Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kamila Raziyeva, Yevgeniy Kim, Zharylkasyn Zharkinbekov, Kuat Kassymbek, Shiro Jimi, Arman Saparov
Summary: Skin wounds significantly impact the global healthcare system, with acute and chronic wounds being the two main types. The immune response is crucial for acute wound healing, but dysregulation can lead to chronic wounds characterized by persistent inflammation and delayed healing. Current research focuses on immunomodulatory therapeutic strategies to improve wound healing, targeting factors such as macrophage phenotype and inflammatory mediators.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jacob J. Weber, Lisa M. Brummett, Michelle E. Coca, Hiroko Tabunoki, Michael R. Kanost, Emily J. Ragan, Yoonseong Park, Maureen J. Gorman
Summary: The study found that transferrin-1 (Tsf1) plays a role in iron distribution and antimicrobial activity in Drosophila melanogaster, but has limited involvement in iron transport and protection against oxidative stress. Moreover, Tsf1 may function in providing iron for eggs and defending against infection.
INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Daqi Li, Jianqin Zhang, Yang Yang, Jiao Liu, Junjiao Lu, Meifeng Ren, Mureed Abbas, Kun Yan Zhu, Jianzhen Zhang
Summary: This study identified the structure and expression of 11 chitinase genes in A. ipsilon, revealing the essential roles of AiCht10 and AiIDGF in larval development. These genes could potentially serve as new targets for RNAi-based pest management.
PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Qiao Jin, Yang Wang, Haodong Yin, Haobo Jiang
Summary: Insects produce phenoloxidases (POs) to kill pathogens and produce melanin. The activation of POs requires a cofactor, and this study identifies cSPH35 and cSPH242 as essential cofactors for the activation of PPO1 in Drosophila.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lizhen Zhou, Ruijuan Wang, Zhe Lin, Suke Shi, Caihua Chen, Haobo Jiang, Zhen Zou, Zhiqiang Lu
Summary: This study reveals the functions of two serpin proteins (MmvSPN-1 and MmvSPN-2) in the humoral immune responses of the oriental armyworm and the cotton bollworm. It demonstrates that these serpins are able to inhibit host immune responses and protect wasp eggs from attacks by host antimicrobial peptides and melanization.
INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Zoology
Melanie Munoz, Nathan Lin, Rickie Lin, Brannen King, Lisa D. Brown
Summary: This study investigated the immune defense mechanisms in cat fleas and found that the antimicrobial activity of flea hemolymph increased in response to certain species of bacteria, the number of circulating hemocytes increased in response to E. coli infection, and these cells displayed strong phagocytic activity against the bacterium. The study provides significant insight into how fleas interact with bacterial pathogens and suggests that cellular and humoral immune responses cooperate to combat bacterial infections.
JOURNAL OF INVERTEBRATE PATHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qiao Jin, Yang Wang, Steven D. Hartson, Haobo Jiang
Summary: Phenoloxidase (PO) is a key component of the insect immune response against microbial infection. In the tobacco hornworm, PO is generated from its precursor proPO in the presence of prophenoloxidase activating proteases (PAPs) and noncatalytic serine protease homologs (SPHs). The expression profiles of these SPH genes vary in different tissues and developmental stages, and SPH1b and SPH101 are more readily activated by PAP3, forming a high M-r cofactor with SPH2.
INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Ioannis Eleftherianos, Christa Heryanto
Summary: Insects in nature interact with a wide variety of microbial enemies, including entomopathogenic and filarial nematodes, which are crucial for devising strategies to reduce disease transmission in humans. Transcriptomic approaches are key in identifying insect molecules with anti-nematode activity and understanding conserved pathways of anti-nematode immunity in humans.
Article
Oncology
Dilan Khalili, Martin Kunc, Sarah Herbrich, Anna M. M. Muller, Ulrich Theopold
Summary: Chitinase-like proteins (CLPs) are associated with tissue-remodeling and inflammation, but their role in tumors is not clear. In this study, using Drosophila melanogaster and molecular genetics, the researchers found that one member of CLPs, Idgf3, is transcriptionally induced in a JNK-dependent manner via a positive feedback loop mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS). Through disrupting cytoskeletal organization via enlarged endosomal vesicles (EnVs), Idgf3 promotes tumor progression. These findings provide new insights into the function of CLPs in tumors and identify potential targets for tumor control.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Arnolda Jakovija, Tatyana Chtanova
Summary: The skin, as the body's largest organ, serves as a barrier to pathogens and the first line of immune defense. In the event of skin injury, a series of events contribute to wound repair, including inflammation, tissue formation, and tissue remodeling. Immune cells in the skin work alongside non-immune cells to clear pathogens, debris, and guide tissue regeneration. Disruption to the wound repair process can lead to chronic inflammation and non-healing wounds, which can promote skin cancer development by hijacking the wound healing response.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Kang Geng, Xiumei Ma, Zongzhe Jiang, Wei Huang, Chenlin Gao, Yueli Pu, Lifang Luo, Youhua Xu, Yong Xu
Summary: Recent studies have shown that the interaction between immune and metabolic responses is crucial for maintaining tissue and organ homeostasis, playing a significant role in the development of chronic diseases. In diabetic wound healing, the abnormal activation of innate immune cells is essential in triggering and sustaining inflammation. Targeting these innate immune pathways and reprogramming immune cell phenotypes show great potential in diabetic wound therapy.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Maurizio Sabbatini, Valeria Magnelli, Filippo Reno
Summary: Neutrophils extracellular traps (NETs) have both positive effects, such as aiding wound healing, and negative effects, which can lead to tissue physiological issues in certain pathological conditions. Recent research suggests there are additional positive physiological effects of NETs that warrant further investigation.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Shengbo Li, Xuemei Wang, Zhiyao Yan, Tian Wang, Zhenbing Chen, Heng Song, Yongbin Zheng
Summary: A microneedle patch system with antimicrobial and immunomodulatory properties is developed to promote and accelerate infected wound healing. The system eradicates bacterial infections and modulates the immune microenvironment, making it a promising candidate for clinical application.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Aditya Kaul, Walker D. Short, Sundeep G. Keswani, Xinyi Wang
Summary: Hyaluronic acid plays a crucial role in wound healing by interacting with the immune system, with its molecular weight determining its immune-modulating effects on the repair process.
Article
Entomology
Ying Li, Yonghong Xu, Shunjiao Wu, Baohe Wang, Yaying Li, Yinghong Liu, Jia Wang
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of validamycin injection on the synthesis and metabolism of trehalose and chitin in the oriental fruit fly. The results showed that validamycin injection significantly affected trehalase activity and caused trehalose accumulation. It also regulated the downstream pathways of trehalose hydrolysis and affected the synthesis of chitin. These findings suggest that validamycin has potential as an insecticide for the management of the oriental fruit fly.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Irene Tiemann-Boege, Theresa Mair, Atena Yasari, Michal Zurovec
Summary: Postzygotic mosaicism (PZM) is a common biological phenomenon often overlooked as a source of disease. Lethal mutations in a mosaic state can lead to new clinical manifestations. Key questions remain unanswered, including the level of mosaicism resulting in a pathogenic phenotype and how clinical outcomes change with development and age.
Article
Biology
Peter A. Davey, Anne Marie Power, Romana Santos, Philip Bertemes, Peter Ladurner, Pawel Palmowski, Jessica Clarke, Patrick Flammang, Birgit Lengerer, Elise Hennebert, Ute Rothbacher, Robert Pjeta, Julia Wunderer, Michal Zurovec, Nick Aldred
Summary: Many aquatic invertebrates use biological adhesives to attach themselves to surfaces, and omics technologies have revolutionized the study of bioadhesion. However, challenges remain and priorities for future research have been suggested.
BIOLOGICAL REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lenka Rouhova, Barbara Kludkiewicz, Hana Sehadova, Michal Sery, Lucie Kucerova, Peter Konik, Michal Zurovec
Summary: Many lepidopteran larvae produce silk secretions for feeding tubes and cocoons. Recent research on the silk of bombycoid and pyralid moths has shown abundant silk components with remarkable mechanical properties. Analysis of cocoon proteins in Tineola bisselliella revealed fibroin, sericins, and protease inhibitors as the most abundant proteins, along with novel candidate silk components.
INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Yu-Hsien Lin, Houda Ouns Maaroufi, Lucie Kucerova, Lenka Rouhova, Tomas Filip, Michal Zurovec
Summary: The study showed that Adenosine signaling plays a role in mitigating mortality caused by mutant huntingtin protein in Drosophila, achieved by modulating Adenosine metabolic enzymes and receptors. It also demonstrated that a decrease in Adenosine signaling affects other stress responses in Drosophila.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Editorial Material
Cell Biology
Ulrich Theopold, Antonio Barragan
Summary: The study identified a TRP-like channel in Toxoplasma gondii and demonstrated its involvement in crucial processes such as parasite invasion and egress from host cells, shedding light on how parasites sense and respond to changes in the cellular environments.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Michal Rindos, Lucie Kucerova, Lenka Rouhova, Hana Sehadova, Michal Sery, Miluse Hradilova, Peter Konik, Michal Zurovec
Summary: This study revealed the differences in mechanical properties between the silk of Pseudoips prasinana and Bombyx mori, attributing it to a higher content of fibrohexamerin and fibrohexamerin-like molecules. Additionally, P. prasinana cocoons were found to contain a second, minor silk type only present at the escape valve.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
A. Dziedziech, U. Theopold
Summary: This study provides evidence for the ancient origin of pyroptosis in Drosophila melanogaster, showing that the inflammatory based programmed cell death mechanism fits the features of pyroptosis and relies on ancient apoptotic machinery.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Valeriya Zabelina, Marketa Vrchotova, Naoyuki Yonemura, Hideki Sezutsu, Toshiki Tamura, Vyacheslav Klymenko, Frantisek Sehnal, Michal Zurovec, Hana Sehadova, Ivo Sauman
Summary: The use of parthenogenetic silkworm strains is useful for maintaining transgenic clonal lines, but the efficiency of downstream transgenesis techniques is relatively low. This study aims to optimize the use of transgenesis in parthenogenetic individuals and found that the timing of embryo microinjection is a crucial parameter. The modification of the original method increased the efficiency of transgene injection and survival rate.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Kathrin Pfeifer, Georg Wolfstetter, Vimala Anthonydhason, Tafheem Masudi, Badrul Arefin, Mats Bemark, Patricia Mendoza-Garcia, Ruth H. Palmer
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between ALK mutations and neuroblastoma using a fruit fly model. The researchers found that ALK mutations enhanced Alk signaling and caused hyperplasia by regulating apoptosis levels. Using single-cell RNA sequencing, they also identified the impact of ALK mutations on temporal fate specification in neuronal lineages.
DISEASE MODELS & MECHANISMS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lenka Rouhova, Hana Sehadova, Lucie Pauchova, Miluse Hradilova, Martina Zurovcova, Michal Sery, Michal Rindos, Michal Zurovec
Summary: This study described the silk glands of P. conspersa and used multi-omics methods to obtain a complete picture of the fiber composition. The approach allows for comparing the overall composition of silk with other insect species and helps distinguish between the basic components of all silks and proteins that represent the adaptation of the fibers for specific purposes or environments.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR BIOSCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Houda Ouns Maaroufi, Lucie Pauchova, Yu-Hsien Lin, Bulah Chia-Hsiang Wu, Lenka Rouhova, Lucie Kucerova, Ligia Cota Vieira, Marek Renner, Hana Sehadova, Miluse Hradilova, Michal Zurovec
Summary: This study investigated the role of the cnt1 gene in male fertility using fruit flies. The mutants exhibited defects in copulation duration and spermatid maturation, particularly in the abnormal structure of the sperm tail. These findings highlight the importance of cnt1 in male fertility and suggest its involvement in nucleoside transport and associated metabolic pathways.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bulah Chia-hsiang Wu, Ivo Sauman, Houda Ouns Maaroufi, Anna Zaloudikova, Martina Zurovcova, Barbara Kludkiewicz, Miluse Hradilova, Michal Zurovec
Summary: In this study, the major silk proteins of two moth species were analyzed and compared, revealing differences in hydrophobicity and sericin gene encoding between the species. The study provides a foundation for future research on silk protein evolution and functional studies.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR BIOSCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Entomology
Peter Kmet, Lucie Kucerova, Hana Sehadova, Bulah Chia-hsiang Wu, Yueh-Lung Wu, Michal Zurovec
Summary: Silk produced by caterpillars consists of insoluble filamentous proteins forming a silk core and soluble coat proteins secreted by silk glands. Through the analysis of a silk gland-specific transcriptome, we identified major silk components and confirmed their homology with known silk proteins. Phylogenetic analysis revealed the evolutionary relationships among silk proteins in the Bombycoidea. Our study provides important information for the annotation and future functional studies of silk proteins.
JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
