Article
Environmental Sciences
Zeqing Wu, Liangwen Yu
Summary: Current artificial agarwood-inducing techniques have low yields and produce low-quality agarwood. This study used a novel agarwood-inducing method (Agar-Bit) to extract a complete agarwood column from cultivated Aquilaria sinensis trees and analyzed its chemical composition. The results showed that the resin and microstructure changed along the agarwood column, and six chromones varied in different layers. Volatile components were mainly distributed in the agarwood layer, but important chromones were also detected in the brown inner layer. The findings provide insights for optimizing production and efficiency in agarwood induction and understanding the formation mechanism.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Forestry
Yuxin Liu, Mengji Qiao, Yunlin Fu, Penglian Wei, Yingjian Li, Zhigao Liu
Summary: This study analyzed the mechanism and process of fungal-induced agarwood formation in Aquilaria sinensis. It found that the process of agarwood formation involves cell apoptosis and the production of characteristic components. The interxylary phloem was identified as a critical region for the production of agarwood. The study also showed that the harvesting time did not significantly affect the production of agarwood characteristic products.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Peiling Wu, Le Sun, Shunyao Qi, Tiexin Zeng, Ziyu Hou, Yun Yang, Lijia Xu, Jianhe Wei, Peigen Xiao
Summary: In this study, agarwood leaf aromatic oil was extracted using supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) extraction and compared with traditional hydrodistillation (HD) and Soxhlet extraction (SE) methods. The results showed that SC-CO2 extraction had higher yields, better smell, and appearance compared to the other two methods. The analysis identified the constituents of the aromatic oil and revealed its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-melanogenesis activities. This work demonstrates the great potential of SC-CO2-extracted agarwood leaf aromatic oil as a food additive or dietary supplement.
JOURNAL OF CO2 UTILIZATION
(2023)
Article
Biology
Saowaluck Tibpromma, Lu Zhang, Samantha C. Karunarathna, Tian-Ye Du, Chayanard Phukhamsakda, Munikishore Rachakunta, Nakarin Suwannarach, Jianchu Xu, Peter E. Mortimer, Yue-Hu Wang
Summary: Natural products are important sources of therapeutic agents, with the newly isolated Nemania species being reported from Aquilaria sinensis for the first time. This study found that Nemania from Aquilaria sinensis may produce useful sesquiterpenoids, and optimal conditions for growing these fungi can be achieved through the use of specific culture media in vitro.
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Tingting Yan, Zekun Hu, Yuan Chen, Sheng Yang, Peng Zhang, Zhou Hong, Gaiyun Li
Summary: Headspace solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography-olfactometry-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-O-MS) coupled with aroma extraction dilution analysis (AEDA) were used to tentatively identify the key odor-active components in cultured agarwood from ordinary and Qi-Nan Aquilaria sinensis trees and compare their odor profiles. Among the 61 odorants found, 20 key odor-active components were screened, showing higher intensity in ordinary agarwood compared to Qi-Nan agarwood, resulting in a stronger floral and sweet aroma. The temperature also influenced the aroma profile, with low molecular weight aromatic compounds increasing significantly and further differentiating ordinary and Qi-Nan agarwood. The unique 2-(2-Phenylethyl) chromone derivatives found in Qi-Nan and ordinary agarwood led to the formation of different aromatic compounds during pyrolysis.
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Gijs van Erven, Patrick Hendrickx, Mohamad Al Hassan, Brigit Beelen, Richard op den Kamp, Edwin Keijsers, Kasper van der Cruijsen, Luisa M. Trindade, Paulien F. H. Harmsen, Arend F. van Peer
Summary: By selecting specific substrate-fungus combinations, the fungal pretreatment of plant biomass can be improved, resulting in better delignification and enzymatic carbohydrate conversion.
ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Tianfeng Liu, Yuxin Liu, Yunlin Fu, Mengji Qiao, Penglian Wei, Zhigao Liu, Yingjian Li
Summary: This study explored the formation mechanism of agarwood induced by fungus and its potential application in high-quality and high-yielding agarwood production. The results showed that the transition layer played a critical role in the continuous accumulation of agarwood, and the parenchyma cells of the xylem rays and interxylary phloem were the main action site of fungus. The accumulation and distribution of chemical composition in different layers were also investigated. The study identified the drivers of specific compounds and provided a theoretical foundation for future agarwood production.
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Baosong Wang, Mingguang Yu, Yuan Tang, Ying Wang, Tianze Xia, Huanlu Song
Summary: Different methods for extracting and analyzing odor-active compounds in Dahongpao Wuyi Rock Tea were compared. The results showed that two-dimensional gas chromatography-olfactometry-mass spectrometry (GCxGC-O-MS) is superior to GC-O-MS, and stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) can extract more odor-active compounds. Aroma extraction dilution analysis (AEDA) and odor activity value (OAV) identified 15 compounds as the most important odor-active compounds in Dahongpao. The roasting process affects the overall odor characteristics of Dahongpao, and appropriate roasting can enhance its sensory quality. The study provides helpful guidance for the production process of Dahongpao.
JOURNAL OF FOOD COMPOSITION AND ANALYSIS
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Kai Xu, Caiyun Tian, Chengzhe Zhou, Chen Zhu, Jingjing Weng, Yun Sun, Yuling Lin, Zhongxiong Lai, Yuqiong Guo
Summary: In this study, the characteristic metabolites and volatile compounds of Rougui Wuyi Rock tea from different culturing regions were analyzed using metabolomics, aroma activity value method, and chemometrics. The results showed significant differences in flavor qualities, especially in taste and aroma, among the different Rougui WRTs.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qian He, Dong-Bao Hu, Lu Zhang, Meng-Yuan Xia, Hui Yan, Xiao-Nian Li, Ji-Feng Luo, Yun-Song Wang, Jing-Hua Yang, Yue-Hu Wang
Summary: Six previously unknown compounds were isolated from the resinous heartwood of Aquilaria sinensis, along with 15 known compounds. Structural and configurational analyses were performed on these compounds, some of which showed neuroprotective activities in PC12 cell models.
Article
Plant Sciences
Rong-Shuang Li, Jia-Hong Zhu, Dong Guo, Hui-Liang Li, Ying Wang, Xu-Po Ding, Wen-Li Mei, Zhi-Bao Chen, Hao-Fu Dai, Shi-Qing Peng
Summary: This study successfully identified and characterized the TPS gene family in Aquilaria sinensis using bioinformatics methods, and found potential regulatory factors. The study elucidated the expression of these genes in response to stress and hormones (especially jasmonic acid), laying the foundation for future research on the functional roles and regulatory mechanisms of sesquiterpene biosynthesis and agarwood formation.
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Forestry
Ruyue Du, Yanjing Zhuo, Jieru Xu, Cheng Ming, Jinhui Chen
Summary: In this study, high-throughput RNA sequencing was used to investigate the transcriptome changes in Aquilaria's xylem after mechanical wounding. The results show that the repair process involves the reprogramming of genes related to plant secondary metabolism, transcription regulation, and phytohormone metabolism and signaling.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Pei-Wen Sun, Zhi-Hui Gao, Fei-Fei Lv, Cui-Cui Yu, Yue Jin, Yan-Hong Xu, Jian-He Wei
Summary: In this study, 105 bHLH genes were identified in Aquilaria sinensis through genome-wide analysis and named according to their chromosomal locations. Based on a phylogenetic tree, AsbHLH family proteins were classified into 18 subfamilies. Seven AsbHLH genes were found to be likely involved in wound-induced agarwood formation. These results provide important information for studying the molecular functions and physiological roles of these proteins in A. sinensis.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Han Zhang, Pan Yue, Xinxin Tong, Tinghui Gao, Ting Peng, Jinlin Guo
Summary: The study compared the morphological and transcriptomic differences between wild and cultivated Ophiocordyceps sinensis and found significant distinctions attributed to varying growth environments. Key differentially expressed genes related to fatty acid metabolism were upregulated in wild samples, which also exhibited significantly higher fatty acid content and a greater proportion of unsaturated fatty acids compared to cultivated counterparts. These findings shed light on the molecular mechanisms underlying differences between wild and cultivated O. sinensis and offer insights for improving artificial breeding practices.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Ting Liu, Li He, Jie Peng, Mingyi Chen, Lang Zhang, Jianwu Chen, Jinhua Gan
Summary: This study developed a method using GC-MS/MS to quantify 17 PAEs in Chinese mitten crabs from Hubei, and found that these compounds were present in both muscle and organs of the crabs, with DEHP, DBP, and DiBP having the highest concentrations. The estimated intake of DEHP, DBP, and DiBP through mitten crab consumption showed no cancer risk for both adults and children.
