Article
Engineering, Chemical
Duanxu Hou, Lin Zhang, Baoyu Cui, Qiang Zhao, Lanyue Jiang, Peikun Liu, Dezhou Wei
Summary: The particle circulation flow and classification performance of the cylindrical hydrocyclone and multi-stage cylindrical hydrocyclone were studied using numerical simulations and physical tests. The results showed that the multi-stage cylindrical hydrocyclone can enhance the circulation flow of certain particles and limit the circulation flow of others, leading to improved classification efficiency.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Duanxu Hou, Peikun Liu, Qiang Zhao, Lanyue Jiang, Baoyu Cui, Dezhou Wei
Summary: This study investigates the regulation of particle circulation flow in hydrocyclones by changing the diameter of the secondary-cylindrical section to optimize separation efficiency. The results show that circulation flows are induced by the axial velocity wave zone, and increasing the secondary-cylindrical section diameter intensifies coarse particle circulation and aggregation, resulting in an increase of cut size. Adjusting the secondary-cylindrical section diameter helps improve classification efficiency and enhance separation sharpness.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
D. Werner, H. Davison, E. Robinson, J. A. Sykes, J. P. K. Seville, A. Wellings, S. Bhattacharya, D. A. Sanchez Monsalve, Tz. Kokalova Wheldon, C. R. K. Windows-Yule
Summary: The influence of bed composition on the mixing of fluidised beds containing mixtures of Geldart group B and D particles is studied using Positron Emission Particle Tracking (PEPT). It is found that small fractions of group D particles have weak effect on the mixing dynamics, but higher concentrations lead to decreased mixing effectiveness and marked changes in flow patterns, including a previously undocumented meta-stable state. This research contributes to the understanding of bed composition's impact on mixing in industrial processes.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Mark Al-Shemmeri, Kit Windows-Yule, Estefania Lopez-Quiroga, Peter J. Fryer
Summary: The physicochemical transformation of coffee during roasting is affected by the time-temperature profile, which is in turn influenced by heat transfer mechanisms governed by particle dynamics. This study employed Positron Emission Particle Tracking (PEPT) to analyze the granular flow of coffee in a pilot-scale rotating drum roaster. The results revealed that the drum speed, batch size, and bean density significantly impact the particle dynamics within the system. These findings suggest that controlling the drum speed can modulate conductive heat transfer from the heated drum to the bean bed, thereby influencing the roasting process.
FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Avshalom Offner, Sam Manger, Jacques Vanneste
Summary: Positron emission particle tracking (PEPT) is an imaging method that reconstructs three-dimensional trajectories of small tracer particles in opaque fluids. This study introduces a probabilistic framework based on Bayesian inference for accurately determining particle positions from PEPT data, while accounting for scattering and noise. The formulation is illustrated with simulations, showing the optimal choice of observation time and the benefits of inferring particle velocity in addition to position.
Article
Mechanics
Yucheng Jie, Zhiwen Cui, Chunxiao Xu, Lihao Zhao
Summary: Direct numerical simulations were conducted to study particle-laden turbulent channel flows at friction Reynolds number Re-tau from 600 to 2000. The results showed large-scale particle streaks formed by high-inertia particles at high Re-tau. These particles preferentially accumulated beneath the large-scale low-speed flow streaks observed in the logarithmic region. Different scales of Q(-) structures controlled the formation of near-wall particle streaks.
JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS
(2022)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
Cody S. Wiggins, Arturo Cabral, Lane B. Carasik
Summary: Increasingly, 3D experimental measurements of flow in complex engineering geometries are needed to validate computational fluid dynamics models for reactor design. To overcome lack of optical access in these systems, coregistered positron emission particle tracking (PEPT) and X-ray computed tomography (CT) are explored for flow measurement. Through this methodology, fully 3D flow information and detailed internal geometry are captured in opaque systems, allowing for detailed flow features around internal structures within a given test section to be revealed. Preliminary measurements show the utility of PEPT/CT, with accurate reconstruction of pipe flow mean velocity and Reynolds stresses.
NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND DESIGN
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Caie Zhang, Shuaishuai Lu
Summary: In this study, experiments were conducted to investigate the classification performance of coal slime. It was found that the misplacement of fine particles in the underflow was mainly caused by the presence of fine gangue components. Increasing the feed concentration appropriately can reduce the adverse effect of particle density on classification. This work provides insights into the migration mechanism of multi-component particles during the classification of coal slime.
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
Cody S. Wiggins, Lane B. Carasik, Arthur E. Ruggles
Summary: In this study, PEPT technology was used to investigate the vortex and velocity distribution in twisted tape flows, confirming their existence and revealing their development up to 20 diameters downstream of the entrance. The increased vorticity and turbulent fluctuations suggest regions of reduced heat transfer and hot spots.
NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND DESIGN
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Tong Zhang, Jianping Li, Aosong Wei, Junjun Huang, Shihao Li, Jun Huan, Faquan Wang, Hualin Wang
Summary: This study proposed a method for ultra-clean separation of micro-particle contaminants using mini-hydrocyclones with overflow microchannels. By controlling the width of the overflow microchannels, the adverse effects of short-flow can be significantly reduced, leading to efficient separation. Experimental results showed that this method can greatly decrease the concentration and quantity of micro-particle contaminants in lubricating oil, achieving the cleanliness requirements of international standards and demonstrating excellent technical-economic performance.
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
Thomas Leadbeater, Andy Buffler, Michael van Heerden, Ameerah Camroodien, Deon Steyn
Summary: Positron Emission Particle Tracking (PEPT) is a radioactive tracer-based approach used to study dynamic physical processes and multiphase flows. It involves loading short-lived positron-emitting isotopes onto suitable substrates to act as tracer particle flow followers. Coincident photons from electron-positron annihilation are detected and used to determine tracer particle dynamics. The direct approach, using high-energy alpha-particle beams, shows promise in producing pure positron emitter F-18.
NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Jinyi Tian, Yuqing Gao, Xiaoyun Ye, Fei Huang, Yuwei Zhao, Tong Zhang, Wei Zhao, Xiurong Chen, Hualin Wang, Shibo Kuang
Summary: A gravity-driven hydrocyclone was proposed for the separation and activation of granular sludge without the need for an intake pump. CFD simulations showed that the inclination angle affected fluid flow, particle motion, and separation performance, but had little influence on particle rotation and translation. The new hydrocyclone achieved efficient separation and the split ratio increased with the inclination angle.
JOURNAL OF WATER PROCESS ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
X. Wen, L. McDonald, J. Pierce, W. Guo, M. R. Fitzsimmons
Summary: Time dependent observations of point-to-point correlations of the velocity vector field are important for modeling and understanding fluid flow around complex objects. This study used thermal gradients to observe fluid flow through fluorescence recording, and applied unsupervised machine learning algorithms and particle displacement determination algorithms to analyze the recorded fluorescence.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Qingtong Shi, Bo Ai, Yubo Wen, Wenjun Feng, Chenxi Yang, Hongchun Zhu
Summary: This paper proposed a new dynamic visualization method of multi-hierarchy flow field in a 3D digital Earth environment, studied different algorithms and eliminated the density change of streamlines by using a specific seed point distribution method. Additionally, a viewport-adaptive adjustment algorithm was introduced to ensure particle density is suitable for different viewing distances, addressing the deficiency in visual representation of ocean currents.
ISPRS INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GEO-INFORMATION
(2021)
Review
Physics, Multidisciplinary
C. R. K. Windows-Yule, M. T. Herald, A. L. Nicusan, C. S. Wiggins, G. Pratx, S. Manger, A. E. Odo, T. Leadbeater, J. Pellico, R. T. M. de Rosales, A. Renaud, I Govender, L. B. Carasik, A. E. Ruggles, Tz Kokalova-Wheldon, J. P. K. Seville, D. J. Parker
Summary: Positron emission particle tracking (PEPT) is a high-resolution, three-dimensional imaging technique used for studying large, dense, and opaque particulate and multiphase systems. This research brings together experts from leading PEPT facilities to provide an overview, evaluation, and quantitative assessment of contemporary PEPT methodologies. The study includes detailed explanations and interactive code examples for algorithm exploration.
REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Huub W. Dries, Alex C. Hoffmann
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Alex C. Hoffmann, Sandra S. Pletten, Mirko Mania
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Alex C. Hoffmann, Ashild Skorpen, Yu-Fen Chang
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
(2019)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Maryam Ghaffari, Alex C. Hoffmann, Trygve Skjold, Rolf K. Eckhoff, Kees van Wingerden
JOURNAL OF LOSS PREVENTION IN THE PROCESS INDUSTRIES
(2019)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
A. C. Hoffmann
Article
Energy & Fuels
Nelson Thambiraj, Ivar Waernhus, Crina Suciu, Arild Vik, Alex C. Hoffmann
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Steven D. Mamet, Amy Jimmo, Alexandra Conway, Aram Teymurazyan, Alizera Talebitaher, Zisis Papandreou, Yu-Fen Chang, Whitney Shannon, Derek Peak, Steven D. Siciliano
Summary: This study used PET to test two hypotheses: optimizing phosphate bioavailability in soil is more effective in promoting hydrocarbon degradation and oligotrophic biostimulation outperforms eutrophic approaches.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Pavel G. Struchalin, Vegar H. Oye, Pawel Kosinski, Alex C. Hoffmann, Boris Balakin
Summary: This article discusses a flow loop study on the risk of cohesive particle slurries in subsea petroleum production. The study focuses on a slurry with ice particles consistent with 0.23-mm size in decane. The experiments showed that increased viscosity of the slurry led to higher pressure drops and the formation of plugs, with particle concentration also influencing plug formation.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Nazerke Saparbayeva, Yu-Fen Chang, Pawel Kosinski, Alex C. Hoffmann, Boris Balakin, Pavel G. Struchalin
Summary: This paper investigates the cohesive collision of ice in an oil phase at temperatures ranging from -15.7 degrees C to -0.3 degrees C. New information on the coefficient of restitution (COR) was obtained using three different velocity measurement methods: high-speed experimental video recording, Positron Emission Particle Tracking (PEPT), and numerical simulations. The results demonstrate that the CFD-DEM method is suitable for describing multiphase cohesive interactions, with an average deviation of about 10% from experimental data.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ellinor Arguilla Svensen, Alex C. Hoffmann
Proceedings Paper
Mathematics, Applied
Yu-Fen Chang, Kyle Thompson, Aram Teymurazyan, Steven D. Siciliano, Zisis Papandreou
INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON NUMERICAL ANALYSIS AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS (ICNAAM-2018)
(2019)
Proceedings Paper
Electrochemistry
Nelson Thambiraj, Crina Suciu, Ivar Waernhus, Arild Vik, Alex C. Hoffmann
SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELLS 15 (SOFC-XV)
(2017)
Proceedings Paper
Electrochemistry
Nelson Thambiraj, Crina Suciu, Ivar Waernhus, Arild Vik, Alex C. Hoffmann
SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELLS 15 (SOFC-XV)
(2017)
Proceedings Paper
Nuclear Science & Technology
B. V. Balakin, T. C. H. Adamsen, Y-F Chang, P. Kosinski, A. C. Hoffmann
INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE FOR YOUNG SCIENTISTS, SPECIALISTS, AND POSTGRADUATES ON NUCLEAR REACTOR PHYSICS 2016 (ICNRP-2016)
(2017)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Qing Han, Mengqing Shi, Linkai Han, Di Liu, Mingwei Tong, Yuxin Xie, Zhonghua Xiang
Summary: Developing highly efficient bifunctional oxygen electrocatalysts is crucial for zinc-air flow batteries. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent organic polymers (COPs) have emerged as promising alternatives due to their designable and controllable atomic-level structures. However, their catalytic performances are limited by conductivity and catalytic activity. In this study, nanosheet FeNi-MOF and iron phthalocyanine rich COP hybrid materials are assembled through the pi-pi stacking effect to create highly efficient bifunctional electrocatalysts. The resulting catalyst exhibits superior catalytic performance and stability, making it a promising candidate for zinc-air flow batteries.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Daria Grigorash, Dmytro Mihrin, Rene Wugt Larsen, Erling H. Stenby, Wei Yan
Summary: The article introduces a new approach to describe the cross-association between molecules, allowing for the simulation of weakly bound molecular complexes with different conformations in mixtures. By incorporating this approach into the equation of state, accurate predictions of vapor-liquid equilibrium and liquid-liquid equilibrium can be made. The new method is validated through experiments on alcohol and acid mixtures, with the results compared to experimental data, demonstrating its accuracy and reliability.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Mohammed Al-Sharabi, Daniel Markl, Vincenzino Vivacqua, Prince Bawuah, Natalie Maclean, Andrew P. E. York, Axel Zeitler
Summary: This study used terahertz pulsed imaging to investigate the transport process of different solvents into ceramic catalytic materials. The results showed that the heating rate of the samples influenced the water transport rate, while the viscosity of 1-octanol slowed down its transport.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Chukwunonso Anyaoku, Sati Bhattacharya, Rajarathinam Parthasarathy
Summary: This study aimed to enhance understanding of settling dynamics in viscoelastic fluids by developing a semi-empirical correlation and a dimensionless ratio, which accurately described the characteristics of settling suspensions.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Antti I. Koponen, Janika Viitala, Atsushi Tanaka, Baranivignesh Prakash, Olli-Ville Laukkanen, Ari Jasberg
Summary: This study focuses on the development of foam application chemicals for the paper and board industry. The research explores the rheology of the polyvinyl alcohol foam used in the process. Measurements were conducted to determine the foam viscosity and slip flow. The results suggest that slip flow contributes significantly to the total flow rate, and the obtained viscosity and slip models provide a solid foundation for industrial processes.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Dalei Sun, Jinghui Cai, Yating Yang, Zhiwu Liang
Summary: In this study, Fe-doped alpha-Bi2O3 catalysts with different Fe/Bi molar ratios were synthesized and utilized in the carbonylation of isobutyl amine with CO2. The results showed that Fe doping significantly enhanced the catalytic abilities of alpha-Bi2O3.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Yuan Tian, Xinxin Wang, Yanrong Liu, Wenping Hu
Summary: This paper predicts the solubility of nitrogen gas in ionic liquids (ILs) using two quantitative structure-property relationship (QSPR) models. By combining machine learning methods and ionic fragments contribution method, the accuracy and reliability of the prediction models are improved.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Liwang Wang, Wei Liu, Pan Yang, Yulong Chang, Xiaoxu Duan, Lingyu Xiao, Yaoming Hu, Jiwei Wu, Liang Ma, Hualin Wang
Summary: This study investigates the effective phase interfacial area (ae) of hydro-jet cyclones at different injection angles. The results show that a 45 degrees upward incidence angle yields the most favorable flow field characteristics for efficient mass transfer. The significant enhancement in ae of the hydro-jet cyclones offers the advantage of reducing equipment volume and cost savings.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Chuanjun Wu, Jiangzhi Chen, Jiyue Sun, I-Ming Chou, Shenghua Mei, Juezhi Lin, Lei Jiang
Summary: In this study, the solubility of H2S hydrate in water was measured using Raman spectroscopy. The results showed that the solubility increases with temperature under certain equilibrium conditions, and the solubility also depends on pressure and temperature under different equilibrium conditions. A thermodynamic model based on the van der Waals-Platteeuw theory was developed to predict the solubility, demonstrating its accuracy.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Lorenzo Brivio, Serena Meini, Mattia Sponchioni, Davide Moscatelli
Summary: This study investigates the influence of three main parameters and proposes a kinetic model to predict the optimal operating conditions for high yield of dimethyl terephthalate (DMT) in the chemical recycling process of polyethylene terephthalate (PET).
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Hongju Lin, Fanhui Liao, Yanchang Chu, Mingyu Xie, Lun Pan, Yuanyuan Wang, Lijian Leng, Donghai Xu, Le Yang, Gangfeng Ouyang
Summary: A honeycomb NiCo/C-Na catalyst with a micro-meso-macroporous structure has been fabricated and shown to have significantly higher catalytic activity for the decarboxylation of fatty acids. It also proves to be efficient in upgrading sludge HTL bio-crude, resulting in a biofuel with decreased viscosity and increased density.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Xiaoxian Li, Rui Li, Min Lin, Mingde Yang, Yulong Wu
Summary: A series of coated non-noble metal porous carbon catalysts were synthesized and applied to the aqueous-phase deoxygenation of algal bio-oil. One of the catalysts showed excellent deoxygenation selectivity and catalytic activity at 250 degrees C. The catalyst exhibited good hydrothermal stability and the reaction mechanism was proposed based on product analysis and active site analysis.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
M. V. Chudakova, M. V. Popov, P. A. Korovchenko, E. O. Pentsak, A. R. Latypova, P. B. Kurmashov, A. A. Pimenov, E. A. Tsilimbaeva, I. S. Levin, A. G. Bannov, A. V. Kleymenov
Summary: A series of catalysts with different potassium contents were prepared using solution combustion synthesis and characterized using various techniques. The results showed that the potassium content affected the phase composition and texture of the catalysts. The addition of a small amount of potassium resulted in a change in particle size distribution, leading to higher hydrogen yield. The Ni-1%K2O/Al2O3 catalyst exhibited the highest hydrogen yield at temperatures of 675 and 750 degrees Celsius.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Aliakbar Roosta, Nima Rezaei
Summary: In this study, we modified the electrolyte cubic plus association equation of state (e-CPA EoS) and integrated it with two electrical conductivity models to estimate the electrical conductivity of 11 monovalent electrolyte solutions in water. The modified e-CPA model demonstrated better performance and the hybridization with electrical conductivity models resulted in two predictive models for estimating the electrical conduction of dilute and concentrated electrolyte solutions. These predictive models showed relative average percentage deviations (AARD) of 11.15% and 13.87% over wide ranges of temperature and electrolyte concentration.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Haoren Niu, Jianzheng Wang, Qingzhu Jia, Qiang Wang, Jin Zhao, Fangyou Yan
Summary: A study developed two quantitative structure-property relationship models for the complexation performance of alpha- and beta-cyclodextrins and validated their stability and predictive ability through internal and external validation. The models showed robustness and satisfactory performance, as demonstrated by the experimental results and model validations. These models can effectively predict the binding constants between cyclodextrins and various types of molecules, providing valuable tools for cyclodextrin design.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
(2024)