Article
Oncology
Derek S. Tsang, Grace Tsui, Chris McIntosh, Thomas Purdie, Glenn Bauman, Hitesh Dama, Normand Laperriere, Barbara-Ann Millar, David B. Shultz, Sameera Ahmed, Mohammad Khandwala, David C. Hodgson
Summary: The use of automated machine-learning to aid radiotherapy planning for children and young adults with primary brain tumours is feasible and can result in high-quality treatment plans.
RADIATION ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Giuseppe Minniti, Gaetano Lanzetta, Luca Capone, Martina Giraffa, Ivana Russo, Francesco Cicone, Alessandro Bozzao, Filippo Alongi, Luca Nicosia, Gioia Fineschi, Luca Marchetti, Tommaso Tufo, Federico Bianciardi, Vincenzo Esposito, PierCarlo Gentile, Sergio Paolini
Summary: The study evaluated the effects of postoperative stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) with immunotherapy compared to SRS alone in patients with resected brain metastases (BM). The combination therapy showed a lower rate of leptomeningeal disease (LMD) and distant brain parenchymal failure (DBF), leading to reduced neurological death and prolonged survival.
JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Steffi E. M. van de Ven, Janne M. Falger, Rob H. A. Verhoeven, Robert J. Baatenburg de Jong, Manon Cw Spaander, Marco J. Bruno, Arjun D. Koch
Summary: Patients with primary oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma have a significantly increased risk of developing multiple primary tumours in the upper aero digestive tract and stomach compared to the general population. Most multiple primary tumours are located in the head and neck region. Approximately 5% of patients have a second primary tumour either synchronously or metachronously, with a median interval of 3.0 years to the diagnosis of the metachronous tumour.
UNITED EUROPEAN GASTROENTEROLOGY JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Pathology
Julian Tabasaran, Martin Schuhmann, Martin Ebinger, Jurgen Honegger, Mirjam Renovanz, Jens Schittenhelm
Summary: The study demonstrates frequent expression of PAX6 in human ependymal tumors, and immunohistochemistry may be helpful in determining prognostically relevant subgroups.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Giuseppe Lombardi, Alessandro Della Puppa, Marco Pizzi, Giulia Cerretti, Camilla Bonaudo, Marina Paola Gardiman, Angelo Dipasquale, Fabiana Gregucci, Alice Esposito, Debora De Bartolo, Vittorina Zagonel, Matteo Simonelli, Alba Fiorentino, Francois Ducray
Summary: Ependymomas are neuroepithelial tumors arising from the central nervous system, primarily occurring in the spine in adults. Local therapy with surgery and radiotherapy is the most effective treatment, while systemic chemotherapy is used in recurrent cases. Recent advances in understanding molecular mechanisms have led to potential new systemic treatments.
Article
Oncology
Nicola J. Farrer, Geoff S. Higgins, Ian H. Kunkler
Summary: Combined chemoradiotherapy is the standard treatment for solid tumours, but systemic toxicity can limit chemotherapy delivery. Recent studies have shown that organic azides can be activated under radiation conditions, releasing drugs with reduced systemic toxicity. This approach may be relevant to glioblastoma and other solid tumours and offers potential for drug delivery from implanted devices.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Landon C. Brown, Kunal Desai, Wei Wei, Emily N. Kinsey, Chester Kao, Daniel J. George, Brian Rini, Moshe C. Ornstein, Tian Zhang
Summary: This study retrospectively evaluated the outcomes of intermediate or poor-risk untreated metastatic renal cell carcinoma patients with brain metastasis treated with ipilimumab plus nivolumab. The results indicated that the combination therapy, along with CNS-directed local therapy, showed clinical efficacy in patients with mRCC and brain metastasis, with responses seen beyond the first-line setting. Further investigation is warranted in this population due to exclusion from prior clinical trials.
JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Martin J. van den Bent, Marjolein Geurts, Pim J. French, Marion Smits, David Capper, Jacoline E. C. Bromberg, Susan M. Chang
Summary: The most common adult-type primary CNS tumors are diffuse gliomas, but there are also various rare CNS tumor types. The classification of these tumors is increasingly based on molecular diagnostics. Surgery is the mainstay of treatment for gliomas, and early surgery is recommended for patients with histologically low-grade tumors. Standard treatment for adult-type diffuse glioma consists of radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Targeted treatments and immunotherapy are still in the early stages of development for the treatment of adult-type gliomas.
Article
Oncology
Tanja Eichkorn, Julia Bauer, Emanuel Bahn, Jonathan W. Lischalk, Eva Meixner, Elisabetta Sandrini, Sebastian Regnery, Thomas Held, Juliane Hoerner-Rieber, Markus Alber, Klaus Herfarth, Juergen Debus, Laila Koenig, Semi Harrabi
Summary: This study analyzed the outcomes of proton beam radiotherapy in 227 patients with low-grade glioma. The results showed that proton beam radiotherapy was effective in treating LGG in both children and adults. The incidence of radiation-induced contrast enhancements was higher in adults compared to children, and was associated with WHO grading.
RADIOTHERAPY AND ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Emmanuel C. Patin, Magnus T. Dillon, Pablo Nenclares, Lorna Grove, Heba Soliman, Isla Leslie, Davina Northcote, Galabina Bozhanova, Eva Crespo-Rodriguez, Holly Baldock, Harriet Whittock, Gabriella Baker, Joan Kyula, Jeane Guevara, Alan A. Melcher, James Harper, Hormas Ghadially, Simon Smith, Malin Pedersen, Martin McLaughlin, Kevin J. Harrington
Summary: This study identifies a role for NK cells in the antitumor immune response to radiotherapy that can be enhanced by small-molecule DNA damage-response inhibitors and immune checkpoint blockade, with promising translational potential in clinical samples.
JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Vahid Ramezani, Shiva Ghadirian, Masoud Shabani, Mohammad Ali Boroumand, Reza Daneshvar, Fatemeh Saghafi
Summary: This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of curcumin mouthwash and curcumin-nanocapsule in the treatment of radiation-induced oral mucositis (ROM). The results showed that both oral and topical application of curcumin could effectively reduce the symptoms and pain associated with ROM, with good safety profiles.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Chayarani Kelgeri, Diane Renz, Simon McGuirk, Irene Schmid, Khalid Sharif, Ulrich Baumann
Summary: Innovations in diagnostic and therapeutic approaches have revolutionized the management of liver tumours in children, with early diagnosis, multidisciplinary interventions, and liver transplantation playing crucial roles in improving outcomes. Collaboration between experts worldwide is now focused on optimizing treatment strategies and identifying key molecular profiles for personalized care.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC GASTROENTEROLOGY AND NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Louise Hayes, Nermine Basta, Colin R. Muirhead, Jason D. Pole, Paul Gibson, Bruna Di Monte, Meredith S. Irwin, Mark Greenberg, Deborah A. Tweddle, Richard J. Q. McNally
Summary: This study analyzed the temporal clustering of neuroblastic tumors based on data from Ontario, Canada. It found significant extra-Poisson variation between years, suggesting a possible association with transient factors such as infection.
ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Wenzhe Duan, Shengkai Xia, Mengyi Tang, Manqing Lin, Wenwen Liu, Qi Wang
Summary: Interventions targeting endothelial cells (ECs) have shown promising clinical efficacy in brain tumors due to their high degree of vascularization. This article highlights recent advances in understanding the contributions of ECs to brain tumor development, including interactions with tumor cells, EC heterogeneity, and new research models.
CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Wenzhe Duan, Shengkai Xia, Mengyi Tang, Manqing Lin, Wenwen Liu, Qi Wang
Summary: Interactions between endothelial cells (ECs) and tumor cells are crucial in brain tumor development. The heterogeneity of ECs and the use of new research models have received increasing attention in brain tumors. Targeting ECs is of particular importance due to the high degree of vascularization in brain tumors.
CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Luca Massimi, Paola Peretta, Alessandra Erbetta, Alessandra Solari, Mariangela Farinotti, Palma Ciaramitaro, Veronica Saletti, Massimo Caldarelli, Alexandre Casagrande Canheu, Carlo Celada, Luisa Chiapparini, Daniela Chieffo, Giuseppe Cinalli, Federico Di Rocco, Marika Furlanetto, Flavio Giordano, George Jallo, Syril James, Paola Lanteri, Christian Lemarchand, Martina Messing-Juenger, Cecilia Parazzini, Giovanna Paternoster, Gianluca Piatelli, Maria A. Poca, Prab Prabahkar, Federica Ricci, Andrea Righini, Francesco Sala, Juan Sahuquillo, Marcus Stoodley, Giuseppe Talamonti, Dominic Thompson, Fabio Triulzi, Mino Zucchelli, Laura Valentini
Summary: Through the Delphi study, an international panel of experts reached consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of CM1 in children, with a total of 58 statements covering four main sections including Definition and Classification, Planning, Surgery, and Isolated Syringomyelia. The article emphasizes the need for establishing an international network and registry, as well as promoting collaborative studies to enhance the evidence base and optimize long-term care for this patient population.
NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Rosalinda Calandrelli, Fabio Pilato, Luca Massimi, Roberta Onesimo, Gabriella D'Apolito, Lorenzo Tenore, Domenico Romeo, Chiara Leoni, Giuseppe Zampino, Cesare Colosimo
Summary: The study aimed to evaluate neuromotor impairment in achondroplasic children using brain MRI. It found that the SICV/SICBV ratio was increased in both groups, while the PCFV/PCFBV ratio was decreased in the symptomatic group.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Diana Valeria Rossetti, Ilaria Inserra, Alessia Nestico, Federica Vincenzoni, Federica Iavarone, Irene Messana, Massimo Castagnola, Luca Massimi, Gianpiero Tamburrini, Massimo Caldarelli, Claudia Desiderio
Summary: The study aimed to explore the intact proteome of pediatric brain tumors of different WHO grades and localizations to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying the onset and progression of these pathologies. Proteomic analysis revealed statistically significant differences in protein/peptide levels between tumor histotypes, as well as the identification of naturally occurring fragments and post-translational modifications. This study contributes to elucidating the molecular profiles of the most common solid tumors affecting children.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Luca Massimi, Davide Palombi, Ilaria Contaldo, Chara Veredice, Daniela Rosaria Pia Chieffo, Rosalinda Calandrelli, Gianpiero Tamburrini, Domenica Immacolata Battaglia
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the correlation between Chiari 1 malformation (CM1) and epilepsy. The results showed no significant clinical correlation between CM1 and epilepsy, and the course of both conditions depended on surgery and antiepileptic drugs.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Grazia Menna, Gianpiero Tamburrini, Federico Bianchi
CHILDS NERVOUS SYSTEM
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Alberto Benato, Martina Offi, Federico Bianchi, Massimiliano Visocchi, Gianpiero Tamburrini
Summary: This article reports a unique craniovertebral junction malformation that is not included in any existing classification framework and may represent a novel pathological entity. Surgical treatment involved posterior decompression, resection of the abnormal bone, and occipito-cervical fusion.
EUROPEAN SPINE JOURNAL
(2023)
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Elisabetta Sforza, Gaia Margiotta, Valentina Giorgio, Domenico Limongelli, Francesco Proli, Eliza Maria Kuczynska, Chiara Leoni, Cristina De Rose, Valentina Trevisan, Domenico Marco Romeo, Rosalinda Calandrelli, Eugenio De Corso, Luca Massimi, Osvaldo Palmacci, Donato Rigante, Giuseppe Zampino, Roberta Onesimo
Summary: Achondroplasia is a common skeletal dysplasia in humans, caused by mutations in the FGFR3 gene. Although its cardinal features and inheritance have been well-established, feeding and nutritional complications have not been given much prominence.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
G. Agresta, A. Campione, P. Veiceschi, D. Gallo, E. Agosti, L. Massimi, G. Piatelli, A. Consales, S. Linsler, J. Oertel, F. Pozzi, M. L. Tanda, P. Castelnuovo, D. Locatelli
Summary: This study compared the outcomes of a staged surgical approach and a single-stage radical approach in children with craniopharyngiomas. The results showed that a staged approach led to higher rates of gross total resection and progression-free survival compared to the single-stage approach, with no significant differences in other outcomes.
JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Rosalinda Calandrelli, Luca Massimi, Fabio Pilato, Tommaso Verdolotti, Antonio Ruggiero, Giorgio Attina, Marco Gessi, Cesare Colosimo
Summary: This study aims to assess the main imaging and clinical features in adult- and pediatric-onset atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor (ATRT) and build a predefined pathway for diagnosis. Clinical evaluation showed that ATRT was more common in children under 3 years old, with infratentorial localization reported more frequently in children under 24 months. Imaging findings revealed that ATRT had a preferential location near the ventricles and liquor spaces, with eccentric cysts as a hallmark feature. Histopathological analysis confirmed the diagnosis using specific immunohistochemical markers. The diagnosis of ATRT is more challenging in adults and relies solely on neuropathological examination.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Paolo Frassanito, Carolina Noya, Giorgio Ducoli, Luca Massimi, Federico Bianchi, Tommaso Verdolotti, Gianpiero Tamburrini
Summary: Introducing the technique of in situ laminotomy for treating spinal tumors, which allows preservation of the posterior tension band and provides sufficient exposure for surgery. This technique makes the procedure easier and faster while ensuring the integrity of the spine.
CHILDS NERVOUS SYSTEM
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Paolo Frassanito, Vito Stifano, Federico Bianchi, Gianpiero Tamburrini, Luca Massimi
Summary: Intraoperative ultrasound (IOUS) is a helpful tool for the resection of space-occupying brain lesions, although technical limits may affect its reliability. By using IOUS with careful assessment of technical limits and implementing strategies to enhance real-time imaging, accurate localization and evaluation of resection extent can be achieved. These strategies include the use of hyperechoic markers, contrast administration, and specific techniques to overcome the limitations.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Luca Massimi, Davide Palombi, Alessandra Musarra, Federico Bianchi, Paolo Frassanito, Gianpiero Tamburrini, Concezio Di Rocco
Summary: Adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma (AC) is a challenging tumor due to its proximity to important anatomical structures, which can result in significant functional impairments and impact the patient's quality of life. The management of AC has evolved over time, with the current main approach being an integrated treatment combining surgery and adjuvant therapies.
CHILDS NERVOUS SYSTEM
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Domenico Solari, Elena d'Avella, Gianluca Agresta, Domenico Catapano, Aurelio D'Ecclesia, Davide Locatelli, Luca Massimi, Diego Mazzatenta, Giannantonio Spena, Gianpiero Tamburrini, Cesare Zoia, Matteo Zoli, Giuseppe Cinalli, Paolo Cappabianca, Luigi Maria Cavallo
Summary: This study aimed to analyze the characteristics of infradiaphragmatic craniopharyngiomas (ICs) and the impact of transsphenoidal endoscopic surgery. The results showed that EEA provides a direct route to ICs, avoids the need for additional bone and dural opening over the planum sphenoidale, and achieves high surgical success rates and satisfactory clinical outcomes.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Giacomo Avesani, Alessio Perazzolo, Lorenzo Elia, Andrea Giovanni Anghelone, Simona Gaudino, Luca Russo, Enza Genco, Valerio Di Paola, Luca Massimi, Marco De Santis, Gianpiero Tamburrini, Riccardo Manfredi
Summary: Fetal MRI plays an important role in fetal surgery for open neural tube defects (NTDs). Specific inclusion and exclusion criteria can be adequately studied using fetal MRI. This review discusses the significance of fetal MRI in supporting pre-surgery treatment decisions and post-surgical effectiveness assessment.
