Article
Immunology
Hannah E. Maier, Guillermina Kuan, Lionel Gresh, Gerardo Chowell, Kevin Bakker, Roger Lopez, Nery Sanchez, Brenda Lopez, Amy Schiller, Sergio Ojeda, Eva Harris, Angel Balmaseda, Aubree Gordon
Summary: This study provides important information for understanding influenza epidemiology and informing influenza vaccine policy. Infants born during influenza epidemics were protected from infection that first year. The mean effective reproduction number across years was 1.2.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Risa Bandou, Ryohei Hirose, Takaaki Nakaya, Hajime Miyazaki, Naoto Watanabe, Takuma Yoshida, Tomo Daidoji, Yoshito Itoh, Hiroshi Ikegaya
Summary: Research has shown that the H5N1 subtype of avian influenza virus has a longer survival time on human skin, is less affected by low ethanol concentration, and can develop resistance to ethanol. These findings indicate a higher risk of contact transmission with the H5N1 subtype.
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Minfei Xue, Tingting Feng, Zhiqiang Chen, Yongdong Yan, Zhengrong Chen, Jianfeng Dai
Summary: Protein acetylation is an important post-translational modification during viral infection, influencing viral replication, pathogenesis, and host antiviral responses. Improved methods for studying protein acetylation have opened up new opportunities for investigating its role in viral infection.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Virology
Patricia Kaaijk, Niels Swaans, Alina M. Nicolaie, Jacob P. Bruin, Renee A. J. van Boxtel, Marit M. A. de Lange, Adam Meijer, Elisabeth A. M. Sanders, Marianne A. van Houten, Nynke Y. Rots, Willem Luytjes, Josine van Beek
Summary: This study investigates the presence of influenza and other respiratory viruses in older adults with influenza-like illness (ILI). It found that influenza virus was the most commonly detected virus, followed by rhinovirus, seasonal coronavirus, respiratory syncytial virus, and human metapneumovirus. Coinfections of influenza virus with other viruses were rare. The study also suggests that influenza virus infection may reduce the risk of simultaneous infection with other viruses. However, viral persistence or coinfections did not affect the clinical outcome of ILI.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Siqi Lian, Jiaqi Liu, Yunping Wu, Pengpeng Xia, Guoqiang Zhu
Summary: Bacteria and viruses frequently co-infect the intestines, and one pathogen's infection can directly or indirectly affect the severity of infection by another pathogen. The presence of co-infection can lead to synergistic or antagonistic effects, which can impact the progression of the disease. This review discusses different scenarios triggered by different infection orders and summarizes the possible mechanisms of synergy or antagonism involved in co-infection.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Elsa M. Cardenas-Canales, Andres Velasco-Villa, James A. Ellison, Panayampalli S. Satheshkumar, Jorge E. Osorio, Tonie E. Rocke
Summary: This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of a viral-vectored recombinant mosaic glycoprotein rabies vaccine candidate in vampire bats with no history of rabies exposure. The results showed that vaccination with the vaccine was safe and resulted in the production of rabies neutralizing antibodies. The vaccinated bats had a high survival rate after rabies virus challenge and showed a reduced viral shedding compared to unvaccinated bats. These findings suggest that the vaccine has the potential to control vampire bat-transmitted rabies.
PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Beata Tokarz-Deptula, Joanna Palma, Lukasz Baraniecki, Michal Stosik, Roman Kolacz, Wieslaw Deptula
Summary: Platelets play a role in inflammation and infections by reacting with the endovascular environment and cells of the immune system. This role is influenced by biologically active substances present in platelet granules and EV structures.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Ellyse M. Cipolla, Molin Yue, Kara L. Nickolich, Brydie R. Huckestein, Danielle Antos, Wei Chen, John F. Alcorn
Summary: Influenza-experienced mice show increased resistance to bacterial superinfections and have altered lung environment, reducing inflammatory mechanisms and susceptibility to lung damage and subsequent bacterial colonization.
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Ashton Harper, Vineetha Vijayakumar, Arthur C. Ouwehand, Jessica ter Haar, David Obis, Jordi Espadaler, Sylvie Binda, Shrilakshmi Desiraju, Richard Day
Summary: Viral infections continue to pose significant global morbidity and mortality, with factors such as climate change, increased mobility of people and goods, and disruptions in the gastrointestinal microbiome all playing a role. Understanding the complex relationship between the microbiome, viral immunity, and host physiology is crucial for developing effective prevention and treatment strategies for viral diseases.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Dao Nguyen Vinh, Nguyen Thi Duy Nhat, Erwin de Bruin, Nguyen Ha Thao Vy, Tran Thi Nhu Thao, Huynh Thi Phuong, Pham Hong Anh, Stacy Todd, Tran Minh Quan, Nguyen Thi Le Thanh, Nguyen Thi Nam Lien, Nguyen Thi Hong Ha, Tran Thi Kim Hong, Pham Quang Thai, Marc Choisy, Tran Dang Nguyen, Cameron P. Simmons, Guy E. Thwaites, Hannah E. Clapham, Nguyen Van Vinh Chau, Marion Koopmans, Maciej F. Boni
Summary: The study used principal components analysis to analyze influenza data from Vietnam, establishing the relationship between antibody profiles and age, and estimating annual attack rates for different influenza subtypes. The findings suggest that dimensionality reduction can be used to construct the age-seroprevalence relationship for antigenically variable pathogens.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yao Fan, Xiang Li, Lei Zhang, Zhi Zong, Fangwei Wang, Jun Huang, Linghui Zeng, Chong Zhang, Haiyan Yan, Long Zhang, Fangfang Zhou
Summary: SUMOylation, a post-translational modification, plays a crucial role in regulating viral protein function and host antiviral immune response. The review summarizes the regulatory mechanisms of SUMOylation in viral replication and infection, and discusses its potential therapeutic applications in virus-induced diseases.
Article
Microbiology
Valerie Le Sage, Jennifer E. Jones, Karen A. Kormuth, William J. Fitzsimmons, Eric Nturibi, Gabriella H. Padovani, Claudia P. Arevalo, Andrea J. French, Annika J. Avery, Richard Manivanh, Elizabeth E. McGrady, Amar R. Bhagwat, Adam S. Lauring, Scott E. Hensley, Seema S. Lakdawala
Summary: Previous immunity can impact susceptibility to airborne transmission of heterologous influenza virus strains, providing protection that is independent of cross-neutralizing antibodies. This phenomenon is likely driven by adaptive immune responses, suggesting an important barrier to airborne transmission and potential influence on the emergence and spread of pandemic viruses.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Aurelien Marc, Romain Marlin, Flora Donati, Melanie Prague, Marion Kerioui, Cecile Herate, Marie Alexandre, Nathalie Dereuddre-bosquet, Julie Bertrand, Vanessa Contreras, Sylvie Behillil, Pauline Maisonnasse, Sylvie van der Werf, Roger Le Grand, Jeremie Guedj
Summary: By analyzing data from 78 non-human primates infected by different Variants of Concern (VoC), the researchers found that Omicron and Delta variants were associated with a longer and larger excretion of infectious particles, attributed to their enhanced capability to escape the immune response. While the Delta variant had a higher peak viral load, the Omicron variant did not show a similar effect. This suggests that the increased transmissibility of the Omicron variant is not due to higher viral load levels, but rather its ability to maintain high levels of infectious particles over time. These results highlight the importance of quantifying viral load and infectiousness to better understand the differences observed in the transmission patterns of VoCs.
PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mafalda Viana, Julio A. Benavides, Alice Broos, Darcy Ibanez Loayza, Ruby Nino, Jordan Bone, Ana da Silva Filipe, Richard Orton, William Valderrama Bazan, Jason Matthiopoulos, Daniel G. Streicker
Summary: Controlling pathogen circulation in wildlife reservoirs is difficult, especially in the case of vampire bats in Latin America, which carry deadly rabies infections. Culling bats has been attempted to mitigate the spread of rabies but its effectiveness is debated. A 2-year bat culling in Peru, despite reducing bat population density, failed to reduce transmission to livestock. The study suggests that culls may promote viral invasions through changes in bat dispersal, challenging the assumptions of density-dependent transmission and localized viral maintenance.
Review
Immunology
Coen Govers, Philip C. Calder, Huub F. J. Savelkoul, Ruud Albers, R. J. Joost van Neerven
Summary: Respiratory infections, especially in vulnerable groups, place a heavy burden on the health care system. Nutrition plays a role in optimizing immune responsiveness and preventing infections. Micronutrients act as regulators of immune cells' molecular responses, while undernutrition and specific micronutrient deficiencies impair immune response and increase susceptibility to respiratory and gastrointestinal infections. Dietary components such as proteins, pre-, pro- and synbiotics, as well as animal- and plant-derived bioactive components, can support the immune system. Both innate and adaptive defense systems contribute to respiratory tract immunity, and this review aims to describe the effects of different dietary components on these immune responses.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
