Article
Materials Science, Paper & Wood
Yuko Yoneda, Toshinari Kawada, Markus Bacher, Alexander Prado-Roller, Hubert Hettegger, Antje Potthast, Alfred D. French, Thomas Rosenau
Summary: Cellulose model compounds are widely used in cellulose research to study the polymer's properties. By synthesizing methyl 4-O-methyl beta-D-glucopyranoside derivatives with different substitution patterns, the solid-state structures of these compounds were determined using X-ray diffraction. Solid-state C-13 NMR measurements confirmed the influence of packing arrangement on the chemical shifts of the substituted carbons.
Article
Ecology
Richard P. Fiorella, Steven A. Kannenberg, William R. L. Anderegg, Russell K. Monson, James R. Ehleringer
Summary: Isotope ratios of tree-ring cellulose are important for reconstructing paleoclimate and plant response to environmental changes. This study found that the signal of carbohydrates exported from leaf to branch may deviate from mean leaf values if there is spatial heterogeneity in isotope ratios in the leaf. The result suggests that the conditions producing differential isotope effects between branch phloem and needle sugars could improve tree-ring-based climate reconstructions.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
M. Pauly, C. S. M. Turney, J. G. Palmer, U. Buntgen, A. Brauer, G. Helle
Summary: The Late Glacial dynamics have been demonstrated by records from the North Hemisphere and fewer from the South. New Zealand subfossil kauri tree-rings show a simultaneous downturn around 12,625-12,375 cal BP, indicating a widespread climate deterioration with high precipitation and low temperatures. The study provides new evidence of hydroclimate conditions during the Late Glacial in New Zealand.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Antoni Marciniak, Pawel Chodnicki, Kazi A. Hossain, Joanna Slabonska, Jacek Czub
Summary: Through extensive all-atom free energy simulations, it is shown that the directionality of the ATP synthase F-o subcomplex motor naturally arises from the interplay between intraprotein interactions and energetics of protonation. The strictly conserved arginine in the a-subunit is crucial for dictating rotation direction, controlling protonation state, and separating proton-access channels to ensure efficient energy conversion.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Olga V. Churakova Sidorova, Rolf T. W. Siegwolf, Marina Fonti, Eugene A. Vaganov, Matthias Saurer
Summary: Rapid climate changes at northern latitudes have accelerated permafrost degradation and carbon release, leading to increased frequency of drought events and wildfires. Research shows unprecedented drought events in July precipitation reconstructions in recent centuries, as well as an increased frequency of Arctic Oscillation in May.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Yumiko Watanabe, Yoshito Katayama, Zhen Li, Takeshi Nakatsuka, Suyako Tazuru
Summary: Tree-ring cellulose oxygen isotopic ratios have been studied as a proxy for hydrological changes in monsoonal Asia. This study presents new intra-annual cellulose oxygen isotopic records of Japanese cedar trees from 1918 to 2017, validating its use as a hydrological proxy through comparison with meteorological data. The findings show significant negative correlations between intra-annual isotopic ratios and summer precipitation/relative humidity, similar to earlier studies using annual-resolution data. Moreover, the study suggests that subdividing the annual ring could contribute to reconstructing higher-resolution hydroclimate.
GEOSCIENCE LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Chang Wan Kim, Yongdae Yoon, Moon Young Kim, Soon Koo Baik, Hoon Ryu, Il Hwan Park, Young Woo Eom
Summary: This study investigated the antifibrotic effect of protein kinase C (PKC) in myofibroblasts and its involvement in Hippo pathway activation. The results show that PKC delta exerts an antifibrotic effect by inhibiting the Hippo pathway in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). PKC delta and YAP can be potential therapeutic targets for fibrotic diseases.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Keryn Roberts, Michael Grace, Perran Cook, Dirk Erler, Wei Wen Wong
Summary: The effectiveness of nitrogen removal in wetlands depends on biological processes. Isotopic fractionation factors were measured to evaluate nitrogen transformation processes in two urban water treatment wetlands. Differences in sampling conditions, such as rainfall patterns and light availability, affected the removal capability of the wetlands. Nitrate removal was influenced by overall nutrient inputs, residence time, and water temperature.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Yaru Zhao, Chenxi Xu, Yucheng Liu, Wenling An, Zhengtang Guo
Summary: This study reconstructed a 400-year streamflow time series for the Irrawaddy River in Myanmar using tree-ring cellulose oxygen isotopes (d18O) and examined the changes in hydrological extremes before and after global warming. The study found an increase in extreme drought events in the region, with the frequency of droughts significantly increasing since the 1850s. The persistent drought conditions during 2000-2017 were unprecedented in the last 400 years, and this increase in drought events is attributed to the weakening of the Indian Summer Monsoon and rising temperatures.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Qi Liang Lu, Yong Ling, Qi Quan Luo
Summary: The recent discovery of cyclo[18]carbon has attracted widespread attention. A study showed that magnesium dimer can be encapsulated inside an all-carboatomic ring to form a stable ionic complex. This unique structure exhibits remarkable aromatic character.
CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Sifan Gu, Zhengyu Liu, Delia W. Oppo, Jean Lynch-Stieglitz, Alexandra Jahn, Jiaxu Zhang, Keith Lindsay, Lixin Wu
Summary: The study examines the factors contributing to the deglacial Atlantic mid-depth delta C-13 change, finding that the increased remineralization due to the weakened AMOC plays a dominant role in the decrease of delta C-13. The surface end-members should be used in diagnosing mechanisms of delta C-13 changes, as their remineralization is more critical than that along the transport pathway to the deep ocean.
EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Emma A. Elliott Smith, Michael D. Fox, Marilyn L. Fogel, Seth D. Newsome
Summary: Carbon isotope fingerprinting using multivariate analysis has been applied in ecological studies to measure essential amino acids. This study evaluated the consistency in isotopic fingerprints among nearshore primary producers and identified the biochemical mechanisms driving these patterns. The results showed a high consistency in isotopic fingerprints of marine algae across space and time, with kelps and rhodophytes exhibiting distinct patterns. Taxonomy and site locality were found to be important determinants of individual amino acid delta C-13 values.
FUNCTIONAL ECOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Guitao Huang, Mingwen Lai, Canhua Xu, Shan He, Lihong Dong, Fei Huang, Ruifen Zhang, David James Young, Hesheng Liu, Dongxiao Su
Summary: This study identified specific gut microbial strains and their corresponding metabolites involved in the metabolism of Lychee pulp phenolics (LPP). Bacteroides uniformis, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, and Lactobacillus plantarum were found to be the major strains participating in LPP utilization and degradation. It was also discovered that Lactobacillus plantarum has a unique metabolic pathway for quercetin-3-O-rutinose-7-O-alpha-L-rhamnoside. Additionally, the LPP metabolites exhibited higher antioxidant activity than their precursors, providing insights into interindividual differences in phenolic metabolism by gut microbiota.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Joshua Munro, Chris Harris
Summary: The 2060 +/- 2 Ma Phalaborwa Complex is a pipe-like intrusion formed from multiple magma pulses. It is composed of a main pipe made up of various rock types, surrounded by smaller plugs. The delta O-18 values for most minerals are consistent with magmatic equilibrium, while alkali feldspar and phlogopite show more variability. The high-delta O-18 values suggest a mantle source for the magmas.
JOURNAL OF PETROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ashim Nandi, Jan M. L. Martin
Summary: Recent quantum chemical computations reveal the electron-acceptance behavior of C-18 ring with piperidine and demonstrate the significant role of heavy atom quantum mechanical tunneling in the transformation from vdW to DB complex.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Michael J. Polito, Wayne Z. Trivelpiece, William P. Patterson, Nina J. Karnovsky, Christian S. Reiss, Steven D. Emslie
MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
(2015)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Peter J. van Hengstum, Jeffrey P. Donnelly, Andrew W. Kingston, Bruce E. Williams, David B. Scott, Eduard G. Reinhardt, Shawna N. Little, William P. Patterson
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Steven D. Emslie, Rebecka Brasso, William P. Patterson, Antonio Carlos Valera, Ashley McKenzie, Ana Maria Silva, James D. Gleason, Joel D. Blum
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2015)
Article
Ecology
Michael J. Polito, Wayne Z. Trivelpiece, William P. Patterson, Nina J. Karnovsky, Christian S. Reiss, Steven D. Emslie
MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
(2015)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Richard S. Jayne, Ryan M. Pollyea, Justin P. Dodd, Elizabeth J. Olson, Susan K. Swanson
HYDROGEOLOGY JOURNAL
(2016)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Matthew S. Lachniet, Daniel E. Lawson, Haroon Stephen, Alison R. Sloat, William P. Patterson
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
(2016)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Justin P. Dodd, Wilson Wiedenheft, Joshua M. Schwartz
GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
(2017)
Review
Geography, Physical
Nathan D. Stansell, Eric S. Klein, Matthew S. Finkenbinder, Carolyn S. Fortney, Justin P. Dodd, Jaanus Terasmaa, Daniel B. Nelson
QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS
(2017)
Article
Geography, Physical
Yurena Yanes, Nasser M. Al-Qattan, Jason A. Rech, Jeffrey S. Pigati, Justin P. Dodd, Jeffrey C. Nekola
QUATERNARY RESEARCH
(2019)
Article
Geography, Physical
E. J. Olson, J. P. Dodd, M. A. Rivera
PALAEOGEOGRAPHY PALAEOCLIMATOLOGY PALAEOECOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Archaeology
Katherine A. Adelsberger, Jonathan Lewis, Justin P. Dodd, Danika Hill, Jennifer R. Smith, Elena A. A. Garcea
GEOARCHAEOLOGY-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL
(2020)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Tenley J. Banik, Tamara L. Carley, Matthew A. Coble, John M. Hanchar, Justin P. Dodd, Gabriele M. Casale, Sean P. McGuire
Summary: The study of zircon-based U-Pb geochronology, trace element concentrations, and O and Hf isotope compositions for Sn AE fell volcano in eastern Iceland reveals a long history of the magmatic system originating from mantle-derived basalt.
GEOCHEMISTRY GEOPHYSICS GEOSYSTEMS
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Lillian R. Lueck, Mark P. Fischer, Nicholas J. Williams, Kerstin Drost, Justin P. Dodd, David M. Chew
Summary: This study combines field structural analysis with various methods to investigate the evolution and complexity of the paleofluid system in the vicinity of the Gypsum Valley salt wall in the Paradox Basin, U.S.A. The results highlight the need for careful integration of stratigraphic and structural data for interpreting fluid systems in salt structures.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Nathan D. Stansell, Eric S. Klein, Kristyn Hill, Jaanus Terasmaa, Justin Dodd, Maxwell Boes, Mariliis Eensalu, Carolyn Fortney, Annabella Fritts, Roxana Garcia, Brittany Price, Brandy Swanson
Summary: The study shows that the environment and carbon accumulation in Northern Europe have changed over the past few thousand years. Relative humidity, temperature, and precipitation are major factors influencing the water balance of peatlands. The study also found that carbon accumulation rates are lower under dry and warm conditions, while they are higher under wetter and/or colder climate conditions.
Review
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Jill N. Sutton, Luc Andre, Damien Cardinal, Daniel J. Conley, Gregory F. de Souza, Jonathan Dean, Justin Dodd, Claudia Ehlert, Michael J. Ellwood, Patrick J. Frings, Patricia Grasse, Katharine Hendry, Melanie J. Leng, Panagiotis Michalopoulos, Virginia N. Panizzo, George E. A. Swann
FRONTIERS IN EARTH SCIENCE
(2018)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Zhen-Min Ge, Xiao-Long Huang, Wei Xie, Tobias W. Hofig, Fan Yang, Yang Yu, S. Khogenkumar Singh
Summary: The mantle source composition of the nascent oceanic crust in the central part of the Gulf of California has been investigated using basaltic glass samples. These samples show trace element patterns similar to enriched mid-ocean ridge basalts, suggesting that the nascent oceanic crust in the Guaymas Basin might be generated through partial melting of a depleted mantle source metasomatized by subducted slab materials.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Jean-Michel Brazier, Katja E. Goetschl, Martin Dietzel, Vasileios Mavromatis
Summary: This study estimated the distribution coefficient of Zn2+ between calcite/aragonite and reactive fluids and found that the growth rate strongly influences D-Zn(2+) in both minerals. Additionally, a linear correlation was found between D-Zn(2+) and the saturation degree of the reactive fluid.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Ming Lei, Michele Lustrino, Jifeng Xu, Zhiqiang Kang, Zhengfu Guo, Jianlin Chen
Summary: This study presents a comprehensive geochronological, mineralogical, and geochemical analysis of olivine leucitites in the Maiga area of southern Tibet, suggesting that these rocks originate from a carbonated peridotite mantle source and highlighting the possibility of carbonates being recycled deep into the mantle during continental subduction.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Yuntao Ye, Xiaomei Wang, Huajian Wang, Haifeng Fan, Zhigang Chen, Qingjun Guo, Ziteng Wang, Chaodong Wu, Donald E. Canfield, Shuichang Zhang
Summary: Phosphorus is an essential element for life and its cycle in the ocean is closely connected with the carbon and oxygen cycles. The study of phosphate oxygen isotopes can provide insights into various reactions related to phosphorus. By analyzing carbonate fluorapatite samples from the Mesoproterozoic Era in North China, it was found that the oxygen isotope values were lower compared to modern samples, indicating a warmer climate during that time period and a potential reason for the scarcity of phosphorite.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Vincent Busigny, Oanez Lebeau, Didier Jezeduel, Carine Chaduteau, Sean Crowe, Magali Ader
Summary: This study conducted high-precision Mo isotope research on hydrothermal metal sulfides from a porphyry copper deposit in Southwest China and found that different stages of mineralization have distinct Mo isotope compositions, providing valuable insights into the behavior of Mo isotopes in magmatic-hydrothermal systems.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Min Ji, Xiao-Ying Gao, Yong-Fei Zheng, Bing Gong
Summary: The study examines the anatectic mechanisms in the Himalayan orogen, finding that pressure and temperature control the reaction, while water content mainly affects the solid-phase composition. Dehydration and hydration melting likely occur at different depths in the crust. This research provides important insights into the melting processes in collisional orogens.