Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Myungsuk Kim, Md Nazmul Huda, Brian J. Bennett
Summary: The role of gut microbiota in human health, particularly in cardiovascular diseases, has been recognized. Several potential mechanisms, including gut permeability and endotoxemia, increased immune system activation, and microbial derived metabolites, have been proposed to explain the associations between gut microbiota and cardiovascular diseases. Understanding the mode of action of the gut microbiota in disease susceptibility and severity is crucial. Additionally, the intersection of metabolomics and microbiota research may provide novel targets to reduce disease susceptibility.
CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Stella Trompet, Iris Postmus, Helen R. Warren, Raymond Noordam, Roelof A. J. Smit, Elizabeth Theusch, Xiaohui Li, Benoit Arsenault, Daniel I. Chasman, Graham A. Hitman, Patricia B. Munroe, Jerome I. Rotter, Bruce M. Psaty, Mark J. Caulfield, Ron M. Krauss, Adrienne L. Cupples, Wouter J. Jukema
Summary: The pharmacogenetic effect of genetic variation on cardiovascular disease risk reduction in response to statin treatment was investigated through a genome-wide association study (GWAS). The results showed that genetic variation did not significantly affect the response of statins on cardiovascular risk reduction. This suggests that genetic testing for predicting the effects of statins on clinical events may not be a useful tool in clinical practice.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Andrey Sivkov, Natalya Chernus, Roman Gorenkov, Sergey Sivkov, Svetlana Sivkova, Tamara Savina
Summary: The study revealed that Rosuvastatin had a better lipid-lowering effect, while patients with the SLCO1B1 521CC genotype were more likely to experience a decrease in the lipid-lowering effect of statins. MDR1 polymorphism had no significant effect on statin efficacy.
LIPIDS IN HEALTH AND DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Rheumatology
Yuichi Saito, Atsushi Tanaka, Yuji Koide, Hisako Yoshida, Daigaku Uchida, Kazuo Matsunaga, Naoto Yokota, Chikara Ueyama, Yoshio Kobayashi, Koichi Node
Summary: XO inhibition with febuxostat is associated with reduced visit-to-visit blood pressure variability as well as reduced pulse rate variability in patients with hyperuricemia and carotid plaques.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Mascha Koenen, Michael A. Hill, Paul Cohen, James R. Sowers
Summary: Cardiovascular diseases, as the leading cause of death worldwide, are strongly associated with overweight and obesity, which contribute to vascular dysfunction and cardiovascular diseases. The abnormal remodeling of specific adipose tissue depots during obesity plays a critical role in the development of hypertension, endothelial dysfunction, and vascular stiffness, with fat distribution being a key determinant of the risk for cardiovascular diseases.
CIRCULATION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Muhammad B. Khan, Rebecca Scherzer, Cora E. Lewis, Rakesh Malhotra, Joachim H. Ix, Michael G. Shlipak, Orlando M. Gutierrez
Summary: This study examined the associations between urine biomarkers and incident hypertension in young adults, and found that higher levels of urine EGF were associated with a lower risk of developing hypertension and lower increases in blood pressure over a 10-year period.
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Sukainah Al Khalaf, Lucy C. C. Chappell, Ali S. S. Khashan, Fergus P. P. McCarthy, Eilis J. O'Reilly
Summary: There is a strong association between chronic hypertension and the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in mothers, especially those with adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs). This risk can lead to premature CVD, thus intervention programs targeting these high-risk groups might reduce their risk of subsequent CVD.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Luigi Nibali, Abish S. Stephen, Robert P. Allaker, Antonino Di Pino, Valentina Terranova, Marcella Pisano, Salvatore Di Marca, Viviana Ferrara, Roberto Scicali, Francesco Purrello, Nikolaos Donos, Matteo Regolo, Lorenzo Malatino
Summary: Host genetic variants may influence the oral microbiome and play a role in the link between periodontitis and systemic diseases. This study investigated the associations between host genetic variants and subgingival microbiota in patients with metabolic syndrome. Specific SNPs within certain genes were found to be associated with microbial diversity, but no genome-wide associations were detected for periodontitis severity or metabolic syndrome components. Severe periodontitis was associated with pathogenic bacteria. Some SNPs were correlated with specific bacterial genera and taxa. This suggests that host genotypes may contribute to dysregulated immune responses in periodontitis and further interact with the oral microbiome.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Ruijun Xu, Qi Tian, Jing Wei, Yunshao Ye, Yingxin Li, Qiaoxuan Lin, Yaqi Wang, Likun Liu, Chunxiang Shi, Wenhao Xia, Yuewei Liu
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the acute effects of ambient air pollution on hospital readmissions for heart failure (HF) among post-discharge patients with hypertension. The results showed that short-term exposure to ambient NO2 was significantly associated with an increased odds of HF readmissions among hypertensive patients.
JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY AND COMMUNITY HEALTH
(2022)
Review
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Elaine M. Urbina, Stephen R. Daniels, Alan R. Sinaiko
Summary: The association between hypertension and cardiovascular morbidity and death is well-known, and some have interpreted the diagnosis of high blood pressure in children as early cardiovascular disease. This review aims to discuss historical data and new research on the relationship between elevated blood pressure and early preclinical and later adult cardiovascular disease. By addressing the knowledge gaps around pediatric hypertension and its role in preventing adult cardiovascular disease, further research may be stimulated.
Review
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Emma F. Magavern, Helen R. Warren, Fu L. Ng, Claudia P. Cabrera, Patricia B. Munroe, Mark J. Caulfield
Summary: At the dawn of the new decade, a wealth of knowledge about polygenic risk for essential hypertension has been supplied by genome-wide association studies. Future innovations may translate this knowledge into clinical benefits, offering opportunities for understanding and treating polygenic hypertension using big data.
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Boyang Xiang, Yujia Zhou, Xiaoguang Wu, Xiang Zhou
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the long-term benefits of physical activity for individuals with hypertension. The findings suggested that moderate-intensity physical activity was associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality. However, higher intensities of physical activity did not provide additional benefits.
Review
Peripheral Vascular Disease
David L. Mattson, John Henry Dasinger, Justine M. Abais-Battad
Summary: Salt-sensitive hypertension in patients with high blood pressure is associated with higher morbidity, mortality, and renal damage compared to those with normal blood pressure or salt-resistant hypertension. Dietary components other than salt play a role in modulating hypertension, and immunity and inflammation are key factors that amplify the development of salt-sensitive hypertension.
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Tali Elfassy, Charles A. German, Paul Muntner, Eunhee Choi, Gabriel Contreras, Daichi Shimbo, Eugene Yang
Summary: This study found that the association between blood pressure and cardiovascular disease mortality is sex-specific, with women having a higher risk of cardiovascular disease mortality at lower levels of systolic blood pressure compared to men.
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Keisuke Narita, Satoshi Hoshide, Kazuomi Kario
Summary: This study analyzed the association between home and ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and cardiovascular risk in hypertensive outpatients, and found that both home blood pressure and ambulatory blood pressure were independently associated with cardiovascular risk. Home blood pressure had a modest superiority to predict cardiovascular prognosis compared to ambulatory blood pressure.
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Mohamed Nabil Elshafei, Mouhand F. H. Mohamed, Ahmed El-Bardissy, Mohamed Badie Ahmed, Ibtihal Abdallah, Hazem Elewa, Mohammed Danjuma
Summary: Direct oral anticoagulant agents are found to be non-inferior to warfarin in terms of efficacy and safety in the treatment of acute venous thromboembolism in morbidly obese patients, resolving the uncertainty surrounding the use of these agents in this patient population.
JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND THROMBOLYSIS
(2021)
Letter
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Mouhand F. H. Mohamed, Hazem Elewa, Mahmood Mubasher, Mohammed Danjuma
JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND THROMBOLYSIS
(2021)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Islam Eljilany, Mohamed Elarref, Nabil Shallik, Abdel-Naser Elzouki, AbdulMoqeeth Mohammed, Bassam Shoman, Sami Ibrahim, Cornelia Carr, Daoud Al-Badriyeh, Larisa H. Cavallari, Hazem Elewa
Summary: The study conducted in Qatar showed that anticoagulant bridging is commonly used in warfarin-treated patients, despite being associated with increased bleeding events. However, there was no statistical difference in clinical events between bridging and non-bridging strategies.
CURRENT PROBLEMS IN CARDIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Islam Eljilany, Mohamed Elarref, Nabil Shallik, Abdel-Naser Elzouki, Loulia Bader, Ahmed El-Bardissy, Osama Abdelsamad, Daoud Al-Badriyeh, Larisa H. Cavallari, Hazem Elewa
Summary: The study found that patients with genetic variants in CYP2C9 and VKORC1 required lower maintenance doses of warfarin. Factors influencing the rate of INR decline included ciprofloxacin, antiplatelet medications, and the INR index. Additionally, predictors of achieving INR normalization (<1.2) on the day of surgery included heparin bridging, INR target, and Sudanese nationality.
PHARMACOGENOMICS & PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Nihal El Rouby, Mohamed H. Shahin, Loulia Bader, Sherief I. Khalifa, Hazem Elewa
Summary: This study is the first genomewide association study in the MENA region to identify genetic variants associated with warfarin dose variability. The results confirm the importance of VKORC1 and CYP2C9 variants in warfarin dose variability among patients from the MENA region.
CTS-CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Islam Eljilany, Hazem Elewa, Daoud Al-Badriyeh
Summary: The study assessed the economic benefit of using a pharmacogenetic-guided approach in preoperative warfarin management. The results showed that this approach is cost-beneficial, reducing medical costs and procedure cancellation rate.
CURRENT PROBLEMS IN CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Alok A. Khorana, Nigel Mackman, Anna Falanga, Ingrid Pabinger, Simon Noble, Walter Ageno, Florian Moik, Agnes Y. Y. Lee
Summary: The association between cancer and increased coagulability leads to an elevated risk of venous thromboembolism, which is a severe complication for cancer patients and can result in poorer survival rates. Various cancer-specific mechanisms of thrombosis have been identified, and diagnosis requires clinical assessment and objective testing. Anticoagulant therapy is the cornerstone of treatment, and personalized treatment is important for improving quality of life.
NATURE REVIEWS DISEASE PRIMERS
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Zainab Omer Ali, Loulia Bader, Shaaban Mohammed, Salaheddin Arafa, Abdulrahman Arabi, Larisa Cavallari, Taimour Langaee, Fatima Mraiche, Nasser Rizk, Ahmed Awaisu, Mohamed H. Shahin, Hazem Elewa
Summary: The study demonstrated a significant association between the CYP2C19*17 allele and increased risk of bleeding, while CYP2C19*2 or *3 were associated with MACE outcomes.
PHARMACOGENETICS AND GENOMICS
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Amr Mohamed Fahmi, Hazem Elewa, Islam El Jilany
Summary: This review discusses the different dosing strategies for warfarin initiation, with a focus on genotype-guided dosing and the recent evidence for and against its use. The use of genetic dosing for warfarin initiation has shown potential for better outcomes, but its clinical and economic benefits are still controversial.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACY
(2022)
Article
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Aisha Osman, Daoud Al-Badriyeh, Farhat Naz Hussain, Sadaf Riaz, Hazem Elewa, Fatima Mraiche
Summary: The course successfully enhanced students' scientific writing, peer assessment, and critical appraisal skills. Students felt that their writing skills were improved and that the course strengthened their critical and analytical abilities.
CURRENTS IN PHARMACY TEACHING AND LEARNING
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Nancy Zaghloul, Ahmed Awaisu, Ahmed Mahfouz, Sumaya Alyafei, Hazem Elewa
Summary: This study investigated the utilization trends of SGLT2is compared to other oral antidiabetic drugs in Qatar from 2016 to 2020. The results showed an increasing trend in SGLT2is prescriptions and a decline in sulfonylureas prescriptions. The use of metformin also decreased over the years. Among SGLT2is, there was a preference for empagliflozin over dapagliflozin.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACY
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Muhammad Salem, Ahmed El-Bardissy, Mohamed Nabil Elshafei, Ahmed Khalil, Hesham Mahmoud, Amr Mohamed Fahmi, Mohamed Kasem, Loulia Bader, Mohamed Sherbash, Mostafa Ibrahim Elawady, Walaa Abdalazim, Faraj Howady, Hazem Elewa
Summary: Warfarin is metabolized by the enzyme CYP2C9. Concomitant use with the inducer rifampin requires monitoring and dosage adjustments. Patients carrying warfarin-sensitizing CYP2C9/VKORC1 alleles have better response to warfarin, requiring lower doses with higher anticoagulation quality when receiving rifampin.
CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Nabil E. Omar, Hazem Elewa
Summary: With the lack of effective pharmacological agents against cisplatin-induced ototoxicity (CIO), researchers are exploring different strategies, such as pharmacogenomic implementation, to identify high-risk genetic variants and personalize cisplatin therapy for better survival outcomes and reduced risk of ototoxicity.
PHARMACOGENETICS AND GENOMICS
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Shimaa Aboelbaha, Monica Zolezzi, Hazem Elewa
Summary: This study aimed to summarize and assess the evidence supporting the utility of pharmacogenetic (PGX) tests in depression, especially in the Middle East/North Africa (MENA) region. Weak evidence was found on the efficacy of PGX testing, with newer studies showing promise in gene-drug interactions. Further research is needed to evaluate the impact of PGX testing on safety outcomes.
NEUROPSYCHIATRIC DISEASE AND TREATMENT
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Eman N. Alhmoud, Osama Badry Abd El Samad, Hazem Elewa, Ola Alkhozondar, Ezeldin Soaly, Rasha El Anany
Summary: The transition from clinic-based anticoagulation management services to drive-up and phone-based services during the COVID-19 pandemic in Qatar showed no significant impact on patients' treatment outcomes. Patients were highly satisfied with the new services provided.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CLINICAL PHARMACY
(2021)
