Article
Chemistry, Physical
Kyunghan Ahn, Ga Hye Kim, Se-Jun Kim, Jihyun Kim, Gi-Seong Ryu, Paul Lee, Byungki Ryu, Jung Young Cho, Yong-Hoon Kim, Joohoon Kang, Hyungjun Kim, Yong-Young Noh, Myung-Gil Kim
Summary: This study reports the synthesis of highly conductive transparent p-type sulfur-doped CuI (CuI:S) thin film using a liquid-iodination method with a thiol additive. The CuI:S film exhibits a remarkably high electrical conductivity and optical transmittance, achieving a record-high figure of merit (FOM) value. The CuI:S electrode is successfully utilized in transparent electronic devices.
CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
M. F. Al-Kuhaili
Summary: This study obtained conductive tin oxide thin films through extrinsic doping with tantalum, resulting in high transparency and electrical conductivity suitable for transparent conductor applications.
MATERIALS CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Han Gao, Xianwei Zeng, Qiang Guo, Zhi Yang, Yanwen Deng, Hong Li, Dehua Xiong
Summary: In this study, Ca doped CuScO2 delafossite oxides were synthesized using the hydrothermal method, with increasing Ca dopant leading to thinner sheets and decreased conductivity. Additionally, all samples exhibited absorption in the visible light region, and the optical band gap values showed a blue shift with increasing Ca dopant. These results suggest potential applications of these materials in optoelectronic devices.
DALTON TRANSACTIONS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Cheuk Kai Gary Kwok, Kin Man Yu
Summary: Cadmium oxide (CdO) is a wide gap semiconductor with high electron concentration and optical transparency, and CdO:In films synthesized by sol-gel method can achieve high conductivity after optimized annealing. However, high In concentration may lead to electron concentration saturation and low activation.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Chaeyoung Kang, Hae-Jun Seok, Seong-Won Kim, Mohadese Beigtan, Yunseok Kim, Han-Ki Kim
Summary: In this study, Ga and Ti co-doped In2O3 (IGTO) films were designed as flexible and transparent electrodes for thin film heaters (TFHs) and flexible touch screen panels (FTSPs) in automobiles. The IGTO electrodes deposited on cyclic olefin copolymer (COP) showed good properties in terms of sheet resistance, transmittance, and surface roughness. Moreover, the IGTO/COP samples exhibited mechanical flexibility and stable touch sensitivity. These findings suggest that IGTO/COP is a promising flexible and transparent electrode for curved TFHs and FTSPs in next-generation automobiles.
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Z. L. Wang, S. W. Fan
Summary: The study reveals that BeS is a transparent semiconductor with a visible light transmittance of up to 80%. Through atomic doping, N, Li, and Na can form shallow acceptor defects, providing new opportunities for transparent electronics and optoelectronic applications.
MATERIALS TODAY COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Nikita Gagrani, Kaushal Vora, Chennupati Jagadish, Hark Hoe Tan
Summary: This study investigates the characteristics and applications of p-type transparent conducting oxides (TCOs) through the deposition of SnxNiyOz films. The study explores the optical and electrical properties, band alignment, and stability of the films, as well as the behavior of LEDs using these materials. The results demonstrate the potential of SnxNiyOz as a high-performance p-type TCO for transparent electronics and optoelectronics applications.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Adam J. Jackson, Benjamin J. Parrett, Joe Willis, Alex M. Ganose, W. W. Winnie Leung, Yuhan Liu, Benjamin A. D. Williamson, Timur K. Kim, Moritz Hoesch, Larissa S. I. Veiga, Raman Kalra, Jens Neu, Charles A. Schmuttenmaer, Tien-Lin Lee, Anna Regoutz, Tung-Chun Lee, Tim D. Veal, Robert G. Palgrave, Robin Perry, David O. Scanlon
Summary: This study demonstrates the ideal transparent conducting oxide ZnSb2O6 and identifies gallium as the optimal dopant for achieving high conductivity and transparency. Experimental validation of computational predictions shows that Ga-doped ZnSb2O6 exhibits behavior consistent with a degenerate transparent conducting oxide.
ACS ENERGY LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Benedict Wen-Cheun Au, Kah-Yoong Chan, Gregory Soon How Thien, Mian-En Yeoh, Mohd Zainizan Sahdan, Hanabe Chowdappa Ananda Murthy
Summary: Over the past few decades, the research on electrochromism has focused on altering the optical transmittance of electrochromic (EC) materials using a small applied voltage. Tungsten oxide (WO3) is commonly used in EC devices (ECDs) to achieve this effect. In this study, WO3 films were produced using a sol-gel spin-coating method, and the influence of various transparent conducting oxides (TCOs) on the construction of ECDs was investigated. The combination of fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) and indium-doped tin oxide (ITO) as the TCO and counter electrode, respectively, exhibited the highest coloration efficiency.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Tahereh Nematiaram, Alessandro Troisi
Summary: Transparent conducting materials are crucial for optoelectronic devices, but it is challenging to develop high-performance materials that are both transparent and conductive, especially for p-type-doped materials. In this study, a large set of molecular semiconductors from the Cambridge Structural Database were evaluated to identify potential transparent conducting materials based on p-type-doped molecular crystals. Candidate materials were selected based on high HOMO energy levels, high charge carrier mobility, and a high threshold for energy absorption. Additionally, the calculation of excited-state energy was found to be essential for accurately predicting material transparency. Through virtual screening, molecular semiconductors with desirable mobility and transparency can be discovered.
CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Applied
Reiji Okada, Hiroto Isomura, Yoshiki J. Sato, Ryuji Okazaki, Masayuki Inoue, Shinya Yoshioka
Summary: Researchers have fabricated transparent low-layered crystals of a misfit thermoelectric oxide, which exhibite high transparency and low electrical resistivity due to their single-crystalline structure. These materials have a higher figure of merit compared to previous reports and may serve as a unique class of multi-functional transparent thermoelectric oxides.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
D. Paul Joseph, R. Radha, Jean Maria Fernandes, Reddivari Muniramaiah, Nandarapu Purushothamreddy, M. Kovendhan, C. Venkateswaran
Summary: Transparent conducting electrodes (TCEs) with high electrical conductivity and optical transmittance are essential components in optoelectronic devices. Undoped and Li:F co-doped SnO2 films were deposited on glass substrates and showed improved crystallinity and high optical transmittance. The co-doped SnO2 film with Li (1 wt%): F (5 wt%) exhibited the highest figure of merit value, indicating a balance between transmittance and sheet resistance. Further exploration of these properties is recommended for potential alternative TCE systems.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Tae-Seop Song, Jin-Woo Cho, Jong-Ho Kim, Su-Kyung Kim, Sun-Kyung Kim, Tae-Yeon Seong
Summary: The study investigated the optical and electrical properties of Ta2O5/Ag/Ta2O5 films based on the thicknesses of the Ta2O5 and Ag layers. It was observed that changing the thicknesses of the layers affected the sheet resistance, carrier concentration, electron mobility, resistivity, transmittance, and optical bandgaps of the films. The results demonstrated the importance of optimizing the thicknesses of the layers to achieve desired optical and electrical properties.
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Pamela Machado, Roger Guzman, Ramon J. . Morera, Jordi Alcala, Anna Palau, Wu Zhou, Mariona Coll
Summary: The need for highly performant and stable p-type transparent electrodes based on abundant metals is driving research on perovskite oxide thin films. Cost-efficient and scalable solution-based techniques are being explored to prepare these materials and extract their full potential.
CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jihun Kim, Jun Sung Jang, Seung Wook Shin, Hyeonghun Park, Woo-Lim Jeong, Seung-Hyun Mun, Jung-Hong Min, Jiyoung Ma, Jaeyeong Heo, Dong Seon Lee, Jung-Je Woo, Jin Hyeok Kim, Hyeong-Jin Kim
Summary: In this study, a novel combination of Mg- and Ga-co-doped ZnO (MGZO)/Li-doped graphene oxide (LGO) transparent electrode (TE)/electron-transporting layer (ETL) was successfully applied for the first time in Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)(4) (CZTSSe) thin-film solar cells (TFSCs). The MGZO material showed wide optical spectrum, high transmittance, and low electrical resistance, leading to increased photon harvesting and electron collection rate. The LGO ETL prevented plasma-induced damage to the CdS buffer and improved the V-oc of the CZTSSe TFSCs. The MGZO/LGO TE/ETL combination achieved a higher power conversion efficiency of 10.67% compared to the conventional AZO/intrinsic ZnO (8.33%).
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Rhiannon M. Kennard, Clayton J. Dahlman, Emily E. Morgan, Juil Chung, Benjamin L. Cotts, Joseph R. A. Kincaid, Ryan A. DeCrescent, Kevin H. Stone, Shobhana Panuganti, Yahya Mohtashami, Lingling Mao, Richard D. Schaller, Alberto Salleo, Mercouri G. Kanatzidis, Jon A. Schuller, Ram Seshadri, Michael L. Chabinyc
Summary: A method for controlling the color and texture of 2D hybrid perovskite films is demonstrated, showing the ability to extinguish or enhance different emission features. By controlling the growth process and material composition, the emission color of these compounds can be tuned.
ADVANCED OPTICAL MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Trisha R. Nickerson, Emma N. Antonio, Dylan P. McNally, Michael F. Toney, Chunmei Ban, Anthony P. Straub
Summary: Polyamide reverse osmosis (PA-RO) membranes have high water permeability and salt rejection, making them important for addressing water shortages. However, current membranes face challenges with selectivity, fouling, and predicting performance. This Perspective highlights the need for molecular understanding of selectivity and transport mechanisms of PA-RO and other polymer membranes to guide future developments and improve predictive models. It discusses current understanding of ion, water, and polymer interactions in PA-RO membranes, explores their impact on transport properties, and underscores advances in characterization techniques and computational methods for studying transport phenomena.
Article
Polymer Science
Grant E. Bauman, Jonathan D. Hoang, Michael F. Toney, Timothy J. White
Summary: The anisotropy of liquid crystalline elastomers (LCEs) is derived from the interaction-facilitated orientation of the molecular constituents. In this study, we investigated the correlation between the thermomechanical response of LCEs subjected to mechanical alignment and measurements of the Hermans orientation parameter. By systematically preparing LCEs with varying concentrations of liquid crystalline mesogens, we were able to control the degree of achievable order. The results showed that the liquid crystalline content defines the temperature of actuation, while the orientation parameter of the LCE is intricately correlated to both the total actuation strain and the rate of thermomechanical response.
Review
Engineering, Biomedical
Fan Rong, Tengjiao Wang, Qian Zhou, Haowei Peng, Jingtian Yang, Quli Fan, Peng Li
Summary: This review focuses on the design, preparation, and therapeutic applications of intelligent polymeric H2S delivery systems in cardiovascular therapy, inflammatory therapy, tissue regenerative therapy, cancer therapy and bacteria-associated therapy. Precise H2S therapies, especially imaging-guided H2S theranostics, are highlighted.
BIOACTIVE MATERIALS
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Rodrigo Szostak, Agnaldo de Souza Goncalves, Jilian Nei de Freitas, Paulo E. Marchezi, Francineide Lopes de Araujo, Helio Cesar Nogueira Tolentino, Michael F. Toney, Francisco das Chagas Marques, Ana Flavia Nogueira
Summary: The performance and stability of metal halide perovskite solar cells depend on precursor materials and deposition methods. In situ studies have contributed to the development of procedures to improve the properties of perovskite films and explore device performance and degradation. These studies highlight the importance of in situ and operando studies for achieving the stability required for commercial deployment.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Hao A. Nguyen, Grant Dixon, Florence Y. Dou, Shaun Gallagher, Stephen Gibbs, Dylan M. Ladd, Emanuele Marino, Justin C. Ondry, James P. Shanahan, Eugenia S. Vasileiadou, Stephen Barlow, Daniel R. Gamelin, David S. Ginger, David M. Jonas, Mercouri G. Kanatzidis, Seth R. Marder, Daniel Morton, Christopher B. Murray, Jonathan S. Owen, Dmitri V. Talapin, Michael F. Toney, Brandi M. Cossairt
Summary: In this review, the demand and design rules for solution-processed semiconductors with narrow photoluminescence line widths are discussed. The current state of emission line width for various colloidal materials is compared, and some conclusions and prospects are summarized.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Lucas Q. Flagg, Jonathan W. Onorato, Christine K. Luscombe, Vinayak Bhat, Chad Risko, Ben Levy-Wendt, Michael F. Toney, Christopher R. McNeill, Guillaume Freychet, Mikhail Zhernenkov, Ruipeng Li, Lee J. Richter
Summary: Organic mixed ionic-electronic conductors (OMIECs) have the potential for various new technologies, but their complex behavior inhibits material design. This report presents the use of RXRD to determine the structure of a doped polymer OMIEC. The insights from RXRD provide important information on ion location and doping behavior, contributing to a better understanding of transport in OMIECs.
CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Nayon Park, Ryan A. Beck, Kevin K. Hoang, Dylan M. Ladd, Jared E. Abramson, Ricardo A. Rivera-Maldonado, Hao A. Nguyen, Madison Monahan, Gerald T. Seidler, Michael F. Toney, Xiaosong Li, Brandi M. Cossairt
Summary: We demonstrate the colloidal, layer-by-layer growth of metal oxide shells on InP quantum dots (QDs) at room temperature. The presence of surface-localized dark states near the band edges due to native InP QD surface oxides gives rise to nonradiative pathways, which can be reduced by replacing surface indium with zinc to form a ZnO shell. A synthetic strategy using stoichiometric amounts of common atomic layer deposition precursors in alternating cycles was developed for layer-by-layer growth. The results show the potential of controlling QD interfaces and contribute to the understanding of the connections between structural complexity and PL properties in colloidal optoelectronic materials.
INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Julian A. Steele, Eduardo Solano, David Hardy, Damara Dayton, Dylan Ladd, Keith White, Peng Chen, Jingwei Hou, Haowei Huang, Rafikul Ali Saha, Lianzhou Wang, Feng Gao, Johan Hofkens, Maarten B. J. Roeffaers, Dmitry Chernyshov, Michael F. Toney
Summary: Recent reports have increasingly utilized synchrotron-based grazing incident wide angle X-ray scattering (GIWAXS) to study metal halide perovskite thin films, which has proven to be invaluable for understanding structure-property relationships that limit optoelectronic performance. The GIWAXS technique is compatible with in situ and operando setups, and a growing research community has successfully used it to study kinetic and dynamic features in halide perovskite materials. This article aims to accelerate the learning curve for new experimentalists by providing a comprehensive framework for effective GIWAXS experiments.
ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Joshua T. Del Mundo, Sintu Rongpipi, Hui Yang, Dan Ye, Sarah N. Kiemle, Stephanie L. Moffitt, Charles L. Troxel, Michael F. Toney, Chenhui Zhu, James D. Kubicki, Daniel J. Cosgrove, Esther W. Gomez, Enrique D. Gomez
Summary: In this study, grazing-incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering (GIWAXS) with a humidity chamber was used to investigate the properties of onion cell walls. The results showed that the lattice spacing of cellulose (110/110) slightly decreased upon drying, while the lattice parameters of (200) remained unchanged. The intensity of (110/110) diffraction increased relative to (200) in hydrated samples. Density functional theory models confirmed the changes in crystalline properties during drying. GIWAXS also revealed a peak attributed to pectin chain aggregation.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Valerie A. Niemann, Marten Huck, Hans-Georg Steinrueck, Michael F. Toney, William A. Tarpeh, Sharon E. Bone
Summary: This study investigated the fouling of RO membranes by calcium and silicon under realistic feed conditions using mu-X-ray fluorescence (mu-XRF) mapping and mu-X-ray absorption near-edge fine structure (mu-XANES) spectroscopy. The results showed that both calcium and silicon were abundant in the fouling layer. Additionally, organic compounds were closely related to the presence of calcium and silicon on the RO membrane. These findings provide important insight into the mechanism of RO membrane fouling.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Luis Kitsu Iglesias, Emma N. Antonio, Tristan D. Martinez, Liang Zhang, Zengqing Zhuo, Steven J. Weigand, Jinghua Guo, Michael F. Toney
Summary: This study elucidates the mechanism of sodium storage in hard carbon anodes and provides insights into the preferred pore sizes, extent of pore filling, and the influence of defect concentration. It is observed that sodium in larger pores exhibits increased pseudo-metallic sodium character, and higher pyrolysis temperatures enhance the capacity of sodium stored in the pores. Additionally, sodium intercalation between graphene layers occurs simultaneously with pore filling in the plateau region. The findings highlight strategies to design superior hard carbon anodes for sodium-ion batteries.
ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Dario Gomez Vazquez, Travis P. Pollard, Julian Mars, Ji Mun Yoo, Hans-Georg Steinrueck, Sharon E. Bone, Olga Safonova, Michael F. Toney, Oleg Borodin, Maria R. Lukatskaya
Summary: By using coordinating anions like acetate, a WIS-like Zn coordination environment can be achieved even in relatively dilute conditions, enabling prolonged cycling of Zn metal anodes.
ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Stephanie L. Moffitt, Chuntian Cao, Maikel F. A. M. Van Hest, Laura T. Schelhas, Hans-Georg Steinrueck, Michael F. Toney
Summary: In this study, the existence of vertically heterogeneous thermally induced structural relaxation in amorphous In-Zn-O (a-IZO) thin films was observed using in situ X-ray reflectivity, which has not been previously observed. Thermal annealing was found to influence the electrical performance of the films. These findings are important for the development of a-IZO-based devices.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Alexander H. Jenkins, Erin E. Dunphy, Michael F. Toney, Charles B. Musgrave, J. Will Medlin
Summary: This study investigates the effects of modifying single-atom Rh-1/TiO2 catalysts with functionalized phosphonic acid monolayers on CO2 hydrogenation. The deposition of specific amine-functionalized ligands significantly enhances the catalytic activity and stability of the catalysts. The proximity of the amine functional group to the surface, controlled by adjusting the length of the phosphonic acid tail, plays a crucial role in the reactivity. The modification also improves the selectivity of the catalyst towards CO.