Article
Microbiology
Tomoki Yoshikawa, Satoshi Taniguchi, Hirofumi Kato, Naoko Iwata-Yoshikawa, Hideki Tani, Takeshi Kurosu, Hikaru Fujii, Natsumi Omura, Miho Shibamura, Shumpei Watanabe, Kazutaka Egawa, Takuya Inagaki, Satoko Sugimoto, Supranee Phanthanawiboon, Shizuko Harada, Souichi Yamada, Shuetsu Fukushi, Shigeru Morikawa, Noriyo Nagata, Masayuki Shimojima, Masayuki Saijo
Summary: The text summarizes the use of the vaccinia virus strain LC16m8 (m8) as a promising vaccine candidate for Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome (SFTS). The study shows that recombinant m8 vaccines expressing SFTSV proteins induced specific antibodies in mice and provided protective immunity against lethal SFTSV challenge in vivo. Additionally, the study suggests that m8-based vaccines are potential candidates for preventing SFTS.
Article
Microbiology
Alba Grifoni, Yun Zhang, Alison Tarke, John Sidney, Paul Rubiro, Maria Reina-Campos, Gilberto Filaci, Jennifer M. Dan, Richard H. Scheuermann, Alessandro Sette
Summary: This study predicts potential MPXV targets using information from the Immune Epitope Database, enabling the monitoring of cellular immunity following MPXV infection and vaccination.
CELL HOST & MICROBE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Richard B. Kennedy, Inna G. Ovsyannikova, Iana H. Haralambieva, Diane E. Grill, Gregory A. Poland
Summary: The availability of effective smallpox vaccines was crucial for eradicating smallpox. This study utilized a poxvirus proteome array to assess the antibody response to viral proteins in smallpox vaccine recipients, revealing differences in antibody response between genders and racial/ethnic groups. The findings support the use of ACAM2000 as a replacement smallpox vaccine and demonstrate the value of poxvirus proteome microarrays in serologic surveillance studies for smallpox.
Review
Veterinary Sciences
Atieh Darbandi, Shabnam Zeighamy Alamdary, Maryam Koupaei, Roya Ghanavati, Mohsen Heidary, Malihe Talebi
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of Brucella vaccines on mouse models and discuss the potential mechanisms for the design of human vaccines. The results showed that Brucella vaccines can reduce the bacterial load and colonization rate in the spleen, increase inflammatory markers, especially IFN-gamma and IL-4, and induce the highest levels of antibodies compared to animals challenged with different virulent strains of Brucella. Additionally, mice showed the highest level of Brucella vaccine protection and clearance of Brucella strains when the immunization was delivered via the IP or IP-IN routes.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Katlyn Lederer, Emily Bettini, Kalpana Parvathaneni, Mark M. Painter, Divyansh Agarwal, Kendall A. Lundgreen, Madison Weirick, Kavitha Muralidharan, Diana Castano, Rishi R. Goel, Xiaoming Xu, Elizabeth M. Drapeau, Sigrid Gouma, Jordan T. Ort, Moses Awofolaju, Allison R. Greenplate, Carole Le Coz, Neil Romberg, Jennifer Trofe-Clark, Gregory Malat, Lisa Jones, Mark Rosen, Daniela Weiskopf, Alessandro Sette, Behdad Besharatian, Mary Kaminiski, Scott E. Hensley, Paul Bates, E. John Wherry, Ali Naji, Vijay Bhoj, Michela Locci
Summary: This study compared the immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines in healthy individuals and kidney transplant recipients by analyzing lymph nodes. The results showed that kidney transplant recipients had significantly impaired immune responses, including reduced GC B cell responses, hindered T follicular helper cell function, and decreased memory B cell and neutralizing antibody responses. They also had reduced frequencies of SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4 and CD8 T cells. These findings suggest impaired GC-derived immunity in immunocompromised individuals following mRNA vaccination.
Article
Rheumatology
Cristiana Sieiro Santos, Sara Calleja Antolin, Clara Moriano Morales, Juan Garcia Herrero, Elvira Diez Alvarez, Fernando Ramos Ortega, Jose G. Ruiz de Morales
Summary: Patients with IMRD receiving immunosuppressive therapies exhibit impaired immunogenicity after receiving mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, with drugs like methotrexate and azathioprine showing varying levels of impact on vaccine responses. Abatacept and B-cell depleting therapies have deleterious effects, while anticytokines help preserve immunogenicity. The effects of cumulative methotrexate and glucocorticoid doses on vaccine immunogenicity warrant consideration, and humoral and cellular responses show weak correlation while CD4 and CD8 responses are tightly correlated, suggesting a more nuanced evaluation than seroconversion alone.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Haneen Imad Abufares, Leen Oyoun Alsoud, Mohammad A. Y. Alqudah, Mohd Shara, Nelson C. Soares, Karem H. Alzoubi, Waseem El-Huneidi, Yasser Bustanji, Sameh S. M. Soliman, Mohammad H. Semreen
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused global crises, and the development of vaccines has become a collaborative effort worldwide. WHO-approved vaccines have been shown to be safe and effective, enhancing immune response and reducing the risk of infection. However, the type of vaccine and individual health status have significant impacts on immune responses.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Priscila Diniz Lopes, Cintia Hiromi Okino, Filipe Santos Fernando, Caren Pavani, Viviane Casagrande Mariguela, Maria de Fatima Silva Montassier, Helio Jose Montassier
Summary: The study found that the AvCoV-CS vaccine administered alone or in combination with the Mass vaccine can induce strong immune responses and provide complete protection, while the AvCoV-O vaccine administered alone shows poor efficacy and requires priming by the Mass strain for protection.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Emilie Jalbert, Cuining Liu, Vidya Mave, Nancy Lang, Anju Kagal, Chhaya Valvi, Mandar Paradkar, Nikhil Gupte, Rahul Lokhande, Renu Bharadwaj, Vandana Kulkarni, Amita Gupta, Adriana Weinberg
Summary: There is a need for more effective vaccines against tuberculosis (TB) than the currently licensed BCG vaccine. This study aimed to identify new vaccine benchmarks by examining immune responses in individuals able to eradicate the infection (TB-resisters) and individuals with latent infection (LTBI-participants). Results showed that TB-resisters had higher frequencies of certain T cells and higher proportions of polyfunctional T cells expressing specific markers, while LTBI-participants had higher expression of activation markers and cytokines. The findings suggest that specific T cell responses may be desirable for new TB vaccines.
Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
Ai-ris Y. Collier, Jingyou Yu, Katherine McMahan, Jinyan Liu, Abishek Chandrashekar, Jenny S. Maron, Caroline Atyeo, David R. Martinez, Jessica L. Ansel, Ricardo Aguayo, Marjorie Rowe, Catherine Jacob-Dolan, Daniel Sellers, Julia Barrett, Kunza Ahmad, Tochi Anioke, Haley VanWyk, Sarah Gardner, Olivia Powers, Esther A. Bondzie, Huahua Wan, Ralph S. Baric, Galit Alter, Michele R. Hacker, Dan H. Barouch
Summary: The kinetics of immune response to Covid-19 vaccines were studied, showing varying peak levels and durations of response for different vaccines. However, the response levels correlating with protection have not been defined yet.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Ying Huang, Monique S. Franca, James D. Allen, Hua Shi, Ted M. Ross
Summary: The research group has developed a new generation of COBRA HA vaccines, Y2 and Y4, which have been shown in mouse studies to significantly reduce viral load in mice infected with H1N1 influenza viruses and reduce lung damage. The antibodies produced by these vaccines also exhibit high cross-reactivity with a range of influenza A (H1N1) pdm09-like viruses, especially those circulating in recent years from 2019 to 2021.
Article
Microbiology
Jiawu Wan, Zongmei Wang, Lingli Wang, Liqin Wu, Chengguang Zhang, Ming Zhou, Zhen F. Fu, Ling Zhao
Summary: A circRNA vaccine targeting lymph nodes has been developed, which shows targeted delivery and stability after lyophilization. The vaccine, modified with mannose, remains stable and maintains immunogenicity even after long-term storage.
Article
Immunology
Mengsu Zhao, Yanfang Zhai, Xiaodong Zai, Yunyun Mao, Enbo Hu, Zhaodong Wei, Yan Li, Kai Li, Yanhong Liu, Junjie Xu, Rui Yu, Wei Chen
Summary: No FDA-approved vaccines are available for tularemia, a highly contagious disease caused by Francisella tularensis. This study identified potential protective antigens for vaccine development, including Tul4, OmpA, FopA, and DnaK, and found that using an adenovirus vector encoding these proteins can induce protective immunity against Ft infection. Intramuscular vaccination with Ad5-Tul4 effectively eliminated Ft colonization in multiple organs and provided high levels of protection, while intranasal vaccination only protected against intranasal challenge.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kue Peng Lim, Nur Syafinaz Zainal
Summary: With the regulatory approval of Provenge and T-VEC for the treatment of metastatic prostate cancer and advanced melanoma respectively, and other promising clinical trials outcomes, cancer vaccine is gaining prominence as a cancer therapeutic agent.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR BIOSCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Jeroen van Bergen, Marcel G. M. Camps, Iris N. Pardieck, Dominique Veerkamp, Wing Yan Leung, Anouk A. Leijs, Sebenzile K. Myeni, Marjolein Kikkert, Ramon Arens, Gerben C. Zondag, Ferry Ossendorp
Summary: SARS-CoV-2 is the third zoonotic coronavirus to cause a major outbreak in humans in recent years, and there are other SARS-like coronaviruses with pandemic potential circulating in animals. T cell-based pan-sarbecovirus vaccines have been designed and preclinically tested, which can protect against hospitalization and death caused by these viruses by inducing T cell immunity.