Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Xiaoshi Qiao, Mingjian Zeng, Saidi Wang, Yanfei Zeng
Summary: This study investigated the impact of stochastic perturbations on precipitation forecasts and compared two different perturbation methods. Perturbing the temperature and humidity tendencies did not significantly affect the precipitation placement, resulting in relatively low forecast skill scores. On the other hand, perturbing the reference profiles improved the spatial distribution of precipitation and alleviated wet and dry biases.
ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Xiaohan Li, Yi Zhang, Xindong Peng, Wenchao Chu, Yanluan Lin, Jian Li
Summary: This study compares the effects of the original convective parameterization and a double-plume scheme on climate simulation in CAM5. The results show that the double-plume scheme improves the simulated precipitation pattern and tropical variability, reducing some biases.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Wenyu Zhou, L. Ruby Leung, Jian Lu
Summary: This study shows that local-scale drizzling bias in atmospheric models can lead to large-scale double-ITCZ bias in coupled models. The double-ITCZ bias consists of hemispherically asymmetric and nearly symmetric components.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Christopher Holder, Anand Gnanadesikan
Summary: The study investigates the relationship between intrinsic and apparent relationships in biological oceanography, finding that neural networks can extract information about intrinsic relationships from apparent relationships. This has significant implications for understanding growth patterns and nutrient limitations in marine ecosystems.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Yonghui Fan, Jianting Zhou, Chao Luo, Jun Yang, Jingzhou Xin, Shaorui Wang
Summary: A self-balancing pulley-group loading system was designed based on a 1:10 scale model test of the world's largest spanning arch bridge. An optimization algorithm for loading points at different construction stages was proposed. The results showed that the loading scheme can provide reference for the design of loading systems with the same type of scale model test.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Markus Geldenhuys, Peter Preusse, Isabell Krisch, Christoph Zuelicke, Joern Ungermann, Manfred Ern, Felix Friedl-Vallon, Martin Riese
Summary: This study discusses a new mechanism for the excitation of gravity waves by orography-jet interaction, identifying the source of gravity waves observed over Greenland. The gravity waves exhibit complex features during propagation, including horizontal and vertical wavelengths, temperature amplitudes, and propagation directions.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Shiyu Zhang, Minghao Wang, Lanning Wang, Xin-Zhong Liang, Chao Sun, Qingquan Li
Summary: The ability of climate models to capture extreme precipitation events is crucial. However, most existing models have biases in simulating extreme precipitation. In this study, different cumulus parameterization schemes were used to examine the performance and biases of the CWRF model in simulating extreme precipitation events in China. The ensemble cumulus parameterization scheme showed the best results, significantly improving the simulation of extreme precipitation compared to observational data.
ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Fang Ou Yang, Gang Fan, Kaifeng Wang, Chen Yang, Wenqiang Lyu, Jianjing Zhang
Summary: The study found that geosynthetic-encased stone columns (ESCs) amplify surface accelerations more significantly than ordinary stone columns (SCs). The acceleration response of the ground is influenced by multiple factors, with ESCs developing a wider range of surface cracks compared to SCs.
GEOTEXTILES AND GEOMEMBRANES
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Haerin Park, Gayoung Kim, Dong-Hyun Cha, Eun-Chul Chang, Joowan Kim, Sang-Hun Park, Dong-Kyou Lee
Summary: This study investigates the impact of a scale-aware convective parameterization scheme (CPS) on the simulation of heavy precipitation in the gray-zone using the WRF model. The results show that the scale-aware MSKF scheme improves the simulation of convective cells-related heavy rainfall, reducing the role of the CPS and increasing the role of the microphysics parameterization scheme (MPS) in the gray-zone.
JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN MODELING EARTH SYSTEMS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Augusto Getirana, Felipe Mandarino, Patricia Ney de Montezuma, Dalia Kirschbaum
Summary: As flood modeling spatial resolutions get finer, it becomes necessary to account for urban drainage. This study evaluates an urban drainage scheme for large-scale flood models, showing that representing a drainage network decreases urban flooding and lowers flood exposure risk. The simulations also reveal that racial minority and low-income populations are disproportionately affected by extreme floods in the city.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
B. Khouider, B. B. Goswami, R. Phani, A. J. Majda
Summary: Cumulus parameterization in global climate models is based on the quasi-equilibrium assumption, which is not compatible with the organization and dynamical interactions of cloud systems. Recently, novel ideas such as the stochastic multicloud model have emerged to represent the key processes of moist convection-large-scale interaction. By modifying the Zhang-McFarlane parameterization, the stochastic multicloud model introduces a stochastic ensemble of plumes to better simulate organized tropical convection.
JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN MODELING EARTH SYSTEMS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Christopher J. J. Cox, Michael R. R. Gallagher, Matthew D. D. Shupe, P. Ola G. Persson, Amy Solomon, Christopher W. W. Fairall, Thomas Ayers, Byron Blomquist, Ian M. M. Brooks, Dave Costa, Andrey Grachev, Daniel Gottas, Jennifer K. K. Hutchings, Mark Kutchenreiter, Jesse Leach, Sara M. M. Morris, Victor Morris, Jackson Osborn, Sergio Pezoa, Andreas Preusser, Laura D. D. Riihimaki, Taneil Uttal
Summary: The Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) was a yearlong expedition that documented the annual cycle of processes impacting the Arctic atmosphere-ice-ocean system. Measurements of the sea ice's thermodynamic and dynamic evolution were of central importance. This manuscript provides a guide for researchers to access and use the data products acquired during the expedition.
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Yuqi Zhang, Joshua K. Roundy, Joseph A. Santanello
Summary: Regional climate models are expected to exhibit improved skill at finer spatial resolutions, but the study found that improvements are limited solely from finer resolution, while not using the cumulus scheme at a 4-km resolution can lead to larger improvement in precipitation prediction. Object-based analysis shows better representation of spatial properties of precipitation without the cumulus scheme, highlighting deficiencies in model configurations.
ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLING & SOFTWARE
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Nishi Srivastava, Nadege Blond
Summary: Meteorology plays a crucial role in regional aerosol concentration and distribution, which is closely linked to aerosol and their removal processes. This study investigates the impact of different microphysical and cumulus cloud parameterization schemes on the simulation of aerosol/pollutant concentrations using a chemical transport model. The results demonstrate significant differences in simulated meteorological parameters with different scheme combinations, highlighting the importance of selecting appropriate parameterization schemes for reliable modeling. Additionally, the study suggests that ensemble modeling may be preferable over single simulations.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Shibo Gao, Danlian Huang, Ningzhu Du, Chuanyou Ren, Haiqiu Yu
Summary: Ensemble dynamical downscaling of precipitation over China based on two different cumulus convective parameterization schemes showed superior performance in capturing the characteristics of precipitation patterns and improving the representation of both annual mean and interannual variations. The ensemble also demonstrated the highest skill in representing precipitation anomalies at regional scales for all subregions, as well as capturing the spatial patterns and temporal variations of dominant precipitation variability modes.
ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
X. Liu, J. Yao, T. Wu, S. Zhang, F. Xu, L. Zhang, W. Jie, W. Zhou, Q. Li, X. Liang, M. Chu, J. Yan, S. Nie, Y. Cheng
Summary: The development of a coupled data assimilation system has led to reliable analysis of the atmosphere, ocean, and sea-ice states, with a focus on the importance of coordinating sea-ice observations and ocean observations. The system realistically reproduces the climatology and variability of ocean, sea-ice, and atmosphere, showing significant improvements in temperature error reduction in the upper ocean and effective analysis in the high-latitude Southern Ocean through sea-ice data assimilation.
JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN MODELING EARTH SYSTEMS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xiaoge Xin, Tongwen Wu, Weihua Jie, Jie Zhang
Summary: High-resolution climate models in the High Resolution Model Intercomparison Project (HighResMIP) show advantages in simulating the climatological distribution of precipitation over China, particularly in reproducing topographical rainfall and local circulation over complex terrain. However, there is still room for improvement in simulating precipitation over Southeast China and Northern China, as well as over the Tibetan Plateau.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Jian Rao, Chaim I. Garfinkel, Tongwen Wu, Yixiong Lu, Qian Lu, Zhuoqi Liang
Summary: The sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) in January 2021 occurred under the tropical westerly quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) and weak convection over tropical Pacific, making the predictability more challenging.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Yongjie Fang, Tongwen Wu, Aixue Hu, Min Chu
Summary: This article describes a modified thermodynamic sea ice model suitable for large-scale climate simulations. With several improvements in the vertical thermodynamics, such as increased number of ice layers, inclusion of snow heat capacity, implementation of vertically varying salinity profile, and introduction of temperature-and salinity-dependent heat conductivity parameterization scheme, the modified model shows improved sea ice simulation.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Jian Rao, Chaim I. I. Garfinkel, Tongwen Wu, Jing-Jia Luo, Yixiong Lu, Min Chu, Qian Lu
Summary: The prediction of regional precipitation anomalies in East Asia is more difficult for seasonal forecasting models than for the large-scale drivers of these anomalies. These large-scale drivers include sea surface temperature anomalies and conditions in the polar stratosphere. A maximum covariance analysis is used to identify the patterns of sea surface temperature and stratospheric circulation that are most associated with abnormal precipitation in East Asia, and these patterns are used to correct seasonal forecasts. The correction of seasonal forecasts using the observed linkage between stratosphere-tropical ocean modes and East Asian rainfall improves the nonuniform predictability of rainfall in East Asia.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Jie Zhang, Tongwen Wu, Laurent Li, Kalli Furtado, Xiaoge Xin, Chengjun Xie, Mengzhe Zheng, He Zhao, Yumeng Zhou
Summary: This study introduces a method of constructing a constrained multi-model ensemble to improve the reliability of near-land-surface air temperature projections. The results show that the constrained ensemble reduces the global-scale temperature change by less than 0.05℃/century compared to the raw ensemble. However, the regional results exhibit a wider range of adjustments, indicating the importance of considering regional impacts. Overall, the constrained ensemble improves the reliability of temperature projections.
NPJ CLIMATE AND ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Aixue Hu, Gerald A. Meehl, Ayako Abe-Ouchi, Weiqing Han, Bette Otto-Bliesner, Feng He, Tongwen Wu, Nan Rosenbloom, Warren G. Strand, James Edwards
Summary: The stability of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation depends on both the background climate and the type of primary external forcing. The collapse of this circulation can be triggered by freshwater or greenhouse gas forcing under present or future conditions, but only by freshwater forcing under glacial conditions. The status of the Bering Strait is directly related to the presence of hysteresis in this circulation, regardless of background climate conditions.
COMMUNICATIONS EARTH & ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Peter Hitchcock, Amy Butler, Andrew Charlton-Perez, Chaim Garfinkel, Tim Stockdale, James Anstey, Dann Mitchell, Daniela I. Domeisen, Tongwen Wu, Yixiong Lu, Daniele Mastrangelo, Piero Malguzzi, Hai Lin, Ryan Muncaster, Bill Merryfield, Michael Sigmond, Baoqiang Xiang, Liwei Jia, Yu-Kyung Hyun, Jiyoung Oh, Damien Specq, Isla R. Simpson, Jadwiga H. Richter, Cory Barton, Jeff Knight, Eun-Pa Lim, Harry Hendon
Summary: This paper introduces the SNAPSI project, which aims to study the impacts of polar stratospheric vortex disturbances on surface predictability through comparing multiple models. By conducting experiments, this project aims to address four main scientific goals, thus improving the understanding of stratospheric variability and tropospheric coupling.
GEOSCIENTIFIC MODEL DEVELOPMENT
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Henry Bowman, Steven Turnock, Susanne E. Bauer, Kostas Tsigaridis, Makoto Deushi, Naga Oshima, Fiona M. O'Connor, Larry Horowitz, Tongwen Wu, Jie Zhang, Dagmar Kubistin, David D. Parrish
Summary: Simulations from CMIP6 Earth system models show that the seasonal cycle of baseline tropospheric ozone at northern midlatitudes has been shifting since the mid-20th century. This shift is related to changes in anthropogenic emissions and the rise and fall of ozone precursor concentrations.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jie Zhang, Kalli Furtado, Steven T. Turnock, Jane P. Mulcahy, Laura J. Wilcox, Ben B. Booth, David Sexton, Tongwen Wu, Fang Zhang, Qianxia Liu
Summary: The Earth system models in CMIP6 show excessive cooling in surface air temperature between 1960 and 1990, particularly over the Northern Hemisphere midlatitudes, due to higher aerosol burden in the models. Despite similar aerosol forcing sensitivity between models, the relative contributions of aerosol-radiation interactions (ARIs) and aerosol-cloud interactions (ACIs) can differ substantially, with ACI being the main source of sensitivity differences among ESMs. The ACI, which can be further divided into cloud-amount and cloud-albedo terms, accounts for most of the inter-model differences.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Yixiong Lu, Tongwen Wu, Yubin Li, Ben Yang
Summary: The study significantly improved the spurious double ITCZ problem in CGCMs by enhancing parameterizations of boundary-layer turbulence and shallow convection. Results showed a reduction in simulated precipitation and a closer alignment of the tropical precipitation asymmetry index with observations.
GEOSCIENTIFIC MODEL DEVELOPMENT
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
David D. Parrish, Richard G. Derwent, Steven T. Turnock, Fiona M. O'Connor, Johannes Staehelin, Susanne E. Bauer, Makoto Deushi, Naga Oshima, Kostas Tsigaridis, Tongwen Wu, Jie Zhang
Summary: Our understanding of natural tropospheric ozone concentrations has been limited by the lack of reliable measurements before the 1980s. Observations suggest that ozone concentrations in the Northern Hemisphere have been increasing at a faster rate than in the Southern Hemisphere, primarily due to anthropogenic emissions of ozone precursors. Earth system model simulations also indicate a similar trend, but uncertainties in the models may lead to disagreements with observational data.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Xiao Lu, Lin Zhang, Tongwen Wu, Michael S. Long, Jun Wang, Daniel J. Jacob, Fang Zhang, Jie Zhang, Sebastian D. Eastham, Lu Hu, Lei Zhu, Xiong Liu, Min Wei
GEOSCIENTIFIC MODEL DEVELOPMENT
(2020)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Robert J. Allen, Steven Turnock, Pierre Nabat, David Neubauer, Ulrike Lohmann, Dirk Olivie, Naga Oshima, Martine Michou, Tongwen Wu, Jie Zhang, Toshihiko Takemura, Michael Schulz, Kostas Tsigaridis, Susanne E. Bauer, Louisa Emmons, Larry Horowitz, Vaishali Naik, Twan van Noije, Tommi Bergman, Jean-Francois Lamarque, Prodromos Zanis, Ina Tegen, Daniel M. Westervelt, Philippe Le Sager, Peter Good, Sungbo Shim, Fiona O'Connor, Dimitris Akritidis, Aristeidis K. Georgoulias, Makoto Deushi, Lori T. Sentman, Jasmin G. John, Shinichiro Fujimori, William J. Collins
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2020)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Tongwen Wu, Rucong Yu, Yixiong Lu, Weihua Jie, Yongjie Fang, Jie Zhang, Li Zhang, Xiaoge Xin, Laurent Li, Zaizhi Wang, Yiming Liu, Fang Zhang, Fanghua Wu, Min Chu, Jianglong Li, Weiping Li, Yanwu Zhang, Xueli Shi, Wenyan Zhou, Junchen Yao, Xiangwen Liu, He Zhao, Jinghui Yan, Min Wei, Wei Xue, Anning Huang, Yaocun Zhang, Yu Zhang, Qi Shu, Aixue Hu
Summary: BCC-CSM2-HR is a high-resolution version of the Beijing Climate Center (BCC) Climate System Model, which shows good performance in simulating historical climate changes, global energy balance, atmospheric temperature, precipitation, land, and sea surface temperature.
GEOSCIENTIFIC MODEL DEVELOPMENT
(2021)