Article
Biology
Skye Greer, Michael J. Cramberg, Bruce A. Young
Summary: The morphometric analysis of the spinal cord and surrounding tissue of the American alligator reveals the different structures and changes that occur with increasing body size. This study is important for understanding fluid dynamics and helping analyze fossil archosaurs.
Article
Immunology
Trishna Shah, Sue E. Leurgans, Rashi I. Mehta, Jingyun Yang, Chad A. Galloway, Karen de Mesy L. Bentley, Julie A. Schneider, Rupal I. Mehta
Summary: The study investigates the microstructure and functions of arachnoid granulations (AG) in the brain. It shows that AG harbor immune cells and communicate with perisinus spaces, suggesting their roles in neuroimmune functions and as transarachnoidal passageways. These findings have implications for glymphatic-lymphatic coupling and mechanisms of diseases.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mitsuhiro Kanamori, Minako Ito
Summary: Immune reactions in the brain are tightly regulated, and recent research has shown the presence of immune cells not only within the brain but also in neighboring tissues. Multiple types of immune cells are active even in the steady state. Technological advances have allowed for the characterization of various cell types, including stromal cells. This review provides an overview of the immune system's roles in the brain during health and disease, focusing on adaptive immunity and anatomical sites of action. The potential roles of stromal cells are also discussed.
JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Irene Spera, Nikola Cousin, Miriam Ries, Anna Kedracka, Alina Castillo, Simone Aleandri, Mykhailo Vladymyrov, Josephine A. Mapunda, Britta Engelhardt, Paola Luciani, Michael Detmar, Steven T. Proulx
Summary: This study anatomically defined the connections between the subarachnoid space and the lymphatic system at the cribriform plate in mice. It identified direct connections from the subarachnoid space to lymphatic vessels enwrapping the olfactory nerves, forming a continuous network that allows cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) drainage into nasal submucosal lymphatics. This finding is important for understanding CSF outflow pathways and the role of the lymphatic system in CSF circulation.
Article
Neurosciences
Melanie Neutzner, Corina Kohler, Stephan Frank, Hanspeter E. Killer, Albert Neutzner
Summary: Aging has significant effects on meningeal gene expression, impacting the multifaceted functions performed by the meninges to maintain the homeostasis of the central nervous system. This may contribute to age-related neurodegenerative processes and cognitive decline.
FLUIDS AND BARRIERS OF THE CNS
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Sofia Pereira das Neves, Nickoleta Delivanoglou, Sandro Da Mesquita
Summary: This article discusses the importance and functional characteristics of the lymphatic vascular system found in the meninges of the central nervous system. It also provides an overview of factors affecting meningeal lymphatic function and the role of the lymphatic system in neuroinflammatory diseases.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Daniel G. Calame, Cristina Moreno Vadillo, Seth Berger, Timothy Lotze, Marwan Shinawi, Javaher Poupak, Corina Heller, Julie Cohen, Richard Person, Aida Telegrafi, Chalongchai Phitsanuwong, Kaylene Fiala, Isabelle Thiffault, Florencia Del Viso, Dihong Zhou, Emily A. Fleming, Tomi Pastinen, Ali Fatemi, Sruthi Thomas, Samuel Pascual, Rosa J. Torres, Carmen Prior, Clara Gomez-Gonzalez, Saskia Biskup, James R. Lupski, Dragan Maric, Miguel Holmgren, Debra Regier, Sho T. Yano
Summary: Calame et al. report that genetic disorders of ATP1A3 can cause spasticity resembling cerebral palsy. They identify a genetic variant that leads to leakage of ions through the sodium-potassium pump and suggest it as a potential rare cause of spastic paraparesis. This study highlights the importance of ATP1A3 in neurological syndromes and provides insight into the molecular basis of phenotypic variability.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Noushin Mohammadifard, Faezeh Moazeni, Fatemeh Azizian-Farsani, Mojgan Gharipour, Elham Khosravi, Ladan Sadeghian, Asieh Mansouri, Shahin Shirani, Nizal Sarrafzadegan
Summary: This study examined the effect of genetic variation in salt taste receptors on dietary salt intake and blood pressure in the Iranian population. It found that certain genotypes were associated with higher sodium consumption and diastolic blood pressure. These genetic variations may be related to hypertension and cardiovascular disease risk in this population.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Jun Luo, Wen-Yan Zhang, Hui Li, Pu-Hong Zhang, Chao Tian, Cheng-Hua Wu, An-Ning Zhao, Man-Ling Chen, Yi-Fan Guo, Young-Chang Cho, Sheng-Wei Jin, Yu Hao
Summary: The study found that RvE1 has therapeutic effects on LPS-induced ARDS in rats, which can upregulate the expression of ENaC and NKA through the activation of the PI3K/AKT/SGK1 pathway to promote alveolar fluid clearance.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Josephine A. Mapunda, Javier Pareja, Mykhailo Vladymyrov, Elisa Bouillet, Pauline Helie, Petr Pleskac, Sara Barcos, Johanna Andrae, Dietmar Vestweber, Donald M. Mcdonald, Christer Betsholtz, Urban Deutsch, Steven T. Proulx, Britta Engelhardt
Summary: This study reveals the junctional localization of VE-cadherin in arachnoid and pia mater cells, which can be used as an informative landmark for in vivo imaging of the leptomeninges and their potential barrier properties.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shresh Pathak, Andrea Vambutas
Summary: In patients with Meniere's disease (MD), sodium chloride (NaCl) can induce the release and processing of pro-inflammatory cytokines, leading to disease progression, which can be inhibited by the diuretic triamterene-hydrocholothiazide (T-HCTZ).
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Fisheries
Michael McGowan, Simon MacKenzie, Nikos Steiropoulos, Manfred Weidmann
Summary: The study tested the efficiency of a qRT-PCR assay for NKA alpha 1a mRNA in assessing seawater readiness of freshwater salmon smolts. The results showed high sensitivity in both lab and mobile assays, with indications of obscured results due to environmental heavy metal contamination.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Xue Chen, Min Huang, Zhenyuan Zhang, Huilan Jing, Yueli Zou, Hui Bu
Summary: This article reports a rare case of primary meningeal central nervous system lymphoma. The patient presented with progressive lower extremity motor dysfunction and blurred vision. Diagnosis was confirmed through cytology, immunohistochemistry, and flow cytometry of the cerebrospinal fluid. After treatment, the patient showed significant improvement and could walk and take care of herself after a 2-year follow-up.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Avinash Persaud, Chong Jiang, Zetao Liu, George Kefalas, Wael L. Demian, Daniela Rotin
Summary: This study identified a mechanism of regulating the catalytic activity of E3 ubiquitin ligases by ions and osmolarity, demonstrating that changes in Na+ and osmolarity can activate ubiquitin ligases to protect cells from excessive Na+ loading and hyperosmotic stress.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Elodie Ehret, Sevan Stroh, Muriel Auberson, Frederique Ino, Yannick Jager, Marc Maillard, Roman Szabo, Thomas H. Bugge, Simona Frateschi, Edith Hummler
Summary: CAP3/St14 is essential for the protein abundance rather than direct proteolytic activation of ENaC. This study reveals the complex regulation of ENaC by serine proteases on the expression level, providing important insights into the understanding of ENaC regulation mechanisms.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jeremy Rott, Eva Teresa Toepfer, Maria Bartosova, Ana Kolevica, Alexander Heuser, Michael Rabe, Geert Behets, Patrick C. D'Haese, Viktoria Eichwald, Manfred Jugold, Ivan Damgov, Sotirios G. Zarogiannis, Rukshana Shroff, Anton Eisenhauer, Claus Peter Schmitt
Summary: Serum calcium isotopes have been suggested as a non-invasive and sensitive marker for calcium balance. In this study, low-calcium diet was found to cause significant changes in feces, serum, and urine delta Ca-44/42 in growing rats. Delta Ca-44/42 in serum was inversely correlated with markers of bone mineralization.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dimitrios S. Mysiris, George D. Vavougios, Eirini Karamichali, Stamatia Papoutsopoulou, Vasileios T. Stavrou, Eirini Papayianni, Stylianos Boutlas, Theodoros Mavridis, Pelagia Foka, Sotirios G. Zarogiannis, Konstantinos Gourgoulianis, Georgia Xiromerisiou
Summary: This article summarizes the similarities between SARS-CoV-2 infection and PD, suggesting that the virus may promote the development of PD through modulation of exosomal cargo.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Evdoxia Gogou, Chryssi Hatzoglou, Sotirios G. Zarogiannis, Dimitra Siachpazidou, Irini Gerogianni, Ourania S. Kotsiou, Charalampos Varsamas, Konstantinos Gourgoulianis
Summary: Influenza and pneumococcal pneumonia are major causes of increased morbidity and mortality among elderly and COPD patients. Vaccination coverage rates for influenza and pneumococcus remain far below recommended targets, including among younger COPD patients.
RESPIRATORY MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Anastasios D. Giannou, Jan Kempski, Ahmad Mustafa Shiri, Joran Luecke, Tao Zhang, Lilan Zhao, Dimitra E. Zazara, Filippo Cortesi, Kristoffer Riecken, Maria Carolina Amezcua Vesely, Jun Siong Low, Hao Xu, Eleanna Kaffe, Laura Garcia-Perez, Theodora Agalioti, Yoshito Yamada, Wolfgang Jungraithmayr, Ehud Zigmond, Karl-Frederick Karstens, Babett Steglich, Jonas Wagner, Leonie Konczalla, Antonella Carambia, Kornelius Schulze, Johann von Felden, Peter May, Daria Briukhovetska, Tanja Bedke, Leonie Brockmann, Sarah Starzonek, Tobias Lange, Claudia Koch, Sabine Riethdorf, Penelope Pelczar, Marius Boettcher, Morsal Sabihi, Francis J. Huber, Matthias Reeh, Julia Kristin Grass, Ramez Wahib, Hannes Seese, Bjorn-Ole Stueben, Mohammad Fard-Aghaie, Anna Dupree, Pasquale Scognamiglio, Gabriel Plitzko, Jan Meiners, Shiwa Soukou, Agnes Wittek, Caroline Manthey, Ioannis C. Maroulis, Petra C. Arck, Daniel Perez, Bin Gao, Sotirios G. Zarogiannis, Till Strowig, Renata Pasqualini, Wadih Arap, Javier Suarez Gosalvez, Sebastian Kobold, Immo Prinz, Andreas H. Guse, Michael Tachezy, Tarik Ghadban, Asmus Heumann, Jun Li, Nathaniel Melling, Oliver Mann, Jakob R. Izbicki, Klaus Pantel, Udo Schumacher, Ansgar W. Lohse, Richard A. Flavell, Nicola Gagliani, Samuel Huber
Summary: During metastasis, cancer cells go through a series of steps including invasion, intravasation, circulation, extravasation, and colonization of target organs. This study investigated the role of interleukin (IL)-22 in metastasis and found that IL-22 promotes metastasis through its action on endothelial cells and induction of endothelial aminopeptidase N. IL-22-producing iNKT cells were identified as a source of IL-22 and were shown to be tissue resident. Thus, IL-22 may be a potential therapeutic target for preventing metastasis.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rajesh M. Jagirdar, Eleanna Pitaraki, Ourania S. Kotsiou, Erasmia Rouka, Sotirios I. Sinis, Charalampos Varsamas, Periklis Marnas, Elpiniki Stergiopoulou, Anastasios Giannou, Chrissi Hatzoglou, Konstantinos I. Gourgoulianis, Sotirios G. Zarogiannis
Summary: This study investigated the role of primary cilium (PC) in the context of two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) phenotypes of mesothelial malignancy. Pharmacological deciliation and elongation of the PC were used to analyze the effects on cell viability, adhesion, migration, spheroid formation, spheroid invasion, and collagen gel contraction. The results revealed significant impacts on multiple functional phenotypes of cells. Conclusion: The PC plays a crucial role in the functional phenotypes of both benign and malignant mesothelial cells.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Elena Tsitsami, Ioannis Sarrigeorgiou, Maria Tsinti, Erasmia C. Rouka, Sotirios G. Zarogiannis, Peggy Lymberi
Summary: This study found that the levels and ratios of natural antibodies (NAbs) in the serum of children with oligoarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis (oligo-JIA) were significantly increased, which may be related to the pathogenesis of the disease.
PEDIATRIC RHEUMATOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Trim Lajqi, Natascha Koestlin-Gille, Reinhard Bauer, Sotirios G. Zarogiannis, Esra Lajqi, Valdrina Ajeti, Stefanie Dietz, Simon A. Kranig, Jessica Ruehle, Ardian Demaj, Janine Hebel, Maria Bartosova, David Frommhold, Hannes Hudalla, Christian Gille
Summary: For almost a century, memory functions were believed to belong to acquired immune cells. However, recent studies have challenged this paradigm, revealing that innate immune cells also possess memory-like features (known as trained immunity). On the other hand, endotoxin tolerance, a state of immunosuppression in myeloid cells, reduces their inflammatory capacity. Both trained immunity and endotoxin tolerance are accompanied by epigenetic and metabolic changes in cells. Inappropriate induction of these adaptive cues can promote susceptibility to secondary infections or contribute to the progression of inflammatory disorders.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Ourania S. Kotsiou, Konstantinos Tourlakopoulos, Lamprini Kontopoulou, Georgios Mavrovounis, Ioannis Pantazopoulos, Paraskevi Kirgou, Sotirios G. Zarogiannis, Zoe Daniil, Konstantinos I. Gourgoulianis
Summary: This study investigated the levels of derivatives-reactive oxygen metabolites (d-ROMs) and plasma antioxidant capacity (PAT) in severe controlled asthmatics and their correlation with lung function. The results showed that d-ROMs and PAT values were higher than normal, indicating oxidative stress in severe controlled asthmatics. Furthermore, D-ROMs were positively correlated with R20 values, suggesting an increase in central airway resistance.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Petros Kassas, Eudoxia Gogou, Charalampos Varsamas, Konstantinos Vogiatzidis, Aggeliki Psatha, Maria Pinaka, Dimitra Siachpazidou, Alexandra Sistou, Eleftherios D. Papazoglou, Despoina Kalousi, Konstantina Vatzia, Kyriaki Astara, Nikolaos Tsiouvakas, Sotirios G. Zarogiannis, Konstantinos Gourgoulianis
Summary: Healthcare access and high-quality services are essential human rights, but health inequalities still persist, both between countries and within the same country. This study investigated the health status and satisfaction with healthcare services on the remote Greek island of Alonissos, as well as the transportation requirements for accessing mainland healthcare. The findings show that the overall health, dental health, and mental health statuses were reported to be moderate to very poor by a significant percentage of participants. Although the quality of healthcare provision was rated positively by nearly 60% of participants, access to healthcare was considered good by only 37.45% of participants, and a majority of participants had to visit the mainland to receive proper healthcare services. Strategies to improve healthcare access in remote Greek islands like Alonissos are needed.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Vasiliki Tsolaki, George E. Zakynthinos, Sotirios Zarogiannis, Paris Zygoulis, Ioannis Kalomenidis, Rajesh Jagirdar, Ioannis Triantafyllou, Konstantinos I. Gourgoulianis, Demosthenes Makris, Epaminondas Zakynthinos
Summary: This study found that a high pleural fluid/blood BNP ratio is associated with poorer survival in patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM), indicating its predictive value beyond traditional prognostic factors.
CLINICS AND PRACTICE
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Petros Kassas, Eudoxia Gogou, Charalampos Varsamas, Konstantinos Vogiatzidis, Aggeliki Psatha, Maria Pinaka, Dimitra Siachpazidou, Alexandra Sistou, Eleftherios D. Papazoglou, Despoina Kalousi, Konstantina Vatzia, Kyriaki Astara, Nikolaos Tsiouvakas, Sotirios G. Zarogiannis, Konstantinos I. Gourgoulianis
Summary: This study investigated the self-reported prevalence of Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Syndrome (OSAS) and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases (COPD) in a non-profit line island in Greece, and analyzed the relationship with demographics and adherence to the Mediterranean diet. The results showed a high prevalence of COPD and OSAS in the island, highlighting the need for improvement in health promotion and primary healthcare provision.
Meeting Abstract
Transplantation
Iva Marinovic, Maria Bartosova, Rebecca Herzog, Juan Manuel Sacnun, Conghui Zhang, Eszter Levai, Robin Hoogenboom, Karel Vondrak, Peter Sallay, Jun Oh, Sotirios G. Zarogiannis, Klaus Kratochwill, Claus Peter Schmitt
NEPHROLOGY DIALYSIS TRANSPLANTATION
(2022)
Review
Pediatrics
Maria Bartosova, Sotirios Zarogiannis, Claus Peter Schmitt
Summary: Children with CKD suffer from inflammation and stress induced by reactive metabolites. PD fluids with high GDP concentrations aggravate peritoneal and vascular transformation, leading to inflammation, hypervascularization, and fibrosis. Strategies to improve peritoneal and vascular health in PD patients are discussed in this review.
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Petros Kassas, Georgios D. Vavougios, Chrissi Hatzoglou, Konstantinos Gourgoulianis, Sotirios G. Zarogiannis
Summary: This study investigated the self-reported risk of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and the level of awareness of the disease and its diagnosis in Thessaly, Greece. The results showed that 26.77% of the participants were at high risk for OSA and 10.63% were at high risk of excessive daytime sleepiness. The majority of the sample was aware of the existence of OSAS, but fewer had knowledge about its diagnosis and polysomnography. The high risk of OSA prevalence and the low awareness of its diagnosis highlight the need for health promotion programs to increase disease awareness in the general population.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Panagiota K. Ntenta, Georgios D. Vavougios, Sotirios G. Zarogiannis, Konstantinos I. Gourgoulianis
Summary: This study investigated the comorbidity phenotypes in OSAS patients referred to the primary health care system. Three distinct clusters were identified, with differences in age, apnea-hypopnea index, oxygen desaturation index, arousal index, and other parameters.