical measurements of SrTiO3 crystalline membrane drumheads reveal unexpected thickness dependence of Young's modulus, with significantly different values obtained for predominantly bending and stretching deformations in membranes thinner than 20 nm. In this regime, a strain gradient elastic coupling of around 2.2 µN is extracted, suggesting potential applications in new operational regimes of nanoelectro-mechanics.
Article
Physiology
Taizan Fukaya, Andreas Konrad, Shigeru Sato, Ryosuke Kiyono, Kaoru Yahata, Koki Yasaka, Remi Onuma, Riku Yoshida, Masatoshi Nakamura
Summary: This study compared the effects of contract-relax stretching and antagonist contract-relax stretching on muscle stiffness and stretch tolerance. The results showed that both methods significantly increased range of motion and stretch tolerance, but contract-relax stretching was more effective in reducing muscle stiffness.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Nigel T. Andersen, Yue Teng, Jeff Z. Y. Chen
Summary: This study provides a high-precision numerical solution for the wormlike chain under stretching potential using commonly used theoretical and computational approaches. Previous theoretical studies and the current work are critically examined for their validity, with numerical data as the benchmark.
Article
Physics, Applied
Yaroslav Tserkovnyak, Eran Maniv, James G. Analytis
Summary: Current-induced spin torques in layered magnetic heterostructures have similarities across different magnetic materials, but their consequences depend on the nature of the order and whether there is a net magnetic moment. The presence of a net magnetic moment allows for unipolar switching capability in the system, while magnetically compensated materials tend to evolve into limit cycles with chirality dependent on the torque sign under large torques.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Sport Sciences
Francis J. Gesel, Emily K. Morenz, Christopher J. Cleary, Dain P. LaRoche
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the effects of static and ballistic stretching on muscle-tendon unit (MTU) stiffness, work absorption, strength, power, and countermovement vertical jump performance. The results showed that acute static stretching reduced work absorption and isokinetic power, while ballistic stretching did not have these effects. The study also found significant positive correlations between MTU stiffness, work absorption, strength, and power. However, neither static nor ballistic stretching affected countermovement vertical jump performance.
JOURNAL OF STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Michael J. Pomeroy, Stuart Hampshire, Jean-Christophe Sangleboeuf, Tanguy Rouxel
Summary: Oxynitride glasses have high refractoriness and remarkable mechanical properties, showing linear relationships between glass properties and nitrogen content. The improvements in mechanical properties come from the increase of atomic network cross-linking and atomic packing density. Oxynitride glasses offer advantages over oxide glasses, with higher mechanical properties and high temperature resistance.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF APPLIED CERAMIC TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Marie M. Moltubakk, Fabienne O. Villars, Melina M. Magulas, Stig P. Magnusson, Olivier R. Seynnes, Jens Bojsen-Moller
Summary: The study found that habitual stretching can increase joint range of motion, decrease passive torque, and alter muscle-tendon behavior with the potential to modify contractile function.
MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Liang Yu, Biao Ma, Changsong Zheng, Man Chen, Qian Wang, Bin Zhang
Summary: The research found that the groove area affects the friction-wear properties of wet clutches, reducing the groove area can decrease friction disc wear but increase carbon black. The groove area should be designed based on the position of the friction discs to optimize performance.
TRIBOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Sport Sciences
Kosuke Takeuchi, Masatoshi Nakamura, Shingo Matsuo, Kazunori Akizuki, Takamasa Mizuno
Summary: The present study aimed to investigate the effects of speed and amplitude of dynamic stretching for 30 seconds on hamstring muscle strength and flexibility. The results showed that dynamic stretching at fast speed and with normal amplitude was beneficial for improving muscle strength and range of motion, but had no effect on muscle-tendon unit stiffness.
JOURNAL OF SPORTS SCIENCE AND MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Ankit Kumar Panda, Ashutosh Dash, Rajesh Biswas, Victor Roy
Summary: In this study, we derived the relativistic resistive dissipative second-order magnetohydrodynamic evolution equations using the Boltzmann equation, extending our previous work that only considered the nonresistive limit. In the first-order, bulk and shear stress are independent of the electromagnetic field, while the diffusion current depends on the electric field. In the second-order, new transport coefficients coupling electromagnetic fields with dissipative quantities appear, which are different from those obtained in the presence of the electromagnetic field through the 14-moment approximation.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Mitchel A. Magrini, Rashelle Hoffman, Taylor Barnett, Jennifer Bruursema, Jacob Siedlik
Summary: This study aimed to assess the effect of a multicomponent rehabilitation protocol on functional outcomes in a post-acute care facility. The results showed that the protocol was able to improve clinical mobility and balance outcomes, such as gait speed, balance scores, and sit-to-stand velocity, in medically complex older patients.
CLINICAL BIOMECHANICS
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
K. Doslikova, N. D. Reeves, C. N. Maganaris, V. Baltzopoulos, S. M. P. Verschueren, F. P. Luyten, R. K. Jones, D. T. Felson, M. J. Callaghan
Summary: This study aimed to examine the effect of a sleeve knee brace on knee biomechanics during stair negotiation in patellofemoral joint osteoarthritis patients. The findings showed that the knee brace significantly reduced the maximal flexion angle, adduction angle, sagittal and frontal range of motion, and sagittal peak extension moment during stair ascent. During stair descent, the knee brace significantly reduced the maximal flexion angle and total sagittal range of motion compared to control.
CLINICAL BIOMECHANICS
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Savitha Subramaniam, Shuaijie Wang, Tanvi Bhatt
Summary: This study investigates the dance movement kinematics of people with chronic stroke under different types of assistance, including no assistance, safety harness assistance, and contact guard assistance with gait belt. The results show that there is a decrease in joint angle excursions in the no assistance condition compared to the safety harness assistance and contact guard assistance conditions for all song paces. The safety harness and contact guard assistance conditions have similar levels of joint angle excursions, except for higher hip (slow and fast pace) and ankle (medium pace) joint angle excursions in the contact guard assistance condition compared to the safety harness assistance condition.
CLINICAL BIOMECHANICS
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Richa Gupta, Lauren Judkins, Chet S. Friday, Joseph B. Ulsh, Stephen J. Kovach III, Samir Mehta, Charles Tomonto, Guha Manogharan, Michael W. Hast
Summary: The study compared novel additively manufactured rib implants with a clinically used Control implant, finding that the novel implants had better construct stiffness and rotational performance than the control group, with all implants failing via bone fracture in the end.
CLINICAL BIOMECHANICS
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Matteo Cioni, Antonino Casabona, Rosario Ferlito, Mariangela Pisasale, Domenico Marco Romeo, Giulia Messina, Maria Stella Valle
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the temporal changes of electromyographic activity in lower limb muscles during walking after injecting botulinum toxin A into the calf muscles of children with spastic cerebral palsy. The results showed that botulinum toxin A had a significant effect on electromyographic activity, with the most noticeable changes occurring between 4 and 8 weeks post-injection and full recovery at 16 weeks. Significant changes in muscle co-contraction were also observed on the treadmill.
CLINICAL BIOMECHANICS
(2024)
Review
Engineering, Biomedical
Vitor La Banca, Joao Artur Bonadiman, Felipe Fernandes Gonzalez, Jonathan Adam Gustafson, Gustavo Leporace, Grant E. Garrigues, Jorge Chahla, Leonardo Metsavaht
Summary: Background: Latissimus dorsi transfer is a surgical procedure that can be used for treating posterosuperior rotator cuff tears. However, there is still no consensus on the biomechanical changes resulting from latissimus dorsi transfer.
Methods: We performed a systematic review of the literature on 3D motion analysis studies evaluating the effects of latissimus dorsi transfer on shoulder kinematics.
Findings: Our meta-analysis revealed a significant improvement in forward flexion and abduction following latissimus dorsi transfer. When comparing the latissimus transferred shoulder with an uninjured contralateral side, the meta-analysis found no significant difference in flexion range of motion, while abduction and external rotation were significantly higher in the uninjured shoulders.
CLINICAL BIOMECHANICS
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Judith Bleuel, Igor Komnik, Iris Mittendorfer, Bjoern Michel, Steffen Willwacher
Summary: This study assessed the walking mechanics of patients with total knee arthroplasty during downhill hiking and compared them to a healthy control group. It was found that patients had lower knee flexion angles and weaker muscle strength compared to the controls. The muscle balance between quadriceps and hamstring muscles was related to the persistence of a stiff knee gait pattern after knee arthroplasty.
CLINICAL BIOMECHANICS
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Sangsoo Park, Hyun-Joon Yoo, Jin Su Jang, Sang-Heon Lee
Summary: This study utilizes a neural network to measure spine curvature, providing a real-time, automated, and non-contact method for measuring spine posture. The trained model demonstrates low error rates and holds potential for practical applications.
CLINICAL BIOMECHANICS
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Victor-Estuardo Leon-Roman, David Garcia-Mato, Irene Isabel Lopez-Torres, Javier Vaquero-Martin, Jose Antonio Calvo-Haro, Javier Pascau, Pablo Sanz-Ruiz
Summary: This study compared the tibial rotation between rotating hinge knee prosthesis and constrained condylar knee prosthesis in a clinical setting. The results showed that the postoperative Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score was significantly higher in the rotating hinge knee prosthesis group compared to the constrained condylar knee group, and the degrees of tibial rotation measured by inertial sensors were also significantly higher in the rotating hinge knee prosthesis group.
CLINICAL BIOMECHANICS
(2024)