Model-integrated process development demonstrated on the optimization of a robotic cation exchange step

A new concept for chromatography process development based on high-through put data and mechanistic modeling will be presented in this paper. The concept is established in close cooperation between experimentation, modeling and model-based experimental design and allows for robustness analyses and upscale predictions. It will be demonstrated based on a case study: the optimization of a multicomponent separation (lysozyme, ribonuclease A and cytochrome c on SP Sepharose FF (TM)), subject to pH conditions and optimal settings for the shape of the elution gradient. Peak resolution and a precise prediction of retention times were chosen as performance variables in the case study to demonstrate the flexibility of the concept. It was shown that the concept of model-integrated process development is simple to perform from miniaturized scale on. The data, derived from model-based optimally designed experiments, provided sufficient information for process development, the model was calibrated and predictions for optimal separation setups as well as for the upscale showed a high precision. Consequently, the accumulation of data from high-throughput screenings can be used profitably for model-based process optimization and upscale predictions. (c) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.