Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Anuradha Kalyanasundaram, Ning Li, Ralph S. Augostini, Raul Weiss, John D. Hummel, Vadim V. Fedorov
Summary: This article introduces the anatomy, activation mechanism, and arrhythmias related to the sinoatrial node (SAN). The complex structure and conduction mechanism of the SAN pose challenges in clinical mapping and ablation procedures, and incorrect diagnosis and treatment may lead to poor outcomes. The aim of the article is to provide a state-of-the-art overview of the 3D structure, function, and treatment approaches of SAN and atrial arrhythmias to improve diagnosis and mechanistic treatment.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Rohit K. Kharbanda, Fons J. Wesselius, Mathijs S. van Schie, Yannick J. H. J. Taverne, Ad J. J. C. Bogers, Natasja M. S. de Groot
Summary: "The study found three distinct activation patterns of the SAN, indicating the complex geometry of the SAN and individual differences in SAN exit pathways. SAN activity occurred more caudally in patients with a history of atrial fibrillation, suggesting changes in preferential SAN exit pathways."
JACC-CLINICAL ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Takuro Nishimura, Gaurav A. Upadhyay, Zaid A. Aziz, Andrew D. Beaser, Dalise Y. Shatz, Hemal M. Nayak, Roderick Tung
Summary: By analyzing high-resolution mapping of human ventricular tachycardias, it was found that outer loop conduction velocity, rather than isthmus size, is the primary determinant of tachycardia rate. There were no significant differences in circuit dimensions between different types of VT, and long, continuous electrograms were predictive of VT termination.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Ruhong Jiang, Takuro Nishimura, Andrew D. Beaser, Zaid A. Aziz, Gaurav A. Upadhyay, Dalise Y. Shatz, Hemal M. Nayak, Hongtao Liao, Xianzhang Zhan, Fa Po Chung, Yumei Xue, Shulin Wu, Roderick Tung
Summary: This study delineated reentrant ventricular tachycardia (VT) circuits in arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) using simultaneous epicardial and endocardial mapping (SEEM), and found a consistent predominance of epicardial participation in most circuits.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Peter Hanna, Michael J. Dacey, Jaclyn Brennan, Alison Moss, Shaina Robbins, Sirisha Achanta, Natalia P. Biscola, Mohammed A. Swid, Pradeep S. Rajendran, Shumpei Mori, Joseph E. Hadaya, Elizabeth H. Smith, Stanley G. Peirce, Jin Chen, Leif A. Havton, Zixi (Jack) Cheng, Rajanikanth Vadigepalli, James Schwaber, Robert L. Lux, Igor Efimov, John D. Tompkins, Donald B. Hoover, Jeffrey L. Ardell, Kalyanam Shivkumar
Summary: This study provides an in-depth examination of the innervation of the sinoatrial node by the right atrial ganglionated plexus in porcine and human hearts. It demonstrates the significant phenotypic diversity of neurons in the ganglionated plexus and their role in modulating cardiac function. The findings suggest that intrinsic cardiac neurons play a crucial role in controlling specific regions of the heart and could pave the way for targeted therapies in the future.
CIRCULATION RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Elad Anter
Summary: The fundamental hypothesis of substrate mapping for scar-mediated ventricular tachycardia is that surrogates of the isthmus can be identified and targeted with ablation during sinus rhythm, but current strategies targeting these surrogates have limitations that high-resolution mapping technologies could potentially address. By using multielectrode mapping catheters and improving electrogram annotation methods, the accuracy of substrate mapping may be enhanced, ultimately leading to improved clinical outcomes in ablation procedures for ventricular tachycardia.
JACC-CLINICAL ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Masayuki Hattori, Yuki Komatsu, Qasim J. Naeemah, Yuichi Hanaki, Noboru Ichihara, Chihiro Ota, Takeshi Machino, Kenji Kuroki, Hiro Yamasaki, Miyako Igarashi, Kazutaka Aonuma, Akihiko Nogami, Masaki Ieda
Summary: The presence of rotational activation pattern (RAP) in maps during sinus rhythm is associated with the critical location of ventricular tachycardia (VT). RAP corresponds to areas of slow conduction during sinus rhythm and facilitates targeting specific areas for reentry.
CIRCULATION-ARRHYTHMIA AND ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Takashi Nitta, Shun-ichiro Sakamoto, Hiroshige Murata, Kenji Suzuki, Naoki Yamada, Yuki Iwasaki, Yosuke Ishii
Summary: Left ventricular summit VT, originating from the most superior region of the left ventricle, surrounded by major coronary arteries and veins, is frequently refractory to traditional therapies and requires alternative treatment methods.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CARDIO-THORACIC SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Yuichi Hanaki, Yuki Komatsu, Akihiko Nogami, Shinya Kowase, Kenji Kurosaki, Yukio Sekiguchi, Kazutaka Aonuma, Masaki Ieda
Summary: This study evaluated pace-mapping to identify the ventricular tachycardia (VT) isthmus in patients with ischemic and non-ischemic cardiomyopathy. The study found that in ischemic cardiomyopathy, there was more frequently an abrupt change in the pacemap score on the endocardium, while in non-ischemic cardiomyopathy, this change was more commonly observed on the epicardium. Additionally, even in cases where there was no abrupt change in both the endocardium and epicardium, there was still correlation with the entrance or exit of the VT isthmus.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Xinguang Chen, Yao Lu, Yanmin Liu, Qiushi Chen, Hongwu Chen, Weizhu Ju, Gang Yang, Yeqian Zhu, Pengcheng Zhao, Jian Zhang, Yangming Mao, Xiaoling Su, Fengxiang Zhang, Minglong Chen
Summary: This study compared the electroanatomical characteristics between atrial fibrillation (AF) and non-AF patients, and found that the majority of patients with AF had the earliest atrial activation (EAA) site located in the superior vena cava (SVC), especially in patients with persistent AF (PsAF).
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Haojie Li, Jianyu Qu, Yitong Yu, Heng Zhang, Chenfei Rao, Sheng Liu, Lihui Zheng, Bin Lu, Zhe Zheng
Summary: This study aimed to clarify the incidence of SANa injury in thoracoscopic epicardial surgical ablation for AF and its impact on postoperative outcomes. The results showed that SANa injury was not associated with lower sinus rhythm maintenance and no sinus node dysfunction was confirmed in patients with SANa injury after the procedure.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CARDIO-THORACIC SURGERY
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Rani Kronenberger, Luigi Pannone, Carlo de Asmundis, Mark La Meir
Summary: A 57-year-old patient with a history of aortic and mitral mechanical valve replacement presented with recurrent shocks and pacing therapies from an implantable cardioverter device due to ventricular tachycardia (VT). The VT was found to originate from an antero-lateral peri-mitral basal exit, which could not be accessed percutaneously, leading to the need for epicardial VT ablation. The successful treatment involved cryoablation via median sternotomy under cardiopulmonary bypass for both the clinical VT and a second VT originating from the left ventricular apex.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CARDIO-THORACIC SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Dandan Liang, Zhigang Xue, Jinfeng Xue, Duanyang Xie, Ke Xiong, Huixing Zhou, Fulei Zhang, Xuling Su, Guanghua Wang, Qicheng Zou, Yi Liu, Jian Yang, Honghui Ma, Luying Peng, Chunyu Zeng, Gang Li, Li Wang, Yi-Han Chen
Summary: Researchers found that activation of the heart originates in the sinoatrial node, where pacemaker cells exhibit properties similar to glutamatergic neurons. By comparing transcriptomes, similarities between pacemaker cells and cortical neurons suggest that the glutamatergic neurotransmitter system may play a role in regulating heart rhythms.
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
James L. Cox, S. Chris Malaisrie, Andrei Churyla, Chris Mehta, Jane Kruse, Olga N. Kislitsina, Patrick M. McCarthy
Summary: Cryosurgery has been used for treating cardiac arrhythmias for decades, but the mechanisms and techniques for producing optimal cryolesions in atrial fibrillation treatment are still not well understood. The creation of effective cryolesions depends on factors such as cryoprobe temperature, target myocardium temperature, duration of cryothermia application, and the presence of a heat or cooling sink. Cryothermia kills myocardial cells during both freezing and thawing phases, with a critical lethal temperature of -30°C for myocardium.
ANNALS OF THORACIC SURGERY
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Cristiano de Oliveira Dietrich, Lucas de Oliveira Hollanda, Claudio Cirenza, Angelo Amato Vincenzo de Paola
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of VT catheter ablation guided by late potentials (LPs) in patients with chronic chagasic cardiomyopathy (CCC). The results showed that endo-epicardial LP mapping allows for the identification of putative isthmuses of different VTs and effective catheter ablation in patients with CCC and drug-refractory VTs.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Adriana Luk, Robert J. Cusimano, Jagdish Butany
ANNALS OF THORACIC SURGERY
(2015)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Garry R. Thomas, Michael A. McDonald, Jennifer Day, Heather J. Ross, Diego H. Delgado, Filio Billia, Jagdish W. Butany, Vivek Rao, Eitan Amir, Philippe L. Bedard, Paaladinesh Thavendiranathan
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2016)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Marc K. Halushka, Annalisa Angelini, Giovanni Bartoloni, Cristina Basso, Lubov Batoroeva, Patrick Bruneval, L. Maximilian Buja, Jagdish Butany, Giulia d'Amati, John T. Fallon, Patrick J. Gallagher, Adriana C. Gittenberger-de Groot, Rosa H. Gouveia, Ivana Kholova, Karen L. Kelly, Ornella Leone, Silvio H. Litovsky, Joseph J. Maleszewski, Dylan V. Miller, Richard N. Mitchell, Stephen D. Preston, Angela Pucci, Stanley J. Radio, E. Rene Rodriguez, Mary N. Sheppard, James R. Stone, S. Kim Suvarna, Carmela D. Tan, Gaetano Thiene, John P. Veinot, Allard C. van der Wal
CARDIOVASCULAR PATHOLOGY
(2016)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Bobby Yanagawa, Jagdish Butany, Subodh Verma
CURRENT OPINION IN CARDIOLOGY
(2016)
Letter
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Apostolos Roubelakis, Catherine Streutker, Jagdish Butany, Daniel Bonneau
HELLENIC JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2016)
Letter
Rheumatology
Konstantinos Tselios, Dafna D. Gladman, Paula Harvey, Susanna Mak, Morel Chantal, Jagdish Butany, Murray B. Urowitz
JCR-JOURNAL OF CLINICAL RHEUMATOLOGY
(2016)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Jie Wu, Hui-Fang Song, Shu-Hong Li, Jian Guo, Katherine Tsang, Laura Tumiati, Jagdish Butany, Terrence M. Yau, Maral Ouzounian, Songbin Fu, Tirone E. David, Richard D. Weisel, Ren-Ke Li
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY
(2016)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Kate Hanneman, Elsie T. Nguyen, Paaladinesh Thavendiranathan, Richard Ward, Andreas Greiser, Marie-Pierre Jolly, Jagdish Butany, Issac Y. Yang, Marshall S. Sussman, Bernd J. Wintersperger
Review
Orthopedics
M. G. Zywiel, J. J. Cherian, S. Banerjee, A. C. Cheung, F. Wong, J. Butany, C. Gilbert, C. Overgaard, K. Syed, J. J. Jacobs, M. A. Mont
BONE & JOINT JOURNAL
(2016)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Rodolfo V. Rocha, Jagdish Butany, Robert J. Cusimano
JOURNAL OF CARDIAC SURGERY
(2018)
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Maral Ouzounian, Jagdish Butany, Tirone E. David
JOURNAL OF THORACIC AND CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY
(2018)
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Sandra Fiset, Jagdish Butany, Douglas J. Ing, Robert J. Cusimano, Elsie T. Nguyen
CIRCULATION-CARDIOVASCULAR IMAGING
(2018)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Omalkhaire M. Alshaikh, Ju- Yoon, Bryan A. Chan, Monika K. Krzyzanowska, Jagdish Butany, Sylvia L. Asa, Shereen Ezzat
ENDOCRINE PATHOLOGY
(2018)
Article
Cell Biology
Shanna Stanley-Hasnain, Ludger Hauck, Daniela Grothe, Roozbeh Aschar-Sobbi, Sanja Beca, Jagdish Butany, Peter H. Backx, Tak W. Mak, Filio Billia
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Laurie L. Baggio, Bernardo Yusta, Erin E. Mulvihill, Xiemin Cao, Catherine J. Streutker, Jagdish Butany, Thomas P. Cappola, Kenneth B. Margulies, Daniel J. Drucker