Synthesis and Transformations of Nitrogen Heterocycles in Ionic Liquids (Review)

A review is given for our work in the Nitrogen Compound Laboratory of the Institute of Organic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences over the past 10 years on the use of ionic liquids as reaction media and catalysts in the 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of various 1,3-dipoles, such as azomethine imines, azides, and nitrile oxides, including domino reactions for the expansion of the three-membered diaziridine ring in monocyclic diaziridine derivatives and condensation reactions such as the synthesis of aminothiadiazoles and dihydroisoquinolines. The Schmidt rearrangement and Henry and Mannich reactions of polynitroalkanes in ionic liquids are also discussed.