Linear trends in sea surface temperature of the tropical Pacific Ocean and implications for the El Niño-Southern Oscillation

An analysis of warm pool and cold tongue El Niños: air–sea coupling processes, global influences, and recent trends

(2011) Zeng-Zhen Hu et al.   CLIMATE DYNAMICS

Natural variation in ENSO flavors

(2011) Matthew Newman et al.   GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS

El Niño and its relationship to changing background conditions in the tropical Pacific Ocean

(2011) M. J. McPhaden et al.   GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS

ENSO regimes: Reinterpreting the canonical and Modoki El Niño

(2011) K. Takahashi et al.   GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS

Reversed Spatial Asymmetries between El Niño and La Niña and Their Linkage to Decadal ENSO Modulation in CMIP3 Models

(2011) Jin-Yi Yu et al.   JOURNAL OF CLIMATE

Critical influence of the pattern of Tropical Ocean warming on remote climate trends

(2010) Sang-Ik Shin et al.   CLIMATE DYNAMICS

Twentieth century tropical sea surface temperature trends revisited

(2010) Clara Deser et al.   GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS

Sea surface temperature cooling mode in the Pacific cold tongue

(2010) Wenjun Zhang et al.   JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH

Changes in the sea surface temperature threshold for tropical convection

(2010) Nathaniel C. Johnson et al.   Nature Geoscience

The impact of global warming on the tropical Pacific Ocean and El Niño

(2010) Mat Collins et al.   Nature Geoscience

Sea Surface Temperature Variability: Patterns and Mechanisms

(2009) Clara Deser et al.   Annual Review of Marine Science

The 1918/19 El Niño

(2009) Benjamin S. Giese et al.   BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY

Observed Strengthening of the Zonal Sea Surface Temperature Gradient across the Equatorial Pacific Ocean*

(2009) Kristopher B. Karnauskas et al.   JOURNAL OF CLIMATE

Climate Response of the Equatorial Pacific to Global Warming

(2009) Pedro N. DiNezio et al.   JOURNAL OF CLIMATE

Linking the Pacific Meridional Mode to ENSO: Coupled Model Analysis

(2009) Li Zhang et al.   JOURNAL OF CLIMATE

On the Relationship between SST Gradients, Boundary Layer Winds, and Convergence over the Tropical Oceans

(2009) Larissa E. Back et al.   JOURNAL OF CLIMATE

Regional cooling in a warming world: Recent temperature trends in the southeast Pacific and along the west coast of subtropical South America (1979–2006)

(2009) Mark Falvey et al.   JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH

The El Niño with a difference

(2009) Karumuri Ashok et al.   NATURE

El Niño in a changing climate

(2009) Sang-Wook Yeh et al.   NATURE

Impact of Shifting Patterns of Pacific Ocean Warming on North Atlantic Tropical Cyclones

(2009) Hye-Mi Kim et al.   SCIENCE

Understanding El Niño in Ocean–Atmosphere General Circulation Models: Progress and Challenges

(2008) Eric Guilyardi et al.   BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY

Improvements to NOAA’s Historical Merged Land–Ocean Surface Temperature Analysis (1880–2006)

(2008) Thomas M. Smith et al.   JOURNAL OF CLIMATE

How Important Is Air–Sea Coupling in ENSO and MJO Evolution?

(2008) Matthew Newman et al.   JOURNAL OF CLIMATE

Two Types of El Niño Events: Cold Tongue El Niño and Warm Pool El Niño

(2008) Jong-Seong Kug et al.   JOURNAL OF CLIMATE

Contrasting Eastern-Pacific and Central-Pacific Types of ENSO

(2008) Hsun-Ying Kao et al.   JOURNAL OF CLIMATE