Review
Environmental Sciences
Ana Luiza Fonseca Destro, Patricia da Silva Mattosinhos, Romulo Dias Novaes, Mariaurea Matias Sarandy, Reggiani Vilela Goncalves, Mariella Bontempo Freitas
Summary: The impact of plant extracts and bioactive secondary metabolites on immunological markers and liver redox metabolism in preclinical models of lead exposure was systematically reviewed. The results showed that plant extracts rich in flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, anthocyanins, and vitamins exerted hepatoprotective effects by chelating and decreasing lead bioaccumulation. Furthermore, plant extracts reinforced antioxidant defenses, attenuating liver oxidative stress and cell death.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Nadja Rohr, Blerta Hoda, Jens Fischer
Summary: This review analyzed and correlated the findings of zirconia implants in clinical, preclinical, and in vitro cell studies in relation to surface structure. The results showed no correlation between surface structure and the observed effects in all three study types. Micro-structured surfaces showed lower mean bone loss in clinical studies, while smooth surfaces enhanced cell spreading and cytoskeletal formation in cell studies. Standardized procedures for human, animal, and in vitro studies are needed to further examine the results.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Christine Huynh, Swen Seeland, Jerome Segrestaa, Carmela Gnerre, Jens Hogeback, Henriette E. Meyer zu Schwabedissen, Jasper Dingemanse, Patricia N. Sidharta
Summary: This study reports the metabolites and metabolic pathways of the CXCR7 antagonist ACT-1004-1239. The major enzyme involved in the metabolism of ACT-1004-1239 was identified as CYP3A4 in vitro, and the primary elimination pathway in humans was through the metabolite M1.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Ashley O. Otto, Christina G. Rivera, John D. Zeuli, Zelalem Temesgen
Summary: Contemporary antiretroviral agents provide enhanced potency and safety for HIV patients, although adverse drug reactions can still occur. This review categorizes antiretroviral agents based on their mechanism of action and discusses hepatoxicity seen in clinical literature. Summative overviews of hepatic adverse reactions associated with contemporary antiretroviral drugs are provided.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Vibha Jawa, Jad Maamary, Michael Swanson, Shuli Zhang, Diana Montgomery
Summary: Immunogenicity to biologics is common during clinical trials, and both product and host specific factors are implicated in contributing to this risk. Various tools have been employed to identify and mitigate these risk factors. This paper presents recent advances in risk assessment approaches, which can guide the development of clinical bioanalytical and immunogenicity monitoring strategies.
JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Gurleen Kour, Syed Assim Haq, Bijender Kumar Bajaj, Prem N. Gupta, Zabeer Ahmed
Summary: Phytochemicals have long been known for their therapeutic potential in autoimmune disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis, but their combination with DMARDs can increase the efficacy of treatment while reducing toxic side effects. Studies have shown promising results in experimental and clinical settings when combining phytochemicals with DMARDs, highlighting the importance of this approach in future RA therapy.
PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Abdelhakim Bouyahya, Naoual El Menyiy, Loubna Oumeslakht, Aicha El Allam, Abdelaali Balahbib, Abdur Rauf, Naveed Muhammad, Elena Kuznetsova, Marina Derkho, Muthu Thiruvengadam, Mohammad Ali Shariati, Nasreddine El Omari
Summary: ROS are reactive oxygen species produced through incomplete reduction of molecular oxygen in the mitochondria of higher organisms. Disruption of the balance between ROS synthesis and reduction can affect macromolecules and contribute to carcinogenesis. The use of antioxidants, especially natural ones, is a major issue in cancer prevention.
Review
Oncology
Louis Schubert, Mohamed Lamine Mariko, Jerome Clerc, Olivier Huillard, Lionel Groussin
Summary: The Ras-Raf-MEK-ERK signaling pathway plays a crucial role in regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival. Its dysregulation is associated with many solid cancers, particularly thyroid cancers. While targeted therapies such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies are used in clinical practice, their efficacy is not always satisfactory. Therefore, there is a need for the development of new molecules. This study provides an overview of the physiological regulation of the MAPK pathway and summarizes the preclinical and clinical studies on the use of MAPK pathway inhibitors in thyroid cancers, including redifferentiation studies.
Review
Oncology
Milad Ashrafizadeh, Mahshid Deldar Abad Paskeh, Sepideh Mirzaei, Mohammad Hossein Gholami, Ali Zarrabi, Farid Hashemi, Kiavash Hushmandi, Mehrdad Hashemi, Noushin Nabavi, Francesco Crea, Jun Ren, Daniel J. Klionsky, Alan Prem Kumar, Yuzhuo Wang
Summary: This review discusses the role and regulatory mechanisms of autophagy in prostate cancer. Autophagy can impact cancer cell proliferation, survival, and metastasis, as well as the response to therapy. Targeting autophagic genes and utilizing nanotherapeutics show promise in improving patient prognosis.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Biochemical Research Methods
Axel Kowald, Israel Barrantes, Steffen Moeller, Daniel Palmer, Hugo Murua Escobar, Anne Schwerk, Georg Fuellen
Summary: Accurate transfer learning of clinical outcomes is highly useful for transferring prediction tasks from one cellular context to another. Transductive transfer learning focuses on learning the predictor in the source domain and transferring its label calculations to the target domain, while inductive transfer learning considers cases where the target predictor performs a different yet related task compared with the source predictor. Mapping variables may also be required. Various transfer learning approaches have been discussed and compared in the context of predicting clinical outcomes based on preclinical molecular data.
BRIEFINGS IN BIOINFORMATICS
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Laura De Lellis, Serena Veschi, Nicola Tinari, Zhirajr Mokini, Simone Carradori, Davide Brocco, Rosalba Florio, Antonino Grassadonia, Alessandro Cama
Summary: The review provides an update on promising non-oncology drugs that may be useful in the treatment of pancreatic cancer, focusing on repurposing existing drugs for improved therapy. Current chemotherapy options for pancreatic cancer are unsatisfactory, creating an urgent need for more effective and less toxic treatment options. Repurposing non-oncology drugs in pancreatic cancer therapy shows promise and potential for overcoming existing challenges in drug discovery and development.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Christina Mauerhofer, Lukas Grumet, Peter Schemmer, Bettina Leber, Philipp Stiegler
Summary: Research has shown that certain micronutrients and natural compounds have antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects, leading to improved graft survival. While some clinical studies have confirmed these results, others have not. Future clinical trials should take advantage of insights gained from animal data.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Engineering, Biomedical
Cristian Sevcencu
Summary: Patients who are unresponsive to drug therapies or surgery may opt for implantable neurostimulation therapy. However, current neurostimulation therapies lack closed-loop control and selective stimulation capabilities. Bioelectronic medicines, a new generation of neurostimulators, aim to address these limitations and provide more effective treatment options.
JOURNAL OF NEURAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Emma R. R. Carruthers, Natasha L. L. Grimsey
Summary: Cannabinoid CB2 receptor agonists have potential therapeutic applications for immune modulation and pain relief, but their efficacy in human clinical trials has been limited. Differences in ligand engagement and signaling responses between the human CB2 receptor and animal models may contribute to this discrepancy. This review summarizes the gene and protein structure of CB2 receptors, compares their pharmacology in different species, and discusses the challenges in translating preclinical studies to clinical success for CB2 receptor-targeted drugs.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Federico Cucchiara, Sara Ferraro, Giacomo Luci, Guido Bocci
Summary: This review focuses on the interactions between alkylating agents and AEDs, providing guidance for rational treatment optimization to improve patients' quality of life. Clinicians should avoid using enzyme-inducing AEDs with alkylating agents and carefully monitor therapeutic drug levels to prevent adverse reactions.
PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2022)