Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Michael Nolde, Nayeon Ahn, Tobias Dreischulte, Evamaria Krause, Florian Guentner, Alexander Guenter, Roman Gerlach, Martin Tauscher, Ute Amann, Jakob Linseisen, Christa Meisinger, Sebastian-Edgar Baumeister, Ina-Maria Rueckert-Eheberg
Summary: This study evaluated the effect of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) monotherapy on the risk of incident cardiovascular events and cardiovascular mortality. The results indicate that there is no significant association between PPI use and the risk of cardiovascular events and cardiovascular mortality after adjusting for observational study design bias and publication bias.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Alessandro Giuliani, Stefano Fais
Summary: The crisis in drug discovery involves various epistemological and scientific aspects, and drug repurposing is one proposed solution. The microenvironment could serve as an ideal target for directing the off-target effects of known drugs.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Wence Shi, Lu Yan, Jingang Yang, Mengyue Yu
Summary: The concomitant use of PPIs with DAPT may increase the risk of adverse cardiovascular events while not affecting bleeding risks. PPIs use was associated with increased risks for all endpoints among the Caucasian population, while not increasing the risks of MACE, all-cause death, or cardiac death among the Asian population. Subgroup analysis suggests that concomitant use of PPI might be suitable for Asian patients after stent implantation.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Juntao Xie, Qingui Chen, Dejian He
Summary: This study investigated the association between pre-existing proton pump inhibitor (PPI) use before emergency department (ED) visit and short-term prognosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients. The results showed that PPI use was not associated with hospital mortality and length of ICU stay, but was associated with longer length of hospital stay and lower proportion of being admitted to ICU.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Cristian Locci, Laura Cuzzolin, Gianluca Cheri, Laura Saderi, Giovanni Sotgiu, Roberto Antonucci
Summary: This study aimed to assess the prescribing patterns and safety of ranitidine and proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) in a cohort of Italian pediatric patients. Results showed that ranitidine was the most frequently used antisecretory drug, while PPIs were mainly prescribed for gastroesophageal reflux disease and gastritis/ulcer. However, ranitidine had more adverse drug reactions, indicating the need for a safer alternative.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Editorial Material
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Eun Jeong Gong, Hye-Kyung Jung
Summary: This article is related to the papers by Gong et al. To access these articles, visit and.
ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Editorial Material
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Peter Malfertheiner, Christian Schulz, Colin W. Howden
Summary: This article is related to Gong et al papers. To view these articles, visit the website.
ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Wence Shi, Lin Ni, Jingang Yang, Xiaoxue Fan, Mei Yu, Hongmei Yang, Mengyue Yu, Yuejin Yang
Summary: Although guidelines recommend using proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) to reduce gastrointestinal bleeding in patients receiving dual antiplatelet therapy, a study on DAPT patients with low gastrointestinal bleeding risk showed that PPI use did not provide additional gastrointestinal protection and was associated with an increased risk of stroke and myocardial infarction during follow-up.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Wence Shi, Lin Ni, Jingang Yang, Xiaoxue Fan, Mei Yu, Hongmei Yang, Mengyue Yu, Yuejin Yang
Summary: The study found that GIP use is prevalent in Chinese AMI patients, but only 40% of hospitalized patients received appropriate GIP, and appropriate prophylactic therapy was associated with decreased risk of gastrointestinal bleeding during hospitalization.
CLINICAL CARDIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Elizabeth T. Jensen, Joe Yi, Wesley Jackson, Rachana Singh, Robert M. Joseph, Karl C. K. Kuban, Michael E. Msall, Lisa Washburn, Rebecca Fry, Andrew M. South, T. Michael O'Shea
Summary: Early acid suppressant use in extremely preterm infants may be associated with poorer neurodevelopmental outcomes, including decreased IQ scores, autism spectrum disorder, and epilepsy.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Xiaofeng Luo, Min Hou, Shuangshuang He, Xue Yang, Pan Zhang, Yingxin Zhao, Haiyan Xing
Summary: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to examine the efficacy and safety of the concomitant use of PPIs with aspirin-clopidogrel dual antiplatelet therapy in patients with Coronary heart disease. The results showed that the coadministration of PPIs increased the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events while reducing the risk of gastrointestinal complications. However, there was no clear evidence of an association between PPI use and net clinical adverse events, all-cause mortality, or cardiac death.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Johnmary T. Arinze, Maria A. J. de Ridder, Dina Vojinovic, Hanne van Ballegooijen, Emanuil Markov, Talita Duarte-Salles, Peter Rijnbeek, Katia M. C. Verhamme
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the impact of regulatory intervention on the use patterns of ranitidine-containing medicines and their therapeutic alternatives, and to report discernible trends in treatment discontinuation and switching to alternative medications.
Editorial Material
Oncology
Courtney M. Richman, David A. Leiman
Summary: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are commonly used for digestive diseases, but there is conflicting data on the association between PPI use and gastric cancer risk. A pooled case-control study found that short-term PPI use was associated with increased risk of gastric cancer, but long-term use did not show this association. This study provides reassurance to patients and clinicians that long-term PPI use does not significantly increase gastric cancer risk.
CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Bernard R. Chaitman, Karen P. Alexander, Derek D. Cyr, Jeffrey S. Berger, Harmony R. Reynolds, Sripal Bangalore, William E. Boden, Renato D. Lopes, Marcin Demkow, Gian Piero Perna, Robert K. Riezebos, Edward O. McFalls, Subhash Banerjee, Akshay Bagai, Gilbert Gosselin, Sean M. O'Brien, Frank W. Rockhold, David D. Waters, Kristian A. Thygesen, Gregg W. Stone, Harvey D. White, David J. Maron, Judith S. Hochman
Summary: The ISCHEMIA trial showed that an initial invasive strategy did not reduce cardiovascular events or all-cause mortality in patients with stable ischemic heart disease. Procedural MI rates were higher with the invasive strategy compared to conservative strategy, with the use of the secondary MI definition.
Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
Ahhyung Choi, Yunha Noh, So-Hee Park, Seung-Ah Choe, Ju-Young Shin
Summary: This cohort study aims to investigate whether the use of proton pump inhibitors during pregnancy is associated with the incidence of preeclampsia.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
David Merola, Ulka Campbell, Nileesa Gautam, Alexa Rubens, Sebastian Schneeweiss, Shirley V. V. Wang, Gillis Carrigan, Victoria Chia, Osayi E. E. Ovbiosa, Simone Pinheiro, Amanda Bruno, Xiaolong Jiao, Mark Stewart, Rachele Hendricks-Sturrup, Carla Rodriguez-Watson, Sajan Khosla, Yiduo Zhang, Mothaffar Rimawi, Jenny Huang, Aliki Taylor, Lauren Becnel, Lynn McRoy, Joy Eckert, Benjamin Taylor
Summary: Legislative and technological advancements have led to an increase in healthcare data known as real-world data (RWD). This data has the potential to support clinical and regulatory decision making. In oncology, RWD studies offer advantages over randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and can address research challenges. However, concerns about bias and confounding must be carefully addressed when using RWD for clinical evidence generation.
CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Richard Wyss, Joseph M. M. Plasek, Li Zhou, Lily G. G. Bessette, Sebastian Schneeweiss, Jeremy A. A. Rassen, Theodore Tsacogianis, Kueiyu Joshua Lin
Summary: Natural language processing (NLP) tools are applied to convert free-text notes (FTNs) from electronic health records (EHRs) into data features that can enhance confounding adjustment in pharmacoepidemiologic studies. In this study, unsupervised NLP was utilized to generate high-dimensional feature spaces from FTNs, improving drug exposure and outcome prediction compared to claims-based analyses. These findings have important implications for improving confounding adjustment in pharmacoepidemiologic studies using EHR data.
CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Nicolas H. Thurin, Jeremy Jove, Regis Lassalle, Magali Rouyer, Stephanie Lamarque, Pauline Bosco-Levy, Corentin Segalas, Sebastian Schneeweiss, Patrick Blin, Cecile Droz-Perroteau
Summary: This study examines how specific medical procedures may affect treatment effect estimation in propensity score-adjusted comparative studies and proposes a solution. The analysis shows that excluding the immediate pre-exposure time can reduce the risk of including potential instrumental variables and bias in the study.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Vijay R. R. Varma, Rishi J. J. Desai, Sheeja Navakkode, Lik-Wei Wong, Carlos Anerillas, Tina Loeffler, Irene Schilcher, Mufaddal Mahesri, Kristyn Chin, Daniel B. B. Horton, Seoyoung C. C. Kim, Tobias Gerhard, Jodi B. B. Segal, Sebastian Schneeweiss, Myriam Gorospe, Sreedharan Sajikumar, Madhav Thambisetty
Summary: This study suggests that hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) initiation may reduce the risk of incident AD and improve synaptic plasticity. It also demonstrates that HCQ can enhance microglial clearance of amyloid plaques, reduce neuroinflammation, and decrease tau phosphorylation. These findings support the idea that HCQ could be a promising candidate for disease-modifying AD treatment.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Dermatology
Priyanka Anand, Sebastian Schneeweiss, Arash Mostaghimi, Maria C. Schneeweiss
Summary: This cohort study aimed to investigate the utilization patterns of systemic immunomodulators in children with atopic dermatitis (AD) and how the patterns changed after the approval of dupilumab. The results showed that the use of dupilumab significantly increased among children with AD after approval, suggesting improved tolerance and outcomes.
PEDIATRIC DERMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Priyanka Anand, Sebastian Schneeweiss, Arash Mostaghimi, Maria. C. C. Schneeweiss
Summary: This study described the patterns of prescribing, switching, and discontinuing systemic AD drugs before and after the approval of dupilumab, and identified variables associated with dupilumab prescription. The results showed an increase in the use of dupilumab and a lower proportion of patients discontinuing systemic treatment in 2019-2020 compared to 2015-2016. Among patients starting dupilumab in 2020-2021, 92% had not received any other systemic treatment before.
PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY AND DRUG SAFETY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Jeremy A. Rassen, Patrick Blin, Sebastian Kloss, Romain S. Neugebauer, Robert W. Platt, Anton Pottegard, Sebastian Schneeweiss, Sengwee Toh
Summary: This article provides an overview of the high-dimensional propensity score (hdPS) method and recommendations for its planning, implementation, and reporting in longitudinal healthcare databases. A checklist is provided as a decision tool to aid researchers and decision-makers in understanding and interpreting studies using hdPS techniques.
PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY AND DRUG SAFETY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
David Merola, Jessica Young, Deborah Schrag, Kueiyu Joshua Lin, Sarah Alwardt, Sebastian Schneeweiss
Summary: This study aimed to use electronic health record data to emulate a clinical trial and compare treatment outcomes in advanced breast cancer patients. The results showed that, under the assumptions made, the non-randomized study yielded similar results to the randomized trial.
PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY AND DRUG SAFETY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Tracey G. Simon, Sebastian Schneeweiss, Daniel E. Singer, Sushama Kattinakere Sreedhara, Kueiyu Joshua Lin
Summary: Based on MarketScan data, the usage of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) has increased compared to warfarin among US patients with cirrhosis and nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF), especially in patients with decompensated cirrhosis. However, over 55% of patients still remain untreated, emphasizing the need for clearer treatment guidance.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Edouard L. Fu, Elisabetta Patorno, Brendan M. Everett, Muthiah Vaduganathan, Scott D. Solomon, Raisa Levin, Sebastian Schneeweiss, Rishi J. Desai
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the comparative effectiveness of SGLT2i vs. sitagliptin in older adults with HF and type 2 diabetes and found that initiating SGLT2i was associated with a lower risk of the primary composite outcome compared to sitagliptin.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Tracey G. Simon, Sebastian Schneeweiss, Richard Wyss, Zhigang Lu, Lily G. Bessette, Cassandra York, Kueiyu Joshua Lin
Summary: A claims-based MELD prediction model was developed to improve cirrhosis phenotyping in databases without laboratory data.
CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Mehdi Najafzadeh, Hojin Shin, Sebastian Schneeweiss, Shirley V. Wang, Scott D. Solomon, Orly Vardeny, Elisabetta Patorno
Summary: The INVESTED trial did not find evidence supporting the use of high-dose vaccine over standard-dose vaccine for preventing cardiopulmonary hospitalization or all-cause mortality among participants with recent myocardial infarction or hospitalization for heart failure. However, when the eligibility criteria were aligned more closely with a real-world evidence (RWE) study, the trial results were in concordance with the RWE study. This study highlights the importance of considering different distributions of baseline patient characteristics when comparing trial findings to RWE.
CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
HoJin Shin, Shirley V. Wang, Dae Hyun Kim, Ethan Alt, Mufaddal Mahesri, Lily G. Bessette, Sebastian Schneeweiss, Mehdi Najafzadeh
Summary: Trial results may not be applicable to real-world clinical practice. The study used outcome models developed with trial data to predict treatment effects in Medicare populations. The predicted effects can assist payers in making coverage decisions for patients, especially when observational data are limited.
CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Phyo T. Htoo, Robert J. Glynn, Shirley Wang, Julie M. Paik, Sebastian Schneeweiss, Alexander M. Walker, Elisabetta Patorno
Summary: Pre-stratification can reduce variance and bias in observational studies, emulating stratified randomization. It produces effect estimates closer to expected trial findings while relying less on modeling assumptions.
PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY AND DRUG SAFETY
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Harrison J. Hansford, Aidan G. Cashin, Matthew D. Jones, Sonja A. Swanson, Nazrul Islam, Susan R. G. Douglas, Rodrigo R. N. Rizzo, Jack J. Devonshire, Sam A. Williams, Issa J. Dahabreh, Barbra A. Dickerman, Matthias Egger, Xabier Garcia-Albeniz, Robert M. Golub, Sara Lodi, Margarita Moreno-Betancur, Sallie-Anne Pearson, Sebastian Schneeweiss, Jonathan A. C. Sterne, Melissa K. Sharp, Elizabeth A. Stuart, Miguel A. Hernan, Hopin Lee, James H. Mcauley
Summary: The reporting of observational studies that aim to emulate a target trial is inconsistent, and the development of a reporting guideline may improve the quality of reporting.