Article
Microbiology
Samuel C. Uzoechi, Bruce A. Rosa, Kumar Sachin Singh, Young-Jun Choi, Bethany K. Bracken, Paul J. Brindley, R. Reid Townsend, Robert Sprung, Bin Zhan, Maria-Elena Bottazzi, John M. Hawdon, Yide Wong, Alex Loukas, Sergej Djuranovic, Makedonka Mitreva
Summary: We used mass spectrometry to analyze and compare the excretory/secretory products (ESPs) of male and female Ancylostoma ceylanicum, a zoonotic hookworm. We identified 795 ESPs with common and sex-specific functions, providing insights into parasite-host interactions and potential targets for drug development.
Article
Parasitology
Andrea Langeland, Emilia Grill, Amol C. Shetty, Damien M. O'Halloran, John M. Hawdon
Summary: Soil-transmitted nematodes (STNs) infect at least 1.5 billion people globally, causing significant health and economic burdens. The pathogen burden is higher in children and pregnant women, leading to anemia and developmental delays. Understanding the molecular determinants of host specificity in these parasites is essential for intervention.
Review
Infectious Diseases
Archie C. A. Clements, Kefyalew Addis Alene
Summary: The global distribution and morbidity effects of specific hookworm species are still unknown, hindering the implementation of the most effective local hookworm control interventions. Two systematic reviews were conducted to analyze the proportion of hookworm isolates for each species and genus by region, as well as the associations between species-specific hookworm infections and morbidity outcomes, particularly severe anaemia. Necator americanus and Ancylostoma spp were found in all regions, albeit at different ratios. However, there is no clear evidence for differential morbidity effects among different hookworm species. To elucidate key features of hookworm epidemiology and control, diagnostic methods that can differentiate between hookworm species, including molecular methods, need to be developed and widely used in control programs.
Review
Infectious Diseases
Cameron Raw, Rebecca J. Traub, Patsy A. Zendejas-Heredia, Mark Stevenson, Anke Wiethoelter
Summary: Soil-transmitted helminths (STH) infections are commonly found in Australian Indigenous communities, and the prevalence may be underestimated. Dogs could serve as reservoirs of zoonotic STHs that can cause harm to both dogs and humans. Further research is needed to determine the true prevalence of STH infections and the species involved.
PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
M. Zaeem Cader, Rodrigo Pereira de Almeida Rodrigues, James A. West, Gavin W. Sewell, Muhammad N. Md-Ibrahim, Stephanie Reikine, Giuseppe Sirago, Lukas W. Unger, Ana Belen Inglesias-Romero, Katharina Ramshorn, Lea-Maxie Haag, Svetlana Saveljeva, Jana-Fabienne Ebel, Philip Rosenstiel, Nicole C. Kaneider, James C. Lee, Trevor D. Lawley, Allan Bradley, Gordon Dougan, Yorgo Modis, Julian L. Griffin, Arthur Kaser
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Stephanie Reikine, Stephen H. McLaughlin, Yorgo Modis
Article
Clinical Neurology
Christopher Pool, Einat Slonimsky, Roshan Nayak, Lisa Engle, Junjia Zhu, Meghan Wilson
Summary: This study provides the largest description of skull base and nasal anatomy in patients with both CHARGE syndrome and BCA. The findings suggest a lower skull base in CHARGE patients, which surgeons should be mindful of to prevent inadvertent skull base injury.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGICAL SURGERY PART B-SKULL BASE
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Benjamin Amoani, Ben Gyan, Samuel Asamoah Sakyi, Emmanuel Kwasi Abu, Samuel Victor Nuvor, Precious Barnes, Tracy Sarkodie-Addo, Benjamin Ahenkorah, Christian Sewor, Duah Dwomoh, Michael Theisen, Michael Cappello, Michael D. Wilson, Bright Adu
Summary: Individuals co-infected with hookworm and malaria have higher antibody responses to the GMZ2 antigen, which decrease after deworming treatment, potentially impacting malaria vaccine efficacy.
BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Christopher Pool, Taelor Weaver, Junjia Zhu, David Goldenberg, Neerav Goyal
Summary: The goal of head and neck cancer surgery is complete tumor resection with a cuff of healthy tissue. Heterogeneity exists in the definition and management of close margins in HPV-mediated oropharyngeal carcinoma, establishing a standard may optimize outcomes and define best practices.
Review
Otorhinolaryngology
Christopher Pool, Neerav Goyal, Jessyka G. Lighthall
Summary: This study reviewed 51 articles and summarized management strategies for sinocutaneous fistulae, including removal of infection, ensuring patency of sinus outflow tracts, tensionless multilayered closure using well vascularized tissue, and prevention or minimization of future risk factors for fistula formation.
ANNALS OF OTOLOGY RHINOLOGY AND LARYNGOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Christopher D. Pool, Vijay A. Patel, Gloria Hwang, Jeremy Barr, Neerav Goyal
Summary: This study validated the use of topical intranasal fluorescein for CSF detection, finding that color change alone is not sufficient to distinguish between CSF, saliva, and saline, but can readily identify blood.
WORLD NEUROSURGERY
(2021)
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Christopher Pool, Christopher J. Gates, Vijay A. Patel, Michele M. Carr
Summary: This study investigated how perioperative management of juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibromas (JNAs) influenced overall cost, with results showing that approach type was unrelated to length of stay or charges, but septal deviation, red blood cell transfusion, and young age were associated with increased length of stay in patients undergoing JNA resection.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Qin Yu, Alba Herrero del Valle, Rahul Singh, Yorgo Modis
Summary: MDA5 is the primary immune sensor for SARS-CoV-2 and many other viruses, mutations can cause disease. This study shows how steric constraints cause MDA5 to misrecognize endogenous RNA as viral RNA, shedding light on how MDA5 recognizes dsRNA in health and disease.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
C. Pool, T. S. King, S. Pradhan, H. Isildak
Summary: This study aimed to investigate whether otolaryngologists and audiologists in the American Academy of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery have noticed an increase in sudden sensorineural hearing loss during the coronavirus pandemic. The survey results showed that the majority of respondents did not perceive an increase in sudden sensorineural hearing loss, and there was no association between geographical location and the perceived increase in this condition.
JOURNAL OF LARYNGOLOGY AND OTOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Joshua Chen, Christopher Pool, Einat Slonimsky, Tonya S. King, Sandeep Pradhan, Meghan N. Wilson
Summary: This study retrospectively analyzed CT scans of 506 pediatric patients aged 0 to 18 who had undergone maxillofacial and head CTs between 2009 to 2016. The study found that the anatomical implications of the pediatric skull base are age and sex dependent.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGICAL SURGERY PART B-SKULL BASE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Monique Merchant, Carlos P. Mata, Yangci Liu, Haoming Zhai, Anna Protasio, Yorgo Modis
Summary: This study identifies a novel intact retrovirus-like endogenous viral element (EVE) called Atlas virus in the human hookworm, Ancylostoma ceylanicum. The cryo-EM structure of Atlas G(C) reveals a unique class II viral membrane fusion protein fold not previously observed in retroviruses. Atlas G(C) shows cell-cell fusion activity when expressed on the plasma membrane, indicating its potential for acquiring a cellular function. This work highlights the structural plasticity in reverse-transcribing RNA viruses.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Guido A. Stoll, Ninoslav Pandiloski, Christopher H. Douse, Yorgo Modis
Summary: Transposable elements serve as a genetic reservoir for the emergence of new genes and regulatory elements, but their expression can be pathogenic and is tightly controlled. KRAB-ZFPs recruit KAP1 to regulate transposable elements, but the interaction between them remains unclear. This study identifies and validates the KRAB-KAP1 molecular interface, which plays a critical role in transcriptional control in vertebrates.
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Christopher Pool, George Liu, Frederick Yoo, Rohit Garg, David Keschner
Summary: Eustachian tube recanalization is a possible procedure that requires further investigation to establish its safety. Eustachian tube closure can result from various causes and lead to severe symptoms. Ureteral stents have the appropriate characteristics for placement and long-term healing. A multidisciplinary team approach allows for simultaneous treatment of nasal and otologic conditions.
INTERNATIONAL FORUM OF ALLERGY & RHINOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biology
Kendra E. Leigh, Yorgo Modis
Summary: The global impact of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has highlighted the importance of scientific research, which has been facilitated by advancements in various scientific fields. Technological improvements in cryo-electron microscopy have allowed for a quicker and more detailed visualization of the virus, aiding in the accelerated development of vaccines and therapeutics.